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Biomedical subjects

C Dupont

Publications and source records attributed to C Dupont.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Food-induced alterations of intestinal permeability in children with cow's milk-sensitive enteropathy and atopic dermatitis.

Intestinal permeability was evaluated by measuring the excretion of two orally absorbed (0.1 g/kg of weight) nonmetabolizable markers, mannitol and lactulose. In 39 controls, the lactulose/mannitol urinary ratio (L/M ratio) was 2.45 +/- 1.01% during fasting and remained stable after food ingestion. In 12 children with cow's milk-sensitive enteropathy under an exclusion diet, the L/M ratio was comparable with that of controls during fasting and exhibited a threefold rise during a provocation intestinal permeability test (IPT) with milk. In 28 children with atopic dermatitis (AD), the fasting IPT L/M ratio was significantly higher than in controls (3.60 +/- 3.31%). This rise was related to an increase of lactulose urinary clearance. A provocation IPT with food induced significant L/M ratio changes only in the group in which the food was proved to be responsible for the exacerbation of skin lesions. We concluded that in cow's milk-sensitive enteropathy, an IPT allows a good evaluation of mucosal reactivity to milk, and in AD, permeability changes are present in at least some cases with cutaneous lesions clearly related to food ingestion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Milk lactose malabsorption in Gabon measured by the breath hydrogen test.

It is usual to consider that the greatest part of the black African population is lactose intolerant. Also, milk lactose malabsorption was studied by a breath hydrogen technique in 87 Gabonese children and 20 Gabonese adults (central Africa). The prevalence of malabsorption was 64.2% in rural schoolchildren, 65% in the urban hospitalized, and 60% in adults. Twelve children and six adults had clinical symptoms after a lactose load. All subjects were Bantus, with no tradition of consuming dairy products. These data must be considered in programs of nutritional support in Africa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

V.D.R.L. test.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A new model: bipediculated dorsal flap of hairless rat for cutaneous blood flow evaluation.

To study the influence of cutaneous blood flow upon the transdermal penetration of drugs, an original in vivo model, the bipediculated dorsal flap (BDF) of the hairless rat is described. This model is constituted by a dorsal cutaneous muff on both sides of the spinal column. The blood circulation was maintained symmetrically on both skin insertion pedicles. Two radiotracers, 86Rb and 201Tl (respective half-lives: 18 and 3 days), known to measure nutritional blood flows, are compared in this model. In the back skin, over and under the flap, mean blood flow (expressed as percentage of injected dose per gram skin) was similar with Rb (9.5 +/- 3.1) x 10(-2) and Tl (10.2 +/- 2.1) x 10(-2). Equivalent values were obtained in BDF skin (non ligated pedicle): Rb (8.4 +/- 1.3) x 10(-2), Tl (9.5 +/- 2.7) x 10(-2). In BDF skin, cutaneous blood flow was lower by 70-91% in the ligated pedicle (compared to the nonligated) for both radioisotopes. Identical 86Rb and 201Tl distributions suggest the use of 201Tl for further experiments of cutaneous blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Recto-colic polyps in the child. Analysis of 183 cases].

Between January 1974 and April 1988, 1,533 colonoscopy were carried out in children less than 15 years old. Two hundred and seventy-four polyps were demonstrated in 183 children (106 boys, 77 girls, mean age: 6 years). The main symptom in most cases was rectal bleeding during defecation. A family history of polyps or digestive cancer was found in 6% of all patients. Two hundred and thirty-nine polyps were removed by endoscopic resection, 232 of them by the diathermic snare and 7 by William's hot biopsy technique. Histological examination of 129 polyps revealed a juvenile polyp in 125 cases, an hyperplastic polyp in 2 cases, a lymphoid polyp in 1 case and an adenoma in 1 case. No complications were observed except for one case each of hemorrhage and perforation following endoscopic polypectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Esophagogastroduodenitis in the newborn. Apropos of 32 cases].

Inflammatory lesions involving esophagus, stomach and duodenum are frequent in neonates and run a benign course. Thirty-two cases of esophagogastritis associated with duodenitis in 28% of cases were studied. Presenting symptoms included nonspecific symptoms such as feeding difficulties (15 cases), G-I bleeding (14 cases), regurgitation (14 cases) and/or impaired weight gain (4 cases). No precipitating factor could be identified. The diagnosis was established by endoscopy. Gastro-esophageal reflux, which seemed to be secondary to the mucosal lesions, required an anti-reflux treatment, which led to a rapid clinical recovery. Repeat endoscopy invariably showed an improvement or complete recovery of the mucosal lesions which did not seem to be influenced by antacid treatment. The etiology and pathogenesis of neonatal esophagogastroduodenitis remain undetermined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment using Motilium of gastro-esophageal reflux associated with respiratory manifestations in children].

Eighteen children aged 1 month to 12 years 8 months (mean age, 4.9 years) with pH-metry proven gastroesophageal reflux (GOR)-associated chronic respiratory disorders were treated with Motilium, 2 mg/kg/d in four divided doses, for three months. The incidence of each of the respiratory manifestations decreased, and their cumulative score improved significantly at the end of the treatment period. Patient daily self-assessment scores also fell, but not significantly. Twenty-one hour pH recordings showed a significant reduction in the duration of nocturnal episodes below 4 (2.8 +/- 0.9% versus 8.2 +/- 2.6%, p less than 0.05). No side effects were recorded. Domperidone provides satisfactory control of nocturnal GOR and therefore emerges as a valuable agent for the treatment of chronic GOR-associated respiratory disorders in childhood.

Asthma↗
PubMed1988

Effects of five alpha-blockers on the hypogastric nerve stimulation of the canine lower urinary tract.

Electrical stimulation of the hypogastric nerve increased both urethral and bladder pressures of anaesthetized male dogs, without affecting cardiovascular parameters. Intravenous injections of prazosin, phentolamine, thymoxamine, phenoxybenzamine and yohimbine inhibited the urethral pressure increase in a dose-dependent manner, but the increase in bladder pressure was not modified by these alpha-blockers.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1988

Patient questionnaires in atopic dermatitis.

An allergy questionnaire, directed to people suffering with atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma or hay fever was analysed in 81 people (44 men, 37 women), proved to be less important for patients with atopic dermatitis than for those with bronchial asthma and hay fever.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Measurement of intestinal permeability to sugars: application in the diagnosis of celiac disease and cow's milk protein enteropathy].

Intestinal permeability to macromolecules was studied by measuring differential urinary elimination of two orally ingested non-metabolizable sugars of different molecular size, mannitol and lactulose. In 25 control children, mannitol and lactulose urinary elimination were 16.30 +/- 5.77% and 0.33 +/- 0.10% of ingested dose, respectively, with a mean lactulose/mannitol (M/M) urinary ratio of 2.73 +/- 0.70%. In 7 celiac children, L/M ratio exhibited a significant rise: 8.53 +/- 2.54% (p less than 0.001). In 7 children with cow's milk sensitive enteropathy under exclusion diet, L/M ratio was normal in fasting condition: 2.63 +/- 1.28% and raised significantly during provocation test with milk: 7.22 +/- 3.88% (p less than 0.01). Intestinal permeability test is a reliable index of villous atrophy and cow's milk sensitive enteropathy.

Celiac Disease↗