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Biomedical subjects

C D Laros

Publications and source records attributed to C D Laros.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Postpneumonectomy oesophagopleural fistula.

Patients with oesophagopleural fistula after a pneumonectomy present a difficult therapeutic problem. There are two types of presentation, early and late. We report three cases in addition to the 49 previously published. All three patients developed their fistulae after right-sided pneumonectomy (one month, four years, and 21 years respectively) and presented with the features of an empyema. The existence of an oesophagopleural fistula can be demonstrated by the discovery of food particles in the pleural aspirate, by direct visualisation during oesophagoscopy after instilling methylene blue into the pleural cavity, by barium swallow, or by identification of helium in the pleural space after swallowing a mouthful of helium. After the initial treatment of empyema we believe that surgical repair of the oesophagopleural fistula is the treatment of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Influence on the depth of inhalation on the effect of the beta 2-receptor-stimulating drug fenoterol hydrobromide (berotec).

Study of the influence of different modes of administration of 200 microgram of fenoterol showed that in a selected group of patients, two thirds of the maximal obtainable decrease in airway resistance could be achieved within 3 min of local application of 200 microgram fenoterol onto the nasal mucosa, without inhalation into the lower airways. Aspects of the potential pathways by which inhaled substances reach their receptor or target sites are discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Absorption, distribution and excretion of the tritium-labelled beta2 stimulator fenoterol hydrobromide following aerosol administration and instillation into the bronchial tree.

The administration by aerosol of fenoterol hydrobromide (Berotec) was investigated in four test persons. Two patients with operable carcinomas of the lung were given tritium-labelled fenoterol hydrobromide aerosol immediately before undergoing surgery. Parts of the pulmonary segments removed were biochemically analysed and it was observed that the radioactive contents in pulmonary tissue and blood plasma were almost identical. The pharmacokinetic data recorded after aerosol administration, viz. plasma levels and renal excretion, are not different from those recorded after oral administration. The expired air following aerosol administration was examined in two patients, whereby less than 0.1% of the dose administered was recovered. The oropharynx on the other hand, was found to contain 53% of the dose immediately after administration. Absorption via the lungs was examined in four other test persons by instilling an aqueous solution of fenoterol hydrobromide into the right bronchial tree. Comparison of renal excretion levels showed that absorption here is greater than after oral administration; the plasma level curves, however, run a very similar course.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

The pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema (II).

The most important primary cause of generalized pulmonary emphysema is in all probability the loss of mechanical stability of the connective tissue framework in the lung parenchyma. The complexity of the interrelations and interdependencies between the fibres and the ground substance, leads to the mapping out of a more detailed outline of the vulnerable parts in a similar framework. It is concluded that the junctions especially constitute weak spots. Glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins and proteoglycans particularly hold a key position as cementing substances. The importance of female sex hormones in the metabolism of the ground substance is indicated. A survey is given of the possible threats to a similar system. An attempt is made to disentangle the multitude of possible pathogenetic pathways which lead to emphysematous disintegration. Perspectives of future emphysema research are discussed on the basis of these considerations. Preventive, protective, and reconstructive measures are proposed.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1975

A model of the pathways of inhaled medicaments to their receptor sites.

From controlled inhalation experiments with bronchotropic substances, it becomes clear that the 'dust model of the lungs' is inadequate in explaining the 'facts and findings' of drug inhalation. Two pathway flow charts are worked out, permitting a more specific description of the transport processes involved, in order to meet the need for a more appropriate model.

Bronchodilator Agents↗