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Biomedical subjects

C Dumont

Publications and source records attributed to C Dumont.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Pantomime recognition impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

This study was designed to examine whether 10 AD patients with diffuse lesions and an early semantic deficit could comprehend the meaning of pantomimes and symbolic gestures. We especially wanted to determine the relationship between pantomime recognition and production. The tasks involved naming or showing an understanding (e.g., circumlocutions) of the pantomimes executed by the examiner and producing pantomimes to verbal command or to imitation. The results showed no significant relationship between pantomime comprehension and pantomime production. However, 60% of AD patients performed poorly compared to controls on the Gesture Recognition task. Gesture comprehension was highly correlated with a measure of global cognitive impairment (3MS). The data are consistent with the proposed separation of comprehension and action production systems in a cognitive model of praxis. Gesture comprehension may be diffusely distributed and thus preserved in the early stages of AD as in circumscribed lesions of the left parietal lobe.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications and radiological measurements in the evaluation of pulmonary artery hypertension].

Different radiologic indexes and measurements proposed in the evaluation of pulmonary artery hypertensión (PAH) were reviewed. The postero-anterior chest roentgenograms of 250 subjects were studied. In all cases the pulmonary artery pressure was known from cardiac catheterization. The diameter of the right pulmonary artery was larger than 1.7 mm. in 45% of cases with PAH. The pulmonary-lobar-transverse-thoracic index (PL/T) was abnormal (+38%) in 74% of cases with PAH, and normal in cases with increased pulmonary flow. The index of Ozawa, distance between the midline and the more prominent portion of the pulmonary arch, related to the transverse diameter of the left hemithorax overestimated the mean pulmonary pressure when normal and underestimated the same with PAH. A new index is described. The relation of the right pulmonary artery with the transverse diameter of the hemithorax on the same side (r/h index). It was abnormal in 24% of the cases with PAH and it was always normal in cases with increased pulmonary flow. The more sensitive and specific measurement seems to be the PL/T index.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stable fibrous subaortic stenosis].

The authors studied 37 patients belonging to the Pediatric Cardiology Service of the Institute National of Cardiology who were carriers of fixed fibrinous subaortic stenosis. The diagnosis was established by surgery or autopsy. Isolated subvalvular obstruction was found in 24 patients (63%), which represents the most important number of cases in the literature. The analysis of the 24 cases permitted important conclusions: 1. All the patients had systolic thrills in the suprasternal hollow and carotidinous pathways. 2. No case had protosystolic click. In all, the murmur's epicenter was in the 3rd and 4th IIS in the parasternal line, a fact which can lead to a mistaken diagnosis of interventricular septal defect. 66.6% of the patients had a diastolic murmur heard in the aortic focus, a secondary accompaniement to secondary valvular aortic insufficiency. The intensity of the second aortic sound held an inverse relationship to the magnitude of the gradient. The presence of paradoxic splitting of the second heart sound as well as prolongation of the expulsion period in the carotidogram are indexes for the severity of the obstruction. 3. A relationship between the severity of the lesion and the dilatation of the left atrium was found. The cardiomegaly had no relationship to the severity of the obstruction with the increase in ventricular telediastolic pressure or to the evolution time. 4. An adequate hemodynamic study permits evaluating and locating the site of the obstruction. Likewise, precise ventriculography appraises the nature of the narrowing. 5. Aortic regurgitation is located at the valvular level. Aortography permits its affirmation. Probably the stream coming from subvalvular stenosis produces fibrosis or asynchronism in the closing of the aortic valves. 6. Surgical treatment offers excelent perspectives in mortality as well as reducing the gradient. None of our patients operated on had hospital or later death. 7. Postoperatory evaluation was performed on six patients, and by means of measuring the gradient between the left ventricle and the aorta, the good surgical results could be demonstrated. 8. The natural evolution of patients with fixed fibrous subaortic stenosis is similar to that of other forms of congenital aortic stenosis. Taking into consideration this concept, and before the low risk (0%) in this type of surgery, this is the treatment of choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Familial occurrence of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Report of a family group and review of the literature].

A family group of nine members was studied, two of which had W-P-W syndrome; the father type A; and the son type B. These two patients were studied from the clinical electrocardiographic and vectocardiographic point of view; and they were subject to hisian electrogram recordings. The atrial-ventricular conduction under basal conditions and during atrial stimulation is analyzed. In the first case, potential H is registered after the beginning of delta wave of the ventricular complexes in lead II. In th second case, atrial-ventricular conduction can only occur through the abnormal via (no H potential and register of delta wave in the periferial simultaneous lead), or only through the normal via (evidence of potential H with a normal H-V interval and no delta wave in the periferial line of control). The bibliography of the observation that in most family groups described up until now, there is a good correlation concerning sex. This gives the impression to be a genetic disorder linked to sex.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fixed fibrous subaortic stenosis. Postoperative evaluation].

Fibrous sub-aortic stenosis in 19 patients surgically treated is discussed. The clinical, radiologic, EKG and cardiac catheterization data in the pre and post-operative evaluations are reviewed. There were no surgical deaths in this series. In 14 cases post-operative cardiac catheterization was carried out, in 11 patients a significant decrease in the gradient was found. In 4 cases pharmacological testing was done during catheterization before and after surgery, without significant change in gradients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aneurysm of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum].

The membranous portion of the interventricular septum represents the final phase of the ventricular growth. It is situated between the orifice of the coronary sinus and the supraventricular crest; immediately below the right aortic semilunar valves and not the coronary. Four cases of aneurism of the membranous portion of the interventricular septum are presented; in two, the diagnosis was made by angiocardiography study and in the rest it was made with the findings of an autopsy. All were of the female sex. Two patients presented a systolic murmur in the low mesocardia; three had heart failure, two of which were secondary to an arteriovenous short circuit through an interventricular communication, and the other due to alternations in the automatism and in the atrioventricular circulation. One case had W-P-W, type A and during its evolution presented paroxysms of atrial fibrillation and flutter, variable degrees of atrioventricular block with Stokes-Adams syndrome and ventricular fibrillation. In one case an obstruction at the level of the outflow tract of the right ventricle was suspected through phonocardiographic studies, and was confirmed subsequently with hemodynamic study. This same case presented a protosystolic aortic snap, at 0.13-0.14 sec. of the q wave of the electrocardiogram, described as of value for the diagnosis of this malformation. In two cases the angiocardiographic study showed the presence of the aneurism in the membranous portion of the interventricular septum, in one, it was visualized in the posterioanterior projection and in another in the lateral. One of the specimens had the aneurism adhered to the tricuspid septal valve, and also a fissure which communicated the left ventricle with the right atrium. In the other, the aneurismal sac was located below the septal valve of the tricuspid, producing a distortion in the anatomical architecture of the atrioventricular orifice.

Autopsy↗