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Biomedical subjects

C Dyer

Publications and source records attributed to C Dyer.

323 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Comparative efficacy of fenoprofen calcium and zomepirac sodium in postsurgical dental pain.

The relative analgesic efficacy of zomepirac sodium 100 mg and fenoprofen calcium 200 mg was evaluated in patients with pain due to surgical removal of dental impactions. This is the first study to make a direct comparison of their effectiveness. This study is especially important since zomepirac sodium was recently removed from the market as an analgesic for acute pain. Zomepirac sodium was extremely popular among clinicians and was considered the most effective of the peripherally acting analgesics. Patients were requested to take a single dose of study medication when they had moderate to severe pain. The study medications were identical in appearance and randomly allocated under double-blind conditions. The medication was evaluated over the next 4 hours according to subjective analgesic measurement scales. The primary measures of efficacy included total pain relief ( TOTPAR ), sum pain intensity difference ( SPID ), overall evaluation, and time to remedication . Of the 136 patients entered, 117 were included in the efficacy analysis. Both active agents demonstrated marked superiority to placebo (p less than 0.001) for all efficacy measures but were inseparable from each other. The mean analgesic efficacy values for both zomepirac sodium and fenoprofen calcium were almost identical. The nineteen subjects who reported side effects were evenly distributed among the three groups. No serious side effects occurred. The results of this study indicate that fenoprofen calcium 200 mg and zomepirac sodium 100 mg are equally efficacious, with similar onset, peak, and total analgesic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Amniocentesis carried out for neural tube indications in South Wales 1973-1981: outcome of pregnancies and findings in the malformed abortuses.

The 2872 second trimester amniocentesis followed by amniotic alphafetoprotein (AFP) estimations carried out in South Wales between 1973 and 1981 on women known to be at increased risk for neural tube defect (NTD) and those who had a raised serum AFP level in an NTD screening programme led to the identification of 78 pregnancies of a fetus with anencephalus, 61 with 'open' spina bifida, 8 with gastroschisis, 3 with exomphalos, 2 with encephalocele and 6 with chromosome abnormality. Pregnancies of fetuses having 4 potentially identifiable NTDs were missed because of an equivocal AFP level and there were two false positive results leading to the termination of one normal fetus. It is emphasized that both the latter problems of one normal fetus. It is emphasized that both the latter problems would not have occurred had gel-electrophoresis for isoenzymes of acetyl cholinesterase been available. Follow-up of pregnancies showed that 7 children with 'closed' NTD and 3 with congenital hydrocephalus were born. The anencephalic and the 'open' spina bifida had a more florid lesion than is usual at term. Nearly all the spina bifida were associated with hydrocephalus, often severe and with an obvious Arnold-Chiari malformation. All but 13 had leg or back deformation or malformations in other systems, mostly in the renal tract.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1979

Cyanide reactivity of cytochrome c derivatives.

The kinetic rates and equilibrium association constants for cyanide binding have been measured for a series of cytochrome c derivatives as a probe of heme accessibility. The series included horse and yeast cytochromes iodinated at Tyr 67 and 74, horse cytochrome formylated at Trp 59 in both a low and high redox potential form, the Met 80 sulfoxide derivative of horse cytochrome and the N-acylisourea heme propionate derivative of tuna cytochrome. Native cytochromes c are well known to bind cyanide slowly in a reaction simply first order both in cytochrome and cyanide up to at least 100 mM in cyanide. The derivative demonstrate markedly different kinetics which indicate the following conclusions. (1) In spite of chemical modification at different loci, all the derivatives have highly similar reactivity, suggesting common ligation structures and mechanisms for reaction. (2) Compared to native cytochromes, reaction rates are 10-20 fold greater. This is in accord with a more accessible heme crevice, but not a completely opened crevice. For the completely opened case, rate increases are expected to be between three and five orders of magnitude. (3) Reaction rates are either independent of cyanide concentration (zero order) or show only slight variation. A mechanism which accounts for the data over four orders of magnitude in concentration postulates a protein conformation step, opening of the heme crevice, as the rate determining step. This conformation change has a limiting rate of 6 . 10(-2) s-1.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A multi-axial classification for the education of autistic children.

Following the WHO tri-axial classification of mental disorders, which set out possibilities for differential classification and diagnosis among the syndromes, the present article suggests complementary axes upon which educational therapy can be based in the psychoses of autism and allied disorders. They are offered as a basis of common ground for discussion in multidisciplinary teams.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Delayed echolalia in autism: some observations on differences within the term.

Attention has recently focused on the need to build up a corpus of case observations relating to the function of delayed echolalia in various handicapping conditions but especially in early childhood autism. This present article offers six functional categories as an aid to clear reporting of observation and, thus clarification of this little-understood facet of deviant language development.

Autistic Disorder↗