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Biomedical subjects

C DeAngelis

Publications and source records attributed to C DeAngelis.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Achieving optimal immunization levels in school-age children.

In a school-based immunization program in four states, 70% of the students were fully immunized by the end of the first year and 85% by the end of the second year. Because of student turnover, 20% of the immunization levels achieved by the end of a school year were not sustained into the subsequent year. Levels reported by the state immunization officers were higher than those recorded by school personnel. Completed immunization series for students requiring immunizations were 33% to 40% higher for students enrolled at the start of the year than for students who entered during the school year. Students who were unimmunized at the beginning of the year had a better change (P less than 0.001) of being immunized by the end of the year than those whose immunization status was unknown. To maintain high levels, a program must be sustained and continuing, provide immunizations, and have careful administrative monitoring of child-specific population-based data. Schools are uniquely able to provide all of these elements, which can augment the efforts of private practitioners.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Comparative values of school physical examinations and mass screening tests.

In this study mass screenings identified more problems than did physical examinations, but more problems per 100 contacts were identified by physical examinations (51.6) than by screenings (4.7). When time necessary to accomplish the evaluation is considered, screenings are a more efficient way of identifying problems in the general diagnostic categories for which screenings can be provided, but most (85.8%) of the problems identified by physical examination were in categories for which screenings are not provided. Overall, 99.1% of the problems were identified without overlap between physical examinations and screenings. Eighty-three percent of the problems identified by physical examinations were previously unknown. By the end of the school year, 86.3% of the problems identified by physical examinations and 94.5% of those identified by screenings had been or were in the process of being resolved. The integration of physical examinations and screenings in a school setting, staffed by nurse practitioners supported by physicians, can maximize the identification and resolution of health problems.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Enzymuria as a marker of renal injury and disease: studies of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in the general population and in patients with renal disease.

Urinary excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was shown to be reproducible in random urine specimens when expressed as the ratio of NAG to milligrams of urinary creatinine. The enzyme/creatinine ratio in 815 healthy people was relatively constant throughout childhood and adult life except for the first two years after birth and in individuals 56 years or greater. High ratios in the young children may be explained by low urinary creatinine excretion probably related to small body mass and reduced glomerular filtration rate at this age. The ratio was increased in adult uremic patients and children and adults with a variety of neurologic and obstructive lesions of the voiding mechanism. The presence of bacteriuria did not appear to increase the ratio. Significant enzymuria (greater than 2 SD above the mean for age and sex) was detected in 38 of 81 children with well-characterized renal disease. Among patients with predominantly glomerular disorders there was a close relationship between activity of the disease and enzymuria. In patients with tubulointerstitial disease enzymuria was frequent even in the absence of proteinuria. One of the highest enzyme/creatinine ratios was observed in a child with cystinosis. These studies indicate that NAG enzymuria is a sensitive indicator of activity of renal disease and may prove to be a suitable screening test for significant renal disease or injury in childhood.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1966

Effect of temperature on the induction of interferons by endotoxin and virus.

Postic, Bosko (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.), Catherine DeAngelis, Mary K. Breinig, and Monto Ho. Effect of temperature on the induction of interferons by endotoxin and virus. J. Bacteriol. 91:1277-1281. 1966.-The effect of ambient and body temperature on interferon formation in rabbits injected intravenously with virus differed from that seen after injection of endotoxin. Newcastle disease virus-induced interferon (VII) was elevated by increasing ambient temperature to 35 C, whereas cooling of the rabbit at 4 C resulted in low VII levels. Neither of these conditions affected the titers of endotoxin-induced interferon (EII). However, a significant enhancement of EII levels was found in sera of shorn rabbits, in which the body temperature was lower than in unshorn animals by 1.0 to 1.5 F and the pyrogenic response to endotoxin was less by about 2 F. This enhancement of EII by relatively low body temperatures was also in striking contrast to the reported enhancing effect of high body temperature of the rabbit on the lethal action of endotoxin. It is suggested that the temperature optimum for formation of EII is lower than for formation of VII.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infectious illnesses in the first two years of life.

The number and types of infectious illnesses experienced in 1 year by 279 inner city infants younger than 12 months were examined and correlated with some personal and social attributes and the children. Only 24 (8.6%) infants incurred no infectious illnesses in 12 months. The children experienced an average of one episode of otitis media (OM), one upper respiratory illness and three total illnesses during the year. Only 7.5 and 2.2% of the children experienced more than two episodes of upper respiratory illnesses and gastroenteritis, respectively, but 19% of the infants incurred more than two episodes of OM. The months with the highest number of illnesses for both the entire cohort and the infants who were enrolled at 1 month or less of life were March-April and October-November. The months in which the fewest illnesses occurred were August-September for both groups. The only variable associated with an increased number of total illnesses was a personal history of eczema or allergy (P less than 0.01). No variables were found to be associated with the occurrences of pneumonia, gastroenteritis or upper respiratory illnesses. Multiple episodes of OM during the study period were associated with male sex (P less than 0.01), bottle feeding (p less than 0.05) and a history of OM before the onset of the study (P less than 0.01).

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compliance with follow-up appointments generated in a pediatric emergency room.

We studied all follow-up visits generated by initial emergency room (ER) visits made over the course of one year by patients enrolled in a pediatric primary care clinic (PCC). A total of 2,552 ER visits were made by 714 patients, 960 (37.6 percent) of these resulting in a follow-up visit. Of the 960, (82.4 percent) resulted in appointments to the PCC, with a 53.9 percent compliance rate; and 169 (17.6 percent) resulted in appointments to the ER, with an 89.3 percent compliance rate (p less than .001). Factors found to be associated with greater compliance with follow-up appointments were (1) the appointment being made to the ER rather than to the clinic, (2) the child being less than 18 months of age, (3) the patient having private insurance, and (4) an initial ER diagnosis of trauma, seizure, or burn. Factors found to be unrelated to compliance with follow-up visits were the patient's sex (when corrected for trauma cases), race, having a chronic condition, having a telephone, length of time as a clinic enrollee, distance from home to hospital, and type of primary provider (physician versus nurse practitioner).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of low-dose cimetidine on theophylline metabolism.

The effect of low doses of cimetidine on theophylline clearance and metabolism was studied. In a randomized, crossover study, 10 healthy men received oxtriphylline alone or with cimetidine. Oxtriphylline 200 mg (equivalent to theophylline 135 mg) was given orally every eight hours for 10 doses. Cimetidine 300 mg was given orally at bedtime for four days, beginning the same day as oxtriphylline treatment. At least 10 days separated study periods. In each study period, blood samples for plasma theophylline determinations were drawn 24 hours before the last dose of oxtriphylline, at the time of the last dose, and periodically up to 32 hours after the last dose. A 24-hour urine collection for quantification of theophylline and metabolite excretion was started at the time of the last oxtriphylline dose. Plasma theophylline clearance decreased significantly by a mean of 12.2% during cimetidine treatment. Area under the curve showed a significant mean increase of 17.4%. Increases in clearance and area under the curve values occurred in 9 of 10 subjects. In 6 of 10 subjects who had increases in theophylline trough concentrations, the mean increase was 28.2%; when all 10 subjects were considered, however, the mean increase was 10.3%, which was not significant. No significant differences in the urinary recoveries of theophylline or its metabolites were noted between study periods. Because of the decreases in theophylline clearance produced by low doses of cimetidine in this study, clinicians should monitor for potential theophylline toxicity in patients who receive these drugs concomitantly.

Adult↗