Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Dupont

Publications and source records attributed to C Dupont.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[In utero transfer for preterm labor: experience of a regional perinatal hotline providing a 24-hour on call service].

OBJECTIVE: Preterm labor is one of the major causes of concern for level I and II obstetricians. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of in utero transfer performed for preterm labor. We also aimed to evaluate the algorithm we used in case of call for preterm labor. This algorithm allowed us to study the rate of endovaginal sonography use prior to in utero transfer, to calculate its predictive value and to evaluate the risk of delivery during transfer. PATIENTS AND METHOD: We conducted an 8-months prospective study of all calls for preterm labor received at a regional call center in France (EU). All obstetrical data were entered in a computerized anonymous database. Three months after the first call midwives collected data from the receiving hospital. RESULTS: Calls for preterm labor account for 40% of calls for in utero transfer. Two hundred and sixty-five calls have been received for preterm labor; among them 50 cases were associated with a preterm rupture of membrane, a maternal or fetal pathology and 14 cases were lost for follow-up. Those 64 cases were excluded leaving 201 cases for analysis. Twenty-eight had a cervix dilated 4 cm, or more, while 173 had a cervix dilated less than 4 cm. Fifty percent of woman that had a cervical dilatation of 4 cm or more delivered more than 4 h after the call. Among the 173 patients that had a cervix dilated less than 4 cm, 71% had not delivered 7 days after the hotline call and 26% had an endovaginal ultrasonography performed before the transfer. None of the women that had a cervical length longer than 27 mm delivered in the 7 following days. None of the 176 women that were transferred delivered during the transfer. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In utero transfer for preterm labor is the leading cause of in utero transfer. Endovaginal ultrasonography prior to transfer should be performed in order to avoid unnecessary transfer. Women who have a preterm labor with a cervical dilatation of 4 cm or more are not an absolute contra-indication to in utero transfer. In those cases the transfer indication should be discussed on a case-to-case basis including the actual term and the distance between hospitals.

Female↗
PubMed2004

[Trophic feeding and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract of the preterm infant].

Maturation of gastrointestinal function in neonates is stimulated by enteral nutrition whereas parenteral nutrition induces gastrointestinal atrophy and malfunction. Trophic feeding is the practice of feeding minute volumes of milk in order to stimulate the development of the immature gastrointestinal tract of the preterm infant. The provision of trophic feeding to the metabolically stable premature infant appears to result in multiple nutritional benefits and in minimum risk of complications. Further studies are, however, needed before recommending this practice routinely.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed2004

High faecal calprotectin concentrations in newborn infants.

BACKGROUND: Calprotectin, a major component of soluble cytosolic proteins in human neutrophil granulocytes, is excreted in excess in stools during inflammatory bowel disease in adults and children. Faecal calprotectin concentrations are also higher during the first year of life than in adults. OBJECTIVES: To measure faecal calprotectin concentrations in the neonatal period and define reference values according to the mode of feeding: standard infant formula, prebiotic infant formula (Calisma, Blédina SA, France), or breast feeding. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out over three months in 69 full term, healthy newborns with a median gestational age of 39.8 weeks (range 37-41.5) and a birth weight of 3300 g (range 2600-4460). Three groups were formed depending on the mode of feeding: group 1 (n = 18) received a standard infant formula, group 2 (n = 19) the prebiotic infant formula, and group 3 (n = 32) was breast fed. One stool sample was taken from each newborn on day 4 (3-7), and faecal calprotectin analysed using a commercial enzyme linked immunoassay (Calprest, Eurospital, Italy). RESULTS: Faecal calprotectin concentrations (median 167 micro g/g) were higher than reference values in healthy adults. The concentration was below the upper reference limit for adults (50 micro g/g) for three infants only, one fed the standard formula and two fed the prebiotic formula. Concentrations did not differ significantly according to method of feeding. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with healthy adults, newborns have high calprotectin concentrations in the first days of life. There is no obvious influence of the mode of feeding.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2003

[Feeding of infants based on age. Practice guidelines].

This paper presents practical guidelines for nutrition and feeding of infants and toddlers including vitamin D, vitamin K and fluoride supplementations and preventive measures at risk for food allergy based on family history.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed2003

The atopy patch tests for detection of cow's milk allergy with digestive symptoms.

Infants (n = 35) with digestive symptom were investigated for diagnosis of cow's milk allergy (CMA). Milk atopy patch tests (APTs) were positive in 19 of 24 CMA versus 1 of 11 in non-CMA patients (P <.001). This sensitivity (79%) and specificity (91%) suggest that the APT could improve the detection of conditions related to CMA.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2003

[Patch tests in the diagnosis of food allergies in the nursing infant].

The atopy patch-test has been shown to be useful in diagnosis of delayed reactions in infants with atopic dermatitis or digestive symptoms. The combination of skin prick testing and patch testing can significantly enhance the accuracy in diagnosis of specific food allergy in infants with atopic dermatitis or digestive symptoms.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed2003

Formula feeding during cow's milk allergy.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is an immunologically mediated reaction to cow's milk proteins, which affects infant and young children. Cow milk elimination requires either breast-feeding, with or without elimination diet in mother or the use of specific formulas, based on cow's milk protein extensively hydrolyzed, which fit 90-95% of children with cow's milk allergy. In others, still reactive to allergic remnants in hydrolysates, an amino acid based formula is the optimal option. The good tolerance of soy formulas in a reasonable proportion of children with cow's milk allergy make them useful, including as a 1(st)-choice alternative, except probably for those below the age of 6 months. Any elimination diet in children is at risk of nutritional deficiency so that a constant monitoring of the growth parameters should be kept in those children.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Acquisition of secondary resistance after failure of a first treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children].

AIMS: To assess the frequency of acquisition of secondary Helicobacter pylori resistant-strains after a first course of antimicrobial treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed during the 1994-2000 period, in 15 girls and eight boys, mean age 10.9 +/- 4.8 years (1.4-17 years), with Helicobacter pylori gastritis (culture and antimicrobial susceptibility) presenting a failure of first course treatment, with during one week a proton pump inhibitor and amoxicillin together with either clarithromycin (n = 14) or metronidazole (n = 9). Two endoscopies were performed, the first at the time of diagnosis and the second after the failure of bacterial eradication demonstrated by a positive 13C urea breath test six weeks after the end of treatment. Antimicrobial susceptibility of all Helicobacter pylori strains was tested after each endoscopy and before starting a second course of the treatment. RESULTS: Comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility before and after the first course of treatment showed that Helicobacter pylori strains were all sensitive to amoxicillin, clarithromycin-resistant in eight children (34.7%) before treatment vs 12 (52.1%) after treatment, p = 0.42, ns, metronidazole-resistant in 13 (56.5%) vs 12 (52.1%), p = 0.80, ns, and both clarithromycin and metronidazole-resistant in four (17.3%) vs seven (30.4%), p = 0.63, ns. Among the 14 children treated by a triple therapy including clarithromycin, three (21.4%) developed a secondary resistance to clarithromycin and in one metronidazole resistance was no more detected. Among the nine children treated with a triple therapy including metronidazole, none developed a secondary resistance to metronidazole and one developed a secondary resistance to clarithromycin. CONCLUSION: This study shows the absence of amoxicillin-resistant strains, a high initial clarithromycin-resistant strains level (primary resistance), increasing after a first course of treatment, and for metronidazole a high initial level of resistance not influenced by treatment. Secondary clarithromycin-resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains following the first course of treatment could account for failure of bacterial eradication and suggests the importance of antimicrobial susceptibility.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed2002

[Nutritional treatment of acute diarrhea in an infant and young child].

This paper written by the Comité de nutrition de la Société française de pédiatrie is specially devoted to the nutritional treatment of infant and child acute diarrhea, i.e. oral rehydration with salts solution and feeding. It complements an article on drug therapy of child acute diarrhea written by the Groupe francophone d'hépatologie, gastroentérologie et nutrition pédiatriques, and published in this same issue of the Archives de pédiatrie.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

[Peanut allergy].

Clinical manifestations of peanut allergy are miscellanous extending from simple itching to anaphylactic shock. They may appear early in life. The diagnosis relies upon history, prick tests, specific IgE dosage, and if necessary oral challenge test. Most often peanut allergy is longstanding requiring a complete exclusion of peanut from the food. In addition peanut oil being a frequent hidden allergen, it is recommended that any patient with recognized peanut allergy carries a first aid kit to be used in case of allergic accident.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Lack of submicroscopic rearrangements involving telomeres in reproductive failures.

BACKGROUND: It has been recognized that chromosomal abnormalities are one of the most important causes of the high mortality rate in human concepti. Among these abnormalities, the unbalanced transmission of a parental chromosomal rearrangement is frequently observed, and couples with a history of pregnancy losses are therefore referred for genetic counselling and to establish their karyotype. Unbalanced chromosomal rearrangements involving telomeres are emerging as an important cause of mental retardation and/or congenital malformations in humans. As suggested by several authors, they could also be responsible for recurrent miscarriages. The aim of this study was to screen cryptic chromosome abnormalities in couples referred to our laboratory for recurrent unexplained miscarriages. METHODS AND RESULTS: Karyotyping was performed in 57 couples (114 patients). A detectable chromosomal abnormality was diagnosed in seven cases, thus limiting the analysis of telomeres to only 100 patients. Two different protocols were used according to the number of metaphases on slides. No telomeric chromosome abnormality was detected in our study. CONCLUSION: The use of FISH telomeric probes is not of clinical interest in the systematic screening of couples with multiple miscarriages and should be performed only in those with a familial history of mental retardation and congenital malformations.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2002

Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in asymptomatic pregnant women in France.

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in two different populations of asymptomatic pregnant women from different geographic origins during two separate time periods. A retrospective study of consecutive sera obtained from 169 and 302 asymptomatic pregnant women in 1990 and 1999, respectively, was carried out. The global H. pylori seroprevalences for 1990 and 1999 were 21.3 and 21.5% (where P is nonsignificant), respectively. For both periods the H. pylori seroprevalences were significantly higher in non-French pregnant women (66.6 and 50.6%) than in French pregnant women (18.7 and 11.2%) (P = 0.01 and 0.001, respectively). H. pylori seroprevalence in French pregnant women decreased significantly from the first period (18.7%) to the second one (11.2%) (P = 0.03).

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Low levels of pancreatic elastase 1 in stools of preterm infants.

The amount of faecal pancreatic enzyme elastase 1 was significantly lower in 42 preterm newborns than in 12 full term babies at day 2 (89 (3-539) v 354 (52-600) microg/g, p<0.0007) and day 5 (164 (3-600) v 600 (158-600) microg/g, p<0.05) and correlated positively with total nutrient intake during the first week of life in preterm infants. This should probably be taken into account during early feeding.

Feces↗