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Biomedical subjects

C Dudok de Wit

Publications and source records attributed to C Dudok de Wit.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Results of 1-year screening of donors in The Netherlands for human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I: significance of Western blot patterns for confirmation of HTLV infection.

BACKGROUND: Between January 1993 and January 1994, Dutch blood banks screened approximately 674,000 volunteer donors for the presence of antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Confirmatory testing was performed on samples from 870 different anti-HTLV-I-reactive donors (0.13% of the total tested). RESULTS: According to the authors' Western blot (WB) interpretation criteria, 15 (0.002%) donors tested HTLV-I-positive in the WB; 201 tested negative, and 654 (75% of donors reacting on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) tested indeterminate. Fresh samples from 234 of 870 anti-HTLV-reactive donors were tested for HTLV-I and type II (HTLV-II) DNA by polymerase chain reaction: all 15 WB-positive donors tested positive for HTLV-I DNA; 206 WB-indeterminate and 13 WB-negative donors tested negative for HTLV-I and -II DNA. Application of the manufacturer's (World Health Organization-based) guidelines for WB interpretation would have resulted in the misclassification of 48 (23%) of 206 polymerase chain reaction-negative donors as HTLV-I/II-positive. Risk factors were present in 14 of 15 HTLV-I-infected donors: 8 had a partner from an HTLV-I-endemic area, 4 were from HTLV-I-endemic countries, and 2 had received blood transfusions. CONCLUSION: HTLV-I and -II infection is rare among Dutch blood donors. HTLV screening will prevent few cases of HTLV-related disease, but it will prevent a further spread of the virus by transfusion. In a low-risk population, conservative guidelines for WB interpretation unnecessarily generate an excess of false-positive results.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1993

[Prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I among Dutch blood donors].

OBJECTIVE. To establish the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I among Dutch blood donors. DESIGN. Study to confirm screening results. SETTING. Central Laboratory of the Blood Transfusion Service of the Dutch Red Cross, section Virus Diagnostics, Amsterdam. METHOD. The majority (550,000) of the Dutch blood donors were tested in the course of 1993 for presence of HTLV antibodies. For serological confirmation using the Western Blot test, 20 of the 22 Dutch blood banks sent in blood samples of 714 donors found positive at HTLV screening. Material of 36 of these donors was suitable for testing using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for DNA of HTLV types I and II. RESULTS. The Western Blot confirmation test confirmed HTLV infection of 10 of the 714 blood donors; eight of these samples, examined with the PCR test, proved to be positive for DNA of HTLV I. In 537 of the 714 ELISA-reactive donors, the Western Blot test gave doubtful results. The PCR test for HTLV I/II DNA was negative in 26 of these samples, but the possibility could not be excluded that there were HTLV carriers among the other donors with a doubtful Western blot test result. With inclusion of the four donors infected with HTLV I that had been detected earlier, the prevalence of HTLV I among Dutch blood donors is found to be 1:39,000.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1990

[Revised definition of the concept rhesus-negative blood donor; practical experiences].

In 1987 the Central Medical Blood-transfusion Committee of the Netherlands Red Cross decided to modify their definition of 'Rh-negative' as it applied to blood donors. Until then the term Rh-negative had been reserved for donations that grouped as C- and E-negative and failed to react with IgG anti-D by the indirect antiglobulin test (IAT). From June 1987, however, donations were considered to be Rh-negative if they failed to react with two strong anti-D sera. An evaluation is presented over the first one and a half years of working with the new definition, the problems that were encountered and the measures that are taken to guarantee the quality of Rh testing.

Blood Banks↗
PubMed1968

Prevention of rhesus immunization. A controlled clinical trial with a comparatively low dose of anti-D immunoglobulin.

A controlled clinical trial was carried out to test the effectiveness of a comparatively low dose of anti-D immunoglobulin (250 mug) in preventing rhesus immunization.In the control group 17 out of 329 women (5%) formed rhesus antibodies, whereas in the treated group only 3 out of 333 women (0.9%) showed active immunization, all three of whom had an exceptionally large transplacental bleeding.

Antibody Formation↗