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Biomedical subjects

C Dumont

Publications and source records attributed to C Dumont.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Varying mercury exposure with varying food source in a James Bay Cree community.

James Bay Quebec Crees are exposed to methylmercury (MM) through fish consumption. Hair mercury concentrations were measured in women of child-bearing age and men and women 40 years of age and above in a small Cree community of James Bay (with traditionally low exposure to MM) before and after fishing expeditions to inland lakes where fish were contaminated with methylmercury. Median hair mercury concentrations in persons 40 years and above increased from 4.1 mg/kg to 9.9 mg/kg and the highest value from 17.4 to 47.2 mg/kg. A similar increase was seen after a second fishing expedition where the median hair concentration increased from 3.4 mg/kg to 7.2 mg/kg and the highest value from 17.7 to 49.9 mg/kg. Populations with traditionally low exposure to MM can become highly exposed with changes in sources or quantities of fish consumed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Methaemoglobinemia induced by a low dose of prilocaïne during interscalenic block.

Methaemoglobinemia is a rare but well known complication of the use of prilocaïne in locoregional anaesthesia. We report a case of methaemoglobinemia following the administration of a low dose of prilocaïne for an interscalenic bloc. We suggest some hypotheses to explain this phenomenon. This case illustrates the necessity of pulse oximetry monitoring in all patients receiving prilocaïne during locoregional anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Descriptive epidemiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the James Bay Cree population of Quebec, Canada.

In July 1989, 230 non-insulin-dependent subjects were identified in the James Bay Cree population through medical chart review of physician diagnosed diabetes mellitus cases. Data extracted from the medical files included type and rate of complications, life-style, anthropomorphic and metabolic descriptors as well as clinical care practices. Mean age at diagnosis was 48.3 years and mean duration of illness at time of study was 60.4 months. Furthermore, 77.3% were overweight and 65.4% obese. Microvascular disease (diabetic nephropathy or retinopathy) was the most frequent group of complications (19.6%). Moreover, 76.4% of the Cree diabetics showed poor glycemic control. Diet combined with oral hypoglycemic medication was the current treatment of choice. A medical practice profile was produced in order to provide a comparison basis with recommended baseline care. Diabetes is becoming a major illness in the native population of Canada. Health promotion strategies are of some urgency in order to contribute to the control of diabetes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Encephalitis among Cree children in northern Quebec.

We report a neurological disease among Cree Indian children in a northern Quebec village. The disease manifests as severe mental retardation, cerebral atrophy with white matter changes and calcifications, and systemic immunological abnormalities. Eleven cases are known in five families. The familial incidence of cases and the high degree of parental consanguinity suggest a genetic contribution. We propose that this entity may be caused by an unusual viral infection in a genetically vulnerable host.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Leukoencephalopathy among native Indian infants in northern Quebec and Manitoba.

We report 14 cases of a severe familial leukoencephalopathy among native North American Indian infants in northern Quebec and Manitoba. Affected infants have hypotonia and mild motor delay, followed by seizures, hypotonia or spasticity, eye deviation, and abnormal posture during a febrile illness around 6 months of age. Death follows a rigid, vegetative state that manifests days to months after disease onset and is marked in some cases by prominent autonomic disturbances, blindness, and cessation of head growth. Symmetrical hemispheric white matter lucencies and diffuse hypomyelination of the cerebral hemispheres and brainstem are the radiological and pathological hallmarks. This disease differs from the known diseases of cerebral myelin. An autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance awaits statistical confirmation. The proposed cause is a delay in development or abnormal turnover of central nervous system myelin.

Brain↗
PubMed1988

[Suppurated pneumococcal meningitis in infants and children: complications and prognostic factors].

This paper investigates 21 patients (16 infants and 5 children) with Pneumococcal meningitis, 15 of which presented with a severe form. Intracranial pressure (IP) monitoring was performed in 7 patients who all had severe (4) or mild (3) intracranial hypertension (IH). Twelve children had a favourable outcome, 7 had sequelae (3 severe) and 2 died from coning, one before monitoring, the second after exhibiting the highest IP and the lowest cerebral perfusion pressure of the series. The 3 children with severe sequelae had a severe form (2) or a mild but prolonged form (1) of IH. The 4 patients who recovered with moderate sequelae presented severe (1), mild IH (1) or were not monitored (2). There were 14 cases with neurological complications. In 8 patients, this seemed to be related to cerebral oedema and IH; coning caused the death of 2 of them; the 6 others exhibited lesions of cerebral oedema on CT-scan, isolated or associated with cerebral infarction or subdural effusion. In the 6 others patients, IP monitoring was not performed; there was no evidence of cerebral oedema on CT-scan; 2 exhibited cerebral infarction and 3 a moderate ventricular dilatation; 2 had hemodynamic problems from acute pneumococcemia in one case and neurovegetative disturbances associated with cerebral infarction in the second. Pneumococcus meningitis remains a severe disease. The prognosis of severe forms can be improved by IP monitoring since IH seems to be the most frequent mechanism of complication.

Brain Edema↗
PubMed1986

[Diffusion of ceftriaxone in human bone tissue].

Ceftriaxone diffusion into spongious and cortical bone after single 2 g dose by intravenous injection was studied in 40 patients undergoing total hip replacement. Serum and tissue assays were performed by HPLC and microbiological method 2, 4, 12 and 24 hours after administration. Both methods produced similar results. Antibiotic levels (HPLC) were 19.3 +/- 7.3; 16.9 +/- 9.2; 11.2 +/- 4.7 and 5.6 +/- 2.7 micrograms/g in spongious bone at hours 2, 4, 12 and 24, and 6.5 +/- 1.6; 3.1 +/- 0.7; 3.3 +/- 1.1 and 2.2 +/- 0.4 micrograms/g in cortical bone at the same times. The tissue/serum ratios were 14% for spongious bone and 5% for cortical bone after 2 hours. At hour 24 these ratios were 21% and 8% in spongious and cortical bone respectively. These tissue levels remain higher than ceftriaxone MIC for most Enterobacteriaceae strains until hour 24.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of high-frequency jet ventilation and conventional ventilation in the adult respiratory distress syndrome].

Sixteen adult patients with respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical respiratory assistance entered this study, the purpose of which was to obtain the same blood gas values under high frequency jet ventilation as under conventional ventilation. When high frequency jet ventilation without spontaneous breathing was compared to continuous positive pressure ventilation, peak airway pressure was the same, but mean airway pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure and pleural pressure were higher and cardiac index lower. When high frequency jet ventilation with spontaneous breathing was compared to intermittent mandatory ventilation, peak airway pressure was lower, mean airway pressure and positive end-expiratory pressure were higher, and pleural pressure and cardiac index were not different.

Adult↗