Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C D Baroni

Publications and source records attributed to C D Baroni.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (lymphoepithelioma) and in malignant epithelial tumors.

Immunoreactivity for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), two adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, was tested and measured on tissue sections from 16 undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas (U-NPC), 12 keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the head and neck region, and 54 malignant epithelial tumors of various origin. Neoplastic cells of all cases of U-NPC were diffusely and intensely stained for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Moreover, ICAM-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) and VCAM-1 mRNA were detected by Northern blot analysis of RNA extracts from two tumors. In the other epithelial tumors focal or diffuse staining for ICAM-1 was observed in 40 cases (66%), whereas reactivity for VCAM-1 was detected in a single case of metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma of unknown origin. The biopsy specimens of U-NPC showed variable infiltration by leukocytes, which were positive for the integrins lymphocyte function antigen-1 (LFA-1) and alpha-4/beta-1, the corresponding ligands for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. The possibility that ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on neoplastic cells may favor the intratumoral recruitment of leukocytes in a way similar to that occurring in crypt epithelium of the palatine tonsil is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Adhesion molecules and lymphocyte recruitment in lymphocytic thyroiditis, thyroid papillary carcinoma and parotid adenolymphoma.

Lymphocytic infiltrates are usually present in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, thyroid papillary carcinoma and parotid adenolymphoma. We selected these conditions to investigate the mechanisms of recruitment and organization of lymphocytic infiltrates in extranodal tissues. MoAbs in immunoperoxidase were used to identify the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on endothelial cells (EC), and of their ligands LFA-1 and VLA-4 on lymphocytes and accessory cells. VCAM-1 positive EC were rarely observed in thyroids devoid of lymphocyte infiltration. Conversely, EC in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and in papillary carcinoma showed positive immunostaining for VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. These findings were associated with the presence of lymphocytes positive for the ligands VLA-4 and LFA-1. The upregulated expression of VCAM-1 on perifollicular capillaries was co-distributed with an accumulation of VLA-4 positive lymphocytes. In adenolymphoma, all EC were ICAM-1 positive, whereas the majority of vessels were VCAM-1 negative. Consequently the majority of lymphoid cells were LFA-1 positive and VLA-4 negative. We suggest that ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression on EC play a role in the recruitment of lymphocyte infiltration in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and papillary carcinoma. Furthermore, the upregulation of VCAM-1 and VLA-4 in thyroid reactive and neoplastic conditions may be linked to an immune response possibly related to thyroid tissue antigens.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1994

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (CD30 +/Ki-1+): results of a prospective clinico-pathological study of 69 cases.

Sixty-nine anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) were selected from an Italian comparative trial on MACOP-B and F-MACHOP. As no significant difference in effectiveness of the protocols emerged, they were considered homogeneously treated. The ALCLs were divided into two groups according to previously defined criteria: 41 were common type (ALCLs-CT) and 28 Hodgkin-related (ALCLs-HR). T-cell phenotype was most common (58%), while B-cell, null and hybrid forms accounted for 27%, 13% and 2%. Clinically, ALCLs CT and HR differed as to mean age (27 v 34.3 years) and presentation; all ALCLs-HR showed mediastinal involvement, with bulky disease in 57%, and more frequent occurrence in stage II. In contrast, ALCLs-CT showed mediastinal masses in 58.5%, infrequently revealed bulky disease (24%), and were not specifically associated to stage. Among the ALCLs-CT, 68.4% achieved complete remission (CR), 24.4% partial remission (PR), one (2.4%) was resistant to therapy, and two (4.8%) had fatal drug toxicity. Of the ALCLs-HR, 67.8% reached CR, 14.3% PR, and 17.9% did not respond. In CR, ALCLs-CT showed a greater tendency to relapse (32.1% v 14.2%). At present, 65.8% of ALCLs-CT and 67.8% of ALCLs-HR are alive with overall survival/disease-free survival averages of 31/27 and 29/24 months respectively. Our data emphasize that, independently of subtype, ALCLs benefit from the application of third-generation protocols for high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of EN4 monoclonal antibody: a reagent with CD31 specificity.

EN4 MoAb was originally described as a MoAb that reacts specifically with human endothelial cells, and the reagent was not assigned to any of the presently known CD. Here, we provide evidence indicating that EN4 reacts with the CD31 antigen. Thus, EN4 stains strongly murine fibroblasts transfected with the human CD31 gene. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE analysis of immunoprecipitates of cell lysates from surface-iodinated Jurkart T cells demonstrated that EN4 and reference CD31 MoAb recognized the same antigen, of 130 kD mol. wt. Finally, both EN4 and CD31 gave the same pattern of reactivity when tested on tonsillar or peripheral blood lymphoid cells by FACS analysis or by immunohistochemistry on sections of a variety of human tissues. EN4, however, proved consistently more efficient than the reference anti-CD31 MoAb as judged by both the intensity of fluorescence or of tissue staining. This property has thus allowed a better characterization of the tissue and cellular distribution of CD31.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1994

Cytokine production and expression of adhesion molecules and integrins in tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells of non-small cell carcinomas of the lung.

Localization of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and of their ligands, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 and very late activation antigen-4, was determined in non-small cell lung carcinomas and tumor-free lung. Messenger RNA expression for interleukins (IL) IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophages colony stimulating factor, and human perforin-1 was assessed by in situ hybridization on the same tissues. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was expressed in all blood vessels, whereas only a low number of vessels displayed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 immunoreactivity. Tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells consisted of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-positive cells and of a lower number of very late activation antigen-4-positive cells. All squamous cell carcinomas consisted of intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive neoplastic cells infiltrated by lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-positive tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear and CD-la-positive Langerhans cells, whereas only a minor number of adenocarcinomas displayed a consistent number of intercellular adhesion molecule-1-positive neoplastic cells. Tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells showed a wider production of cytokines when compared to bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue of tumor-free lung. Moreover, cells producing interferon-gamma, IL-4, and IL-5 were more numerous in squamous cell carcinomas than in adenocarcinomas. These findings indicate that the lung squamous cell carcinoma might represent a neoplastic microenvironment able to induce activation of tumor infiltrating lymphomononuclear cells more efficiently than the adenocarcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Molecular mechanisms involved in intraepithelial lymphocyte migration: a comparative study in skin and tonsil.

Intraepithelial lymphocyte migration is a biological process frequently observed in skin and tonsil. Using immunohistochemistry, we have studied the molecular bases of this process in seven skin biopsies involved by mycosis fungoides (MF) and in 12 tonsils, four involved by B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) and eight by lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (LH). In the skin, intraepidermal T-lymphocyte infiltration was associated with narrowing and fragmentation of the basement membrane, as shown by an anti-collagen type IV antibody. Immunostaining of serial sections with an anti-collagenase type IV antibody revealed that collagenase type IV was localized in the upper dermis and strictly co-distributed with collagen type IV, suggesting that enzymatic digestion played a role in the alterations of the basement membrane. Further migration through the epidermis was mediated by expression on keratinocytes of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and of leukocyte-function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) on infiltrating lymphocytes. In the tonsil, intraepithelial infiltration was mediated by the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by epithelial cells and of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) by infiltrating lymphocytes. Further intraepithelial lymphocyte migration was then established, as already shown in the skin, by ICAM-1/LFA-1 interaction. Lymphocyte recruitment from the systemic circulation was studied using antibodies directed against endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1), ICAM-1, and VCAM-1. These adhesion molecules were highly expressed by blood vessels in the upper dermis of MF and the percentage of ELAM-1+/VCAM-1+ vessels was significantly higher than that observed in tonsils.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1993

Vascular activation in the histopathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease: potential role of endothelial tissue factor in intravascular thrombosis and necrosis.

Endothelial cell activation and alterations of intravascular coagulation were investigated in 27 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD), in five cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and in ten reactive lymph nodes. Lymph node sections were immunostained for E-selectin, a molecule present on cytokine-activated endothelial cells; for tissue factor (TF), a cellular initiator of the coagulation cascade; for glycoprotein (gp) II/III, a platelet-specific antigen; and for fibrin. In HD, vascular activation was particularly prominent in the nodular sclerosis subtype, as indicated by a larger number of E-selectin-positive blood vessels (72 +/- 49) compared with mixed cellularity (22 +/- 37). High expression of E-selectin was associated with alterations of intravascular coagulation, as indicated by immunostaining of some vascular endothelial cells for TF, by a higher incidence of intravascular thrombi, and by the extensive presence of areas of fibrin exudation and necrosis. In ALCL, the levels of endothelial cell activation and intravascular coagulation were comparable to those of HD nodular sclerosis. In reactive nodes, some E-selectin-positive blood vessels were observed only in 3/10 cases; immunostaining for TF was not detected on endothelial cells; and alterations of intravascular coagulation were rarely observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Expression of adhesion molecules in Langerhans' cell histiocytosis.

Expression of adhesion molecules was investigated in six biopsy specimens of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis using immunocytochemistry. Cells with Langerhans' cell histiocytosis morphology were stained for ICAM-1, for the beta-1 integrins alpha-4 (VLA-4) and alpha-5 (VLA-5) , and for the beta-2 integrins LFA-1, MAC-1 and p150,95. This pattern of reactivity was different from that of epidermal Langerhans' cells of the normal skin which were not immunostained. A variable number of CD68+ multinucleated giant cells was present in five biopsies. They were less reactive than the cells of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis for alpha-4 (VLA-4) and LFA-1, were positive for MAC-1 and p150,95 and were characterized by prominent expression of the beta-1 integrins alpha-2 (VLA-2), alpha-3 (VLA-3) and of VnR (alpha-v/beta-3). The repertoire of adhesion molecules expressed by giant cells is indicative of profound cell-matrix interactions, whereas that of Langerhans' histiocytosis cells suggests particularly active cell-cell interactions. Blood vessels of the lesions were stained for beta-1 integrins, for vitronectin receptor and for molecules involved in adhesion and trans-endothelial migration of circulating leukocytes, such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin. Additional findings were the observation of CD1a + multinucleated giant cells in a single case, suggesting a possible lineage relationship with the histiocytosis cells, and the demonstration of some Ki-67+ Langerhans' cell histiocytosis cells and CD1a+ mitotic figures in four of six cases, indicating local proliferation of Langerhans' histiocytosis cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Expression of epidermal and nerve growth factor receptors in human thymus and thymomas.

The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors has been investigated by immunohistochemical analysis in eight normal human thymuses and in 15 thymomas. Thymomas were classified into five different histological types--medullary, mixed, predominantly cortical, cortical thymoma and well-differentiated thymic carcinoma. In fetal and paediatric normal thymus, EGF-receptor was expressed by subcapsular, cortical and medullary epithelial cells, whereas immunoreactivity for NGF-receptor was detected on only subcapsular and medullary epithelial cells. In thymomas, independent of their histological type, EGF-receptor was expressed by a large majority of epithelial cells. In contrast, the pattern of expression of NGF-receptor in thymomas was different for the various histological types. These findings indicate that the expression of both EGF and NGF receptors in human thymomas substantially reflects their expression in normal thymus, and suggest that EGF and NGF may play a role in the ontogenesis of the human thymus as well as in the histogenesis of thymomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Tissue distribution of very late activation antigens-1/6 and very late activation antigen ligands in the normal thymus and in thymoma.

The expression of very late activation antigens (VLAs)-1/6 was correlated with that of the VLA ligands fibronectin, laminin, collagen, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in sections of normal thymus, in thymocyte suspensions, and in 10 cases of thymoma. Capsular epithelial cells are VLA-2+, VLA-3+, and VLA-6+ and face the thymic basement membrane, which is rich in fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV. Cortical epithelial cells are VLA-2+ and are embedded in a reticular meshwork of nonorganized extracellular matrix (ECM) that is rich in fibronectin. Cortical thymocytes, identified as CD3dim cells by using immunofluorescence in suspension, are highly positive for VLA-4, a fibronectin ligand. Most cortical macrophages are positive for vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, a molecule recognized by VLA-4. Medullary epithelial cells are VLA-2+/VLA-3+ and are codistributed with fibrous strands of organized ECM that are positive for fibronectin, collagen, and laminin. Medullary thymocytes, identified as CD3bright cells, are positive for VLA-4 and VLA-6, a ligand for laminin. Our findings suggest that intrathymic thymocyte maturation is associated with changes in expression of VLA molecules, which are apparently correlated with the presence of VLA ligands in the tissue microenvironment. Thymomas were classified as cortical (three), common (five), or medullary (two) type. Expression of VLA molecules and distribution of ECM in the three histological subtypes were reminiscent of those observed in the respective regions of the normal thymus. All cases of thymoma were characterized by overexpression of VLA molecules on neoplastic cells, which was associated with increased deposition of organized ECM rich in fibronectin, laminin, and collagen.

Antigen-Presenting Cells↗
PubMed1992

Well-differentiated thymic carcinoma: a clinico-pathological study.

Well-differentiated thymic carcinoma (WDTC) is a recently described epithelial tumour of the thymus previously classified as cortical or predominantly epithelial thymoma. The authors have reviewed a series of 15 cases of WDTC with the aim of further defining the clinicopathological features of this neoplasm. Histologically, the number of lymphocytes was always low; perivascular spaces and epithelial palisading around blood vessels and/or along fibrous septa were prominent features; 6 cases (40%) were associated with areas of typical cortical thymoma. All cases showed slight to moderate cytological atypia and nuclear grooving was frequently detected. Mitotic activity was variable but usually low. Clinically, all but 3 cases (80%) were invasive at surgery; myasthenia gravis was present in 9 cases (60%); 5 patients (33.3%) died due to disease and 2 additional patients (13.3%) had tumor recurrence. Our study indicates that WDTC has fairly distinctive clinicopathological features and that it is histologically and histogenetically related to cortical thymoma. The definition "well-differentiated carcinoma" is justified because of low-grade cytological atypia and retention of some organotypical histological features, in a tumour otherwise often displaying aggressive and sometimes clear-cut malignant clinical behaviour.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Thymoma in childhood: a clinicopathological study of five cases.

The histological and clinical findings in five cases of thymoma arising in paediatric patients have been studied. The age range was 11-15 years and no patient was affected by myasthenia gravis. All tumours were macroscopically encapsulated, but two of them displayed evidence of microscopic capsular invasion. Histologically, four cases were of the predominantly cortical type (organoid thymoma) with prominent areas of medullary differentiation and Hassall's bodies; one case was of the cortical type. All patients are alive and disease-free 3 months to 9 years after surgery. These findings suggest that thymoma in the paediatric age group may be characterized by fairly uniform clinicopathological features, with a low rate of association with myasthenia gravis and a favourable prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Microscopic thymoma: histological evidence of multifocal cortical and medullary origin.

Twenty cases of macroscopically non-neoplastic thymuses obtained from patients with myasthenia gravis have been studied histologically. Seven cases were characterized by lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and 13 by involutional changes of variable degree. In three cases (15%), one with lymphoid follicular hyperplasia and two with involutional changes, multiple microscopic epithelial lesions, 0.2-0.4 mm in diameter and consistent with foci of microscopic thymoma, were observed. Most of them were related to the thymic cortex and one, displaying a different histological pattern, was located in a medullary area. These observations provide morphological evidence of a possible multifocal origin of thymoma from distinct epithelial clones present in the different topographic areas of the human thymus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Prognostic value of the histologic classification of peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a clinico-pathologic study of 71 HTLV-1 negative cases.

The histologic and clinical features of 71 cases of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) have been studied. All patients were HTLV-1 negative. The T-cell phenotype was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry on cryostat sections (41 cases) and paraffin-embedded sections (30 cases). All cases were histologically classified according to the updated Kiel classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (low and high-grade) and according to a Working Formulation (WF)-based classification (predominantly small cells, mixed small and large cells, and predominantly large cells). Most cases were in the high-grade group according to both classifications. The prognostic value of these two classifications was comparatively assessed. The analysis of the actuarial survival curves showed that, by using the updated Kiel classification, low-grade PTCL had a survival probability higher than high-grade PTCL although the difference was not statistically significant. Similar results were obtained when the WF-based classification was applied: furthermore, actuarial survival curves of mixed small and large cell PTCL, and of large cell PTCL were rather similar, thus indicating that differentiating these two categories has a limited prognostic value.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Expression and cell distribution of the intercellular adhesion molecule, vascular cell adhesion molecule, endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule, and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31) in reactive human lymph nodes and in Hodgkin's disease.

The immunocytochemical expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM-1), endothelial cell adhesion molecule (EndoCAM CD31), and HLA-DR antigens was investigated in sections of 24 reactive lymph nodes and in 15 cases of Hodgkin's disease. ICAM-1 was detected in sinus macrophages, follicular dendritic reticulum cells (FDRCs), interdigitating reticulum cells (IDRCs), epithelioid macrophages, Hodgkin's cells (HCs), and vascular endothelium. ICAM-1 expression was often associated with that of HLA-DR antigens. VCAM-1 was detected in FDRCs, in fibroblast reticulum cells (FRCs), in macrophages, and in rare blood vessels. EndoCAM (CD31) was constitutively expressed in all types of endothelial cells, sinus macrophages, and in epithelioid granulomas. ELAM-1 was selectively expressed by activated endothelial cells of high endothelium venules (HEVs). When expression of the inducible adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and ELAM-1 was comparatively evaluated in HEVs, it was found that ICAM-1 + HEVs were present in all reactive and HD nodes, whereas ELAM-1 and/or VCAM-1 were expressed only in those pathologic conditions characterized by high levels of interleukin-1/tumor necrosis factor (IL-1/TNF) production, such as granulomatosis and Hodgkin's disease. In Hodgkin's disease, the expression of ELAM-1/VCAM-1 was more pronounced in cases of nodular sclerosis and was associated with a significantly higher content of perivascular neutrophils.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1991

Binding of IL-1 beta to IL-1R type II at single cell level.

To gain information on the possible biologic role of IL-1R type II (IL-1RII), expression of the 68-kDa IL-1 binding protein on human lymphoblastoid B cells was investigated at single cell level. Binding of iodinated IL-1 beta was evaluated by autoradiography on cytosmears of IL-1RII positive B cell lines RAJI, the RAJI clone 1H7, and STS 25. Results obtained suggest an heterogeneity of IL-1RII expression within the B cell population, with only 5 to 16% of the cells able to bind IL-1 beta. Up-regulation of IL-1RII expression by dexamethasone, evident in conventional binding assays, was achieved through both increase in the number of IL-1 binding cells (14-30%) and augmentation of receptor density on positive cells, By combining autoradiography with immunocytochemical staining, it could be shown that about 80% of IL-1RII + cells were negative for Ki67, a nuclear antigen expressed from late G1 to M phase. Cell cycle dependent expression of IL-1RII was confirmed on cells enriched in different phases of the cell cycle by counterflow centrifugal elutriation. It is thus proposed that IL-1RII is associated to the cell cycle.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Fibrosarcoma of the thymic region. A case report.

Fibrosarcoma of the mediastinum is an unusual tumor and only few cases have been reported. We describe the clinical and pathologic findings of a case of mediastinal mass in a 34 year old woman. The histologic, histochemical, immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of the tumor were consistent with a diagnosis of fibrosarcoma. Furthermore, the tumor displayed evidence of close relations with the thymus capsule; the possibility that it may arise from the thymic stroma is considered. The differential diagnosis of spindle cell tumors of the mediastinum is also discussed.

Adult↗