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Biomedical subjects

C Daniel

Publications and source records attributed to C Daniel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Is laparoscopic cholecystectomy applicable to patients with acute cholecystitis?

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy will become the standard surgical treatment for gallbladder disease only if the methodology is applicable to all or near all cases. To evaluate this hypothesis, all patients were operated on via the laparoscopic route, regardless of whether or not they had signs of acute infection. Among a total group of 411 patients operated upon laparoscopically, 193 (47%) had clinical or anatomical signs of acute infection. The surgery was somewhat protracted and the hospital stay longer, but no major complication occurred. It can then be concluded that in skilled hands, laparoscopy is a safe route for cholecystectomy in the presence of acute infection and inflammation, and that it offers the benefits of minimally invasive surgery to those patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Protection of mice from lethal coronavirus MHV-A59 infection by monoclonal affinity-purified spike glycoprotein.

Numerous studies have provided indirect evidence that the spike glycoprotein of coronaviruses (E2 or S) bears determinants for pathogenesis and the induction of protective immunity. In order to directly evaluate its immunogenicity, the E2 glycoprotein of the murine hepatitis virus, strain A59, was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. High titers of neutralizing and fusion inhibiting antibodies were induced in mice vaccinated with purified E2/S in Freund's adjuvant, which were protected from an intracerebral challenge with 10 LD50 of MHV-A59. This study provides a direct demonstration of the importance of the coronavirus spike glycoprotein in the induction of a protective immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Protection from lethal coronavirus infection by affinity-purified spike glycoprotein of murine hepatitis virus, strain A59.

Murine hepatitis viruses provide excellent animal models for the study of virus-induced diseases of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Several studies have indirectly provided evidence that the spike glycoprotein (S) of these coronaviruses bears determinants for pathogenesis and the induction of protective immunity. In order to directly evaluate the immunogenicity of this protein, it was purified by affinity chromatography with an in vitro neutralizing and in vivo protective monoclonal antibody which immunoprecipitated the 180-kDa spike glycoprotein of the neurotropic A59 strain of murine hepatitis virus (MHV-A59). Mice immunized twice with approximately 1 micrograms of purified S in Freund's adjuvant developed high titers of neutralizing and fusion inhibiting antibodies, even though the protein was at least partially denaturated after elution from the affinity column. Moreover, these mice were protected from lethal encephalitis when challenged intracerebrally with 10 LD50 of MHV-A59. This study provides a direct demonstration of the importance of the coronavirus spike glycoprotein in the induction of a protective immune response.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Growth of a murine coronavirus in a microcarrier cell culture system.

The growth of the murine coronavirus MHV-A59 on murine DBT cells adapted to dextran-made Cytodex 1 microcarriers was studied in comparison with cells grown on plastic dishes. With a microcarrier concentration of 5 g/l in spinner flasks, a density of 3 x 10(6) cells/ml was reached in 7 days. Under these conditions, cells supported virus growth to the same extent as when they were grown on the plastic substratum. This was shown by a similar development of virus-induced syncytia, the release of an equivalent number of infectious progeny virions per cell, similar recoveries observed after concentration and purification and an identical appearance of the purified virus under the electron microscope. On the other hand, the technical convenience of microcarriers and the ease of scale-up emphasize their potential for the growth of coronaviruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Physico-chemical properties of murine hepatitis virus, strain A 59. Brief report.

The infectivity of murine hepatitis virus (MHV-A59) was optimally stable at pH 6.0 and was unaffected by ionic strength or at least 15 cycles of freezing and thawing. It was completely inactivated within 25 minutes at 56 degrees C, but was protected by 1 M magnesium chloride or magnesium sulphate. It was completely inactivated within 14 days at 37 and 22 degrees C, but was relatively stable for as long as 72 days at 4 degrees C and optimal pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Significance of the penile pressure index and value of the papaverine mini-test (8 mg)].

The main non invasive test to quantify arteriogenic impotence is the penile blood pressure (P.B.P.I.). However, its signification is still in discussion. In this work, after discussion of the previous literature, we have revisited the P.B.P.I. signification by quoting it in comparison to the dynamic tests of erection (artificial erection, papaverine test, nocturnal penile tumescence (N.P.T.) with the findings of arteriography. A series of 51 cases having been studied with the multidisciplinary evaluation that we recommend were analyzed and compared to the location of the arterial lesions (aorto-iliac and/or internal pudendal) and to the response to the 80 mg papaverine test (rigidity and initial intracavernous flow (I.I.F.). A significant difference (p less than 0.05) for P.B.P.I. has been demonstrated between normal arteriograms and bilateral lesions. The P.B.P.I. is significantly lower when the lesions are located to the main arteries and bilateral. I.I.F. helps to differentiate hemodynamically severe arterial lesions where surgery is recommended from mild lesions where intracavernous drugs are first proposed. After discussion of the risks of the 80 mg papaverine test in unspecialized units, the authors propose a standardized method to evaluate the penile arteries, using the Doppler and the 8 mg papaverine mini-test which does not carry the risks of prolonged erection. This approach allows a precise morphologic and hemodynamic evaluation for the arterial impotence.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1986

Prolactin in partial epilepsy: an indicator of limbic seizures.

A study was performed to evaluate changes in serum prolactin levels after simple and complex partial seizures, and to identify which specific anatomical structures must be involved in seizures for postictal elevation of prolactin levels to occur. Seventy-eight seizures were studied in patients with electrodes implanted bilaterally into amygdala, hippocampus, hippocampal gyrus, and frontal sites. All 38 complex partial seizures had bilateral limbic ictal discharges, and each was followed by a significant increase in prolactin concentration (mean peak, 50.8 ng/ml; range, 16.0 to 150.0 ng/ml). Eight of 10 simple partial seizures with unilateral high-frequency regional limbic discharges were followed by prolactin elevation (mean peak, 28.2 ng/ml; range, 13.4 to 44 ng/ml). Thirty simple partial seizures with other ictal limbic discharges or without limbic discharges were not followed by an elevated prolactin level. The data indicate that serum prolactin levels always rise after complex partial seizures involving the temporal lobes, and rise after certain simple partial seizures involving limbic structures. Thus, measurement of the prolactin level can help identify which simple partial seizures involve mesial temporal lobe structures. Limbic structures serve to trigger prolactin release, which may depend upon spread of the seizure to subcortical structures.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1985

Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the anti-arrhythmic carocainide in man.

The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the anti-arrhythmic drug carocainide have been investigated in six healthy adult volunteers following single 100 mg intravenous and oral doses. Carocainide was labelled with 14C in the benzofuran ring. After i.v. administration, plasma concentration/time decay of carocainide was triexponential. Mean plasma elimination half-life of the drug was 5.0 +/- 2.2 h (i.v.) and 5.4 +/- 1.1 h (p.o.). Carocainide was virtually completely absorbed after the oral dose. The drug was eliminated mostly as unchanged drug in urine by the two routes of administration. There was some evidence that carocainide underwent enterohepatic cycling. Binding of carocainide to plasma proteins was saturable although not in the concentration range found in vivo. The drug was bound almost entirely to the alpha 1-acid glycoprotein fraction, to one class of binding sites with a moderate affinity constant (5.5 X 10(-4) M-1). Metabolism of carocainide, a secondary elimination process, occurred by oxidative cleavage of the benzofuran ring and by N-oxidation of the pyrrolidine ring.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Lysine and arginine requirement of "Ustilago cynodontis" 4001 yeast-like cells. I. --Growth in the presence and in the absence of lysine (author's transl)].

For optimal growth, the yeast-like cells of Ustilago cynodontis 4001 (originating from the mycelium 4001 prototroph forms) require the presence of both arginine and lysine. However, in the absence of lysine, growth does occur, but two exponential growth phases can then be observed: a pseudo-lag phase during which the growth rate is slow, and a second, true exponential phase. The initial OD of the culture and the arginine concentration of the medium do not appear to affect the duration of the pseudo-lag phase. The arginine concentration does, however, affect the growth yield. Upon addition of lysine to the culture medium, the period of the pseudo-lag phase is reduced and the growth rate increased. The pseudo-lag phase can be completely suppressed by the addition of adequate amounts of lysine. In the presence of lysine and in the absence of arginine, cells are not capable of multiplication. Addition of arginine initiates growth; whether or not a lag phase occurs depends on the quantity of arginine added. The successive inoculation of cells into lysine-free medium leads to suppression of the pseudo-lag phase but only after three or four passages. Therefore it does not seem that there is selection of cells which do not require lysine during the pseudo-lag phase. It is shown that it is not the modification of the culture medium which suppresses the lysine requirement: the cells which are put to grow in the supernatant of a culture in which a pseudo-lag phase had taken place behave in the same way that when they are inoculated in a new medium. The modification of the cell metabolism itself is discussed.

Arginine↗
PubMed1972

[J.-E. Marcel].

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France↗
PubMed1972

[Old age].

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Aged↗