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Biomedical subjects

C Dumitrescu

Publications and source records attributed to C Dumitrescu.

99 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The dynamic of impaired glucose tolerance in women with fetal gigantism.

In a group of 51 women who had given birth to giant children, the glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed at entry in the study and after intervals of 6 to 12 years. The results of the first determination, estimated according to the WHO's criteria (1980), have revealed an impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in 7 cases (14%); the second determination showed IGT in 10 cases (20%) and diabetes mellitus in 2 (4%). Insulinemia assays, concomitant with the second performance of GTT, showed the highest values in the diabetic subjects, moderate values in those with IGT, and low values in those with normal glucose tolerance. The presence of obesity in some cases could not be considered as fully responsible for the glucose tolerance impairment in the women with fetal gigantism. The dynamics of glucose tolerance disorders showed variations in time, i.e. the initial pathologic changes were no more recorded on the second testing in the same subjects, while women with normal initial GTT showed high insulinemia or IGT on the second determination.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Etiology of cranial diabetes insipidus in 164 adults.

The etiology of cranial diabetes insipidus (CDI) in adult patients has been studied in 164 cases hospitalized in the "G. I. Parhon" Institute of Endocrinology, over the last 10 years. Of those, 109 cases (66,9%) had the idiopathic form whereas 55 had secondary CDI. In the latter group, the most frequently encountered etiologies were traumatic (surgical and accidental head trauma) and tumoral (the primary hypothalamo-pituitary tumors and the metastatic ones had the same incidence). Sex distribution shows males and females to be equally affected. Fifteen cases (9,2%) showed associated allergic syndromes due to the wide use of posterior pituitary powder in Romania. The association of pregnancy with CDI was observed in 13 patients, and a normal evolution of gestation and delivery in 9 patients under therapy with desmopressin (DDAVP). The authors suggest that, at present, there is an increasing incidence both of posttraumatic CDI in adults and of well borne pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of the purine metabolism in obese patients during a slimming diet.

Uric acid assays were performed in the blood serum from 20 obese patients (19 women and 1 man, with a mean age of 39.75 +/- 8.16 years), before and after an average period of three weeks of hypocaloric diet (400-500 cal/day) during which they lost about 8 kg of body weight each. The variations of uricemia were followed up in relation with the weight loss and with the presence or absence of changes in the plasma lipid values. The mean rise of uricemia in the whole lot of subjects, as well as in those who lost more than 8 kg b.w. were weakly significant, as compared to the initial values. In the patients distributed according to the changes of lipid values, the increase was not significant. In conditions of rapid weight loss, even when the diet was supplemented by 70 g proteins/day, the serum uric acid values rose up to the limit of plasma urate solubility. This imposes a periodical check-up of uricemia, at the beginning, in the course and at the end of the periods of rapid weight loss, in view of detecting and correcting the eventual disorders which might occur in such conditions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The behaviour of some biologic parameters in obese patients after short-term exercise under restrictive diets.

Seven obese female patients with a mean age of 40 have received for 3-4 days a diet of 1000 cal followed by a diet of 300 cal/day. At the end of each period of diet, the patients performed an exercise of 75 watts for 15 min on the ergometric bicycle. Some biologic parameters determined before, as well as 15 min and 60 min after exercise did not show important differences in terms of the diet applied. Glycemia was constantly low, while glucagon, lactate and free fatty acids (FFA) values rose, particularly within the 15 min following exercise. After the same interval, insulinemia was unchanged or even increased. These results support the opinion that, even under restrictive diets, the reaction of obese patients to a short-term exercise is similar to that of normal weight subjects, their sources of energy being the same. The behaviour of insulinemia, which did not change or even increased, while in normal weight subjects it decreases on exercise, might be due to a lesser epinephrine activity in obese patients and/or a lesser FFA release from the adipose tissue.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Particular features of clinical pellagra.

The follow-up of an important number of patients during the last three decades has shown a substantial difference between the clinical description of pellagra in the 40's (the triad: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia) and its clinical aspects today: sun-exposed teguments revealing erythema and rapidly becoming pigmented and parchment like, dried, parched lips, angular stomatitis, lead like sclera fine cornea vascularization; gastro-intestinal disturbances: constipation, unjustified diarrhea, strange migratory abdominal feelings accompanied by ubiquitous dysesthesias. Other characteristics of this form of disease are: unexpressive look, continuously concerned, thoughtful, anxious or frowning, labile mind, headaches, insomnia. Villager's neurosis sometimes may be considered, in an appropriate clinical context, as a facet of nutritional deficiency. It is considered that the "classical" features of pellagra have changed due to: protein ingestion slightly below the lowest normal limit, decrease of strenuous physical activity and some associated diseases (frequently gastrointestinal disorders, chronic alcoholism).

Diet↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired glucose tolerance in the third trimester of pregnancy: associated factors to its persistence postpartum.

Glucose tolerance (75 g OGTT, according WHO) during the third trimester of pregnancy, in 302 women, has formerly been evaluated. Of these, 37 women were reinvestigated, with the same methodology, in absence of pregnancy and lactation, 2 years postpartum. According to oral glucose tolerance three groups were differentiated: group A (n = 14) with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) both in pregnancy and postpartum. Group B1 (n = 12) with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in pregnancy but NGT postpartum. Group B2 (n = 11) with IGT both in pregnancy and postpartum. B2 group had increased values (mean + SD) for age (37.0 +/- 6.6 years) versus B1 (30.2 +/- 5.5; p < 0.02) and A (29.5 +/- 5.9); p < 0.02) groups and BMI (32.5 +/- 4.2) versus 26.4 +/- 5.2; p < 0.01 and 23.3 +/- 4.4; p < 0.001 respectively). The ratio between basal insulinogenic indexes (microU IRI/mg BG) during pregnancy and 2 years postpartum has been significantly reduced in B1 (1.4 +/- 0.8) and B2 (1.5 +/- 0.6) as compared to A (2.5 +/- 1.1; p < 0.01) group suggesting, by comparison, the persistence of an increased level of insulin resistance postpartum in B1 and B2 groups. Insulinogenic index, after oral glucose was lower in B2 (34.4 +/- +/- 7.8) versus B1 (53.5 +/- 20.9; p < 0.01) group. These results suggest that, on an increased insulin resistance background, the decrease in glucose induced insulin response and increase in age and BMI are associated to deterioration of glucose tolerance early in the natural history of NIDDM.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic B-cell culture after intravitam B-cell selection with nitric pilocarpine and modified B-technique use.

Our purpose was intravitam selection of endocrine pancreatic tissue. We decided to use 3% nitric pilocarpine as oral treatment for normal Wistar rats. This experiment was made on 12 male normal Wistar rats, 8 of them receiving 0.025 ml 3% nitric pilocarpine in a single daily dose, for 7 days. In the next 3-4 days, all of these have demonstrated clinical picture of exocrine pancreatic failure leading finally to death. Animals have received ad libitum food-intake. During this period, the study group has demonstrated glycemia values between 65...75 mg/dl vs. 68...85 mg/dl for normal group. The histological picture of study group's pancreatic pieces demonstrated intensive necrobiotic changes for exocrine components, but normal features for the exocrine ones. Furthermore we have obtained primary monolayer cultures of this dominant B-cell tissue, using a modified B-technique. Our results demonstrated the greatest percentage of B-cells on the cultures, in comparison with the non-using pilocarpine method (other studies). The presence of mega-beta-islet cells in primary cultures, as well as the lack of fibroblast population, demonstrated the efficiency of this method.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical manifestations in the West Nile virus outbreak.

During the summer of 1996 an unusual clustering of meningoencephalitis cases was recorded in the Capital City, Bucharest, and in some areas from South-East Romania. After an initial suspicion of an enteroviral etiology was discarded, the West Nile etiology was confirmed by specific antibodies demonstration through hemagglutination-inhibition and ELISA tests. This study included 251 patients with the diagnoses of West Nile acute encephalitis (166 cases), acute meningitis (57 cases) and acute febrile disease (33 cases). The patients' age ranged from 1 to 89 years (mean 51.1 years). The most frequent clinical manifestations were: fever (95.7% of cases), cephalalgia (92.6%), stiffness of the neck (89.1%), vomiting (62.5%), marked asthenia (46.5%), myalgia (28.9%). In addition, patients with encephalitis exhibited: alteration of consciousness (89.2% of cases), tremor of extremities (40.4%), ataxia (44%), paralysis (15.1%). The fatality rate was 15.1% in acute encephalitis, 1.8% in acute meningitis and 0% in the acute febrile disease.

Adult↗