The Dutch polymath.
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History, 20th Century↗
Biomedical subjects
C Diamond
Publications and source records attributed to C Diamond.
The effects of cimetidine and ranitidine with and without metoclopramide on gastric volume and pH in morbidly obese patients.
The efficacy of preanaesthetic intravenous cimetidine versus ranitidine with and without metoclopramide for acid aspiration prophylaxis was assessed in 60 morbidly obese patients in a double-blind manner. Group 1 patients received cimetidine 300 mg + saline. Group 2 patients received cimetidine 300 mg + metoclopramide 10 mg. Group 3 patients received ranitidine 100 mg + saline. Group 4 patients received ranitidine 100 mg + metoclopramide 10 mg. Gastric fluid was aspirated for analysis of volume and pH following induction of anaesthesia. All four premedication regimens were equally effective in reducing the gastric volume and acidity and the inclusion of metoclopramide had no additive effect. Although statistically not significant, two patients in the cimetidine groups remained at risk (volume greater than 25 ml and pH less than 2.5) while no patients in the ranitidine groups remained so.
Adult↗
Evaluation of cerebral infarction by computed tomography with special emphasis on microinfarction.
Computed tomography has proved to be the most effective mode of evaluating cerebral infarction in 143 documented cases. This was especially true when multiple focal infarcts were present. The incidence of contrast enhancement in acute infarcts was 88%. Concomitant acute and old infarcts were observed in 20% of cases. In the acute stage of stroke, radionuclide studies are preferable to contrast angiography since the latter may aggravate the pre-existing focal ischemia. Follow-up CT and radionuclide scans were extremely useful in confirming the diagnosis and demonstrating various postinfarction sequelae.
Adult↗
Relative detectability of intracranial calcifications on computed tomography and skull radiography.
Phantom studies comparing skull radiography and cranial computed tomography (CT) show that CT is 5 to 15 times more sensitive than skull radiography in the detection of intracranial calcifications. The difference in detectability varies with object size. The relative sensitivity of CT increases with increased object size within the constraints of the section thickness. The relationship of these findings to the detectability of pineal and choroid calcifications is discussed.
Brain↗
Angiographic diagnosis of teleangiectases with cavernous angioma of the posterior fossa. Report of two cases.
Two cases of pontine vascular malformation with a characteristic venous angiographic appearance are reported. Both patients had a slowly progressive clinical course, normal spinal fluid, and evidence of a pontine mass. In the late venous phase, large abnormal vessels were seen to coverage towards the midline from each cerebellar hemisphere. The abnormal vessels were microscopically identified as teleangiectases in one of the cases. Both cases had pontine hematomas, originating from a cavernous angioma in one of them; in the other the exact origin of the bleeding could not be determined. It is concluded that in cases with a progressive pontine syndrome the characteristic appearance of the venous phase of angiography may indicate a bleeding pontine vascular malformation.
Adult↗
Recent treatment of progressive muscular dystrophy.
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Adolescent↗
Decompression of the facial nerve in Bell's palsy: a historical review.
This year, 1981, is the 50th anniversary of facial nerve decompression for Bell's palsy. The procedure was first suggested in 1923 but not performed until 1931. From the start, facial nerve decompression has generated disagreement regarding the indication and timing for surgical treatment and the anatomic extent of decompression. In each decade as the postonset time within which to perform surgical intervention has decreased, the anatomic extent of decompression has increased. Otologists continue to disagree, and we need to reevaluate our past and analyze how the difference may be resolved in the future. This critical review, in chronologic order, of the history and present status of facial nerve decompression is the necessary first step in resolving some of the persistent problems in surgical management of patients with Bell's palsy.
Facial Nerve↗
Captive rage.
Providing dental care for the sexual abuse survivor requires a mixture of technical and interpersonal skills. It is often necessary to counteract the effects of long term dental neglect complicated by the psychological aspects of the oral cavity. Feelings of loss of control of an important psychologically and sexually charged area must be dealt with effectively. Dentists must be flexible in their approach to the patient, yet never compromise the standard of care. Examination of case histories provides illustrations and examples.
Adult↗