Biomedical subjects

C De Romeuf

Publications and source records attributed to C De Romeuf.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Reversibility of thrombin-induced decrease in platelet glycoprotein Ib function.

Thrombin induces a redistribution of glycoprotein (GP) Ib/GP IX complex from the platelet surface into the surface connected canalicular system (SCCS). This redistribution results in a reduced interaction of platelet GP Ib with von Willebrand factor (vWF) bound to subendothelium leading to impaired platelet adhesion. In this study we show that the platelet aggregation and degranulation require concentrations of thrombin above 0.05 U/ml, while the decrease in GP Ib function (about 50% of control value), as determined by ristocetin induced platelet agglutination, can be induced by lower concentrations (0.01-0.04 U/ml). Moreover, we show that when adding thrombin inhibitors to the platelets preincubated with < 0.04 U/ml thrombin for 5 min, their agglutinability by ristocetin was gradually recovered within 30 min, indicating that in these conditions the decrease in platelet adhesiveness is reversible. Immuno-electromicroscopic study showed that this restoration of platelet GP Ib function was associated with a reversed translocation of GP Ib from the SCCS to the plasma membrane. The data obtained from counting gold particles showed that the ratio of GP Ib immunolabelling on the external membrane versus that on the SCCS was 3.31 +/- 0.90 for resting platelets, down-regulated to 0.84 +/- 0.13 (P < 0.05 versus resting platelets) for the platelets treated with 0.04 U/ml thrombin and returned to 2.63 +/- 2.21 (P > 0.05 versus resting platelets) after incubation for 30 min with hirudin. However, the translocation of GP Ib was poorly reversed by thrombin inhibitors when higher concentrations of thrombin were used which induced platelet aggregation and large extent of degranulation. We conclude that thrombin affects platelets in a dose dependent manner, and that at low concentrations the decrease in platelet GP Ib related function is a reversible phenomenon.

Antithrombins↗

PubMed1993

Reversible translocation of glycoprotein Ib in plasmin-treated platelets: consequences for platelet function.

Understanding the effect of fibrinolysis on platelet function is of clinical importance. Plasmin is recognized to affect platelet adhesive function by reducing the interaction of platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib with von Willebrand factor (vWF) bound to the subendothelium. This platelet function is commonly explored in vitro by the ristocetin-induced agglutination test. Our previous study demonstrated a plasmin-induced redistribution of GP Ib molecules from the platelet surface to the linings of the surface-connected canalicular system (SCCS), a critical mechanism for understanding plasmin-induced GP Ib dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that neutralization of plasmin by its inhibitors, aprotinin or tripeptide Val-Phe-Lys-CH2Cl, permits a time dependent recovery (within 30 min) of ristocetin-induced agglutination in the platelets which were stimulated by plasmin at < 1 CU ml-1. This functional recovery was accompanied with a restoration of a normal amount of GP Ib on the platelet surface, as measured by the binding of both monoclonal anti-GP Ib antibody SZ 2 and 125I-labelled vWF to the platelets. Cytochalasin D did not inhibit this recovery, suggesting that this process may be due to passive actin depolymerization. These findings were further confirmed by immunoelectron microscopic study. Utilizing the platelets pre-labelled with anti-GP Ib antibody prior to plasmin stimulation, it was demonstrated that the observed recovery is due to a reverse translocation from the SCCS to the plasma membrane of the same GP Ib molecules which were present initially at the cell surface.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Agglutination↗

PubMed1989

In vitro and in vivo characterization of a high-purity, solvent/detergent-treated factor VIII concentrate: evidence for its therapeutic efficacy in von Willebrand's disease.

A factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate, virus-inactivated by the solvent/detergent procedure, was studied in vitro. In contrast with most high-purity, virus-inactivated FVIII concentrates, it contains not only high levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) antigen and ristocetin cofactor activity but also high molecular weight forms of von Willebrand factor. Furthermore, it is able to promote platelet adhesion on collagen in a perfusion system. In vivo studies performed in patients with different types of von Willebrand's disease provided evidence that this concentrate corrects Duke's bleeding time and prevents or stops haemorrhages. Thus, the particular advantages of this FVIII/vWF preparation are safety, low content of contamination proteins, and efficacy in von Willebrand's disease.

Antigens↗

PubMed1988

Adhesive properties of the carbohydrate-modified von Willebrand factor (CHO-vWF).

In this cooperative study, we explored the role of the carbohydrate moiety (CHO) of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in supporting platelet adhesion. Because of previous discrepant results, all purification steps and CHO modifications by various enzymes were critically evaluated. Under our conditions, CHO-modified vWF preparations contained less than 5% of the initial sialic acid ([Neu]-ase-vWF) and less than 45% ([Neu-Gal]-ase-vWF) or 21% ([Neu-Gal-eF]-ase-vWF) of the D-galactose. These preparations usually showed increased electrophoretic mobility but no significant loss of high-mol-wt multimers when proteolysis had been prevented. Some degree of proteolysis was noted in some carbohydrate-modified vWFs, but the degree of degradation observed did not correlate with the removal of D-galactose. Platelet adhesion to various matrices increased after removal of the terminal sialic acid ([Neu]-ase-vWF) and approximately 45% of the D-galactose ([Neu-Gal]-ase-vWF), but returned to normal values when greater than 70% of the total carbohydrate had been removed by endoglycosidase F [Neu-Gal-ef]-ase-vWF). These changes in reactivity were also reflected in the spontaneous aggregation in normal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) after CHO removal.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗