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Biomedical subjects

C D'Arcangelo

Publications and source records attributed to C D'Arcangelo.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The in vitro inhibitory effect on thrombin by 2,3-diphosphoglycerate.

Thrombin incubated with 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (150 nmol 2,3-DPG/1 NIH thrombin unit) lost up to 70% of its clotting activity, whereas the esterase activity remained unchanged. No fibrinopeptide release by thrombin was observed in the presence of 2,3-DPG. The fibrin polymerization was normal. By chromatography on Amberlite IRC-50, alpha-thrombin was eluted at pH 8.0. In presence of 2,3-DPG, alpha-thrombin was not eluted. Likely, 2,3-DPG can interfere with thrombin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

In vitro effect of levamisole on oxygen consumption and survival of platelets.

Levamisole at a concentration of 10(-3)M inhibits the oxygen consumption of resting platelets, the thrombin induced burst and the platelet aggregation induced by ADP. At the concentration of 10(-7)M it exerts still an inhibitory activity of the thrombin induced burst, but it does not inhibit neither the basal oxygen consumption nor the platelet aggregation. At every tested concentration platelet survival in the presence of levamisole is comparable to that of controls. Levamisole moreover, together with theophylline and glucagon, shows a synergistic inhibiting influence toward the burst of oxygen consumption. Our data suggest that levamisole may act by producing an enzymatic block of cyclo-oxygenase.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A 2-year evaluation of different methods of dental caries prophylaxis in a sample school-aged population].

Caries is currently considered to be the most widespread disease affecting mankind; it is calculated in fact that around 90% of the world population suffers from caries. Carious pathology therefore plays a key role, not least due to the high social costs which it entails, and, for this reason, research into appropriate methods of prevention which can to some extent limit the incidence of caries are of particular interest. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study was performed in a group of 1475 selected primary-school children. After having subdivided the population in three groups, an initial dental examination was carried out and the results obtained were quantified by calculating DMFT. The first group (492 children) was instructed to follow the rules of oral and dietary hygiene. The second group (501 children), in addition to the instructions given to the first group, also received fluoro-prophylactic treatment. Lastly, the third group (482 children) were used as a reference sample and did not receive any form of instruction or treatment. RESULTS. After two years DMFT values were increased in all three groups; in detail, values rose 0.41 in the first group, 0.38 in the second group, and 0.81 in the third group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Scrupulous oral hygiene and a correct diet represent a prophylactic measure of outstanding importance in terms of carious pathology. The minimum difference observed between the first and second groups should probably be attributed to the fact that fluoro-prophylactic treatment requires a period of more than 24 months before appreciable results can be seen.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The evaluation of the clinical efficacy and tolerance of azithromycin in odontostomatological infections].

BACKGROUND: Common oral bacteria are involved in the etiology of odontostomatological infections and there is a prevalence of Gram negative anaerobic microorganisms that are increasingly often found to be resistant to common beta-lactamases. In the light of this phenomenon, the use of beta-lactamases has been replaced by macrolides. The development of azithromycin, which is active against anaerobes and characterised by a wider spectrum of action against Gram negative bacteria, has opened new horizons in the therapeutic approach to odontostomatological infections. AIMS: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and the tolerability of azithromycin in odontostomatological infections. The study was performed using an open test method, without a comparative drug. METHODS: One hundred patients, including 51 males and 49 females aged between 18 and 64 years old, were included in the study. These patients showed clinical and radiographic symptoms of acute apical periodontitis, periodontal abscess, or third molar dysodontiasis. They were divided into three groups. The drug protocol used was 500 mg/day for three days. The efficacy of the antibiotic was assessed one week after the start of treatment by evaluating the evolution of the pathology on the basis of subjective symptoms (pain) and objective signs (reddening, swelling, basal temperature). A progressive system was used to quantify the clinical findings using an arbitrary score from 0 to 3. The tolerability of treatment was evaluated by recording any signs observed in the patients' data records. RESULTS: The initial mean score for painful symptoms passed from 2.88 to 0.34. The initial mean score for the reddening parameter also fell from 2.3 to 0.34. The same results were found for the reddening sign which presented a mean value of 2.1 at the start of treatment and 0.38 at the end. The 8 patients who presented fever also showed a remission. The overall incidence of side effects was 8%. The side effects affected the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS: From an analysis of these results it can be affirmed that azithromycin achieved good therapeutic results in odontostomatological infections in terms of both efficacy and tolerability.

Adolescent↗