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Biomedical subjects

C E Bell

Publications and source records attributed to C E Bell.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

HLA in primary open-angle glaucoma.

Histocompatibility antigen typing was carried out in 50 Caucasian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 50 Caucasian ocular-normotensive subjects. HLA-A 3 was present in 46%, B7 in 52%, B12 in 50%, and either B7 or B12 in 88% of p,tients with POAG. These prevalences in POAG patients were significantly greater than in ocular-normotensive subjects (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.0005, p less than 0.001, and p less than less than 0.0005, respectively). The prevalences of A 3-B 7, A 3-B 12 and either combination were also significantly greater in POAG patients than in the ocular normotensives (p less than 0.005, p less than 0.005, and p less than 0.0005, respectively). HLA-BW 35 was noted to be in deficit in Caucasian POAG patients (8%) as compared to Caucasian ocular normotensives (32%; p less than 0.01).

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1977

Human beta-glucuronidase deficiency mucopolysaccharidosis: identification of cross-reactive antigen in cultured fibroblasts of deficient patients by enzyme immunoassay.

An enzyme immunoassay for human beta-glucuronidase was developed to determine the presence or absence of antigenically cross-reactive material (CRM) in patients with beta-glucuronidase deficiency mucopolysaccharidosis. This assay provided a sensitive means of measuring the primary interaction between the enzyme molecule and antibody but required neither pure antigen nor monospecific antiserum, an important consideration, since neither of these was available. Goat antiserum to partially purified human placenta beta-glucuronidase did not recognize differences in normal enzyme from human placenta, liver, fibroblasts, or blood platelets. CRM was identified in fibroblast extracts from all four of the unrelated beta-glucuronidase-deficient patients studied, but titration patterns indicated genetic heterogeneity among these four mutant proteins. Fibroblast enzymes from two obligate heterozygotes were distinguishable immunologically from normal enzyme. The enzyme immunoassay was also used to compare human enzyme with liver enzyme from other mammalian species. CRM was present in liver extracts of all species tested, but the liver enzymes, except for the rabbit, were weakly cross-reactive. We conclude that despite certain limitations, the enzyme immunoassay for human beta-glucuronidase is useful and that all four beta-glucuronidase-deficient patients studied possess CRM.

Antigens↗
PubMed1977

Identification of the Schwann cell as a peripheral nervous system cell possessing a differentiation antigen expressed by a human lung tumor.

Recent studies of the plasma membrane antigens of a human lung tumor (oat cell carcinoma) indicated that the tumor expressed at least two normal differentiation antigens undetectable in normal respiratory epithelium. One antigen was characteristic of certain endodermally derived epithelial cells of the digestive system; the other antigen was characteristic of certain neural crest-derived cells in the peripheral nervous system. The present studies were undertaken to identify the reactive cell type in the peripheral nervous system. Since similar cells in the rat peripheral nervous system expressed a cross-reactive form of this antigen, and since pure cultures of different rat nerve cell type were available, the following approach was possible. Cultures of pure neurons, pure Schwann cells, pure fibroblasts, neurons and Schwann cells, and neurons, Schwann cells, and fibroblasts were assayed for this antigen with rabbit anti-oat cell carcinoma plasma membrane antiserum absorbed with normal lung and liver. The indirect immunofluorescence method on both whole, viable cell and fixed cell substrates was used. Only Schwann cells expressed the antigen; Schwann cells in the presence of neurons expressed the antigen much more strongly than did pure Schwann cells. It was concluded that the oat cell carcinoma of the lung expressed a differentiation antigen present on Schwann cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A plasma membrane antigen highly associated with oat-cell carcinoma of the lung and undetectable in normal adult tissue.

The plasma membrane antigens of an oat-cell carcinoma of the lung were studied to determine if any antigens absent from normal adult tissue could be identified. Rabbit and monkey antisera were prepared to a highly purified plasma membrane fraction of an oat-cell carcinoma of the lung. The specificities of the antisera were studied by the indirect immunofluorescence method on frozen section substrate. The rabbit antiserum, after absorption with normal lung, liver, colon and peripheral nerve homogenates and extracts, failed to react with any detectable normal adult tissue. The absorbed anti-serum did react with 7 of 7 oat-cell carcinomas of the lung, but failed to react with any of 7 adeno-carcinomas of the lung, 6 epidermoid carcinomas of the lung, 7 colon carcinomas, 8 breast carcinomas, 4 kidney carcinomas, and 1 pancreatic carcinoma. The unabsorbed monkey antiserum failed to react with any detectable normal adult tissue, and had a tumor reactivity pattern nearly identical to that of the absorbed rabbit antiserum. Thus similar results were obtained with antisera from two different species. It is concluded that oat-cell carcinomas of the lung express a plasma membrane antigen(s) undetectable in normal adult tissue and highly associated with this tumor type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

A normal adult and fetal lung antigen present at different quantitative levels in different histologic types of human lung cancer.

Rabbits were immunized with extract of either an adenocarcinoma of the lung, or one of three oat cell carcinomas of the lung. Unabsorbed and variously absorbed antisera, and various extracts, were analyzed by double and radial immunodiffusion. The adenocarcinomas-antisera identified an antigen subsequently quantitated at high concentration in seven adenocarcinomas of the lung, but a low concentration in five normal adult and four fetal lungs. Three of four epidermoid carcinomas of the lung contained the antigen at low concentration, however only trace amounts were detected in four of five oat cell carcinomas of the lung. The oat cell carcinoma-antisera failed to identify a significant antigen. Quantitatively, the above antigen appeared to distinguish adenocarcinomas and to a lesser extent epidermoid carcinomas from oat cell carcinomas of the lung, and to be consistent with the concept that oat cell carcinomas arise from a different cell type than the other lung tumors.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1976

Endodermally-derived and neural crest-derived differentiation antigens expressed by a human lung tumor.

The plasma membrane antigens of an undifferentiated small cell (oat cell) carcinoma of the lung were studied by the indirect immunofluorescence method on frozen section substrates with a rabbit antiserum prepared to the tumor plasma membrane fraction. After appropriate absorption of the antiserum, at least two differentiation antigens present on the tumor cells but undetectable on normal lung surface or glandular epithelial cells were identified. One antigen(s) was characteristic of certain normal, endodermally-derived epithelial cells of the digestive system, including those of colonic mucosa, hepatic ducts, pancreatic ducts and acini, and islets of Langerhans. The other antigen(s) was characteristic of certain normal, neural crest-derived cells in the peripheral nervous system, including cells in peripheral nerve, dorsal root ganglion, and anterior roots of the spinal cord; parasympathetic ganglion cells in the colon; and small nerves and nerve processes in the lung, colon, and skin. It was concluded that the presence of these differentiation antigens on the tumor cells resulted from the expression of gene products repressed in the normal cell of origin of the tumor.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-reported sexual behaviors of schizophrenic clients and noninstitutionalized adults.

In this descriptive study the authors compare self-reported sexual behaviors of a group of hospitalized psychiatric clients with a group of noninstitutionalized adults. An interview method was used to obtain information about interest in sex, frequency of intercourse, and sexual satisfaction. Control group members and clients reported about the same interest in sex, frequency of intercourse, and satisfaction in their younger years. In their current lives, however, clients reported slightly less sexual feeling and a much lower frequency of intercourse. Nearly half of the clients were not having intercourse, with the majority of those attributing the reason as hospitalization. Concerns about normalizing the institutional environment for sexual expression for chronically mentally ill persons are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of staff development in promoting BSN programs.

Staff development is undergoing rapid change in the current health care environment. One issue of critical importance is providing access to credit courses for nurses who want to obtain a Bachelor of Nursing (BSN) degree. A university and hospital collaborated to provide learning opportunities jointly for nurses to work toward completion of a BSN using the off-campus concept.

Education, Continuing↗