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Biomedical subjects

C Conseiller

Publications and source records attributed to C Conseiller.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[The use of laser fluorometry of NADH in cardiology].

In this paper the first results of experimental studies of myocardial energy metabolism conducted in situ by laser fluorimetry are described. With this method the myocardial oxygen uptake is determined by measuring the fluorescence of NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). The equipment required consists of pulsed laser beams in the ultraviolet (337 nm) and visible (586 nm) spectra, very thin catheters with a single optic fibre, and an original digital data processing technique. The first applications envisaged concern: 1. pharmacological studies, notably evaluation of the protective effect of drugs against ischaemia; 2. evaluation of revascularization procedures in emergency surgery, notably assessment of reversibility of the ischaemic lesions; 3. monitoring of myocardial protection during cardiac surgery.

Cardiovascular Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Behavioral disorders secondary to benzodiazepine therapy].

This report adds three cases to those previously published of paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines. The clinical syndrome, more or less complete, is fairly stereotyped, with behavioural disorders, tendency to feelings of hostility and aggressiveness and total anterograde amnesia. Personal and environmental factors seem to play a prominent role in its development. The classical contra-indication of benzodiazepines following such reactions is discussed, and the hypothesis that mamillary-thalamic benzodiazepine receptors play a part in their genesis is envisaged.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Clamping of the thoracic aorta in a hypertensive patient with coronary disease. An indication of sodium nitroprusside (author's transl)].

In patients with cardiac failure, coronary disease or arterial hypertension, clamping of the aorta results in increased filling pressure of the left ventricle which may produce or increase subendocardial ischaemia with consequent aggravation of the ventricular insufficiency. And the higher the clamping the greater the risk. This vicious circle can be broken by sodium nitroprusside, which has potent and reversible vasodilator properties. The drug is indicated whenever the left ventricular filling pressure rises above 5 mmHg. These considerations are illustrated by the descriptions of a case where sodium nitroprusside ensured blood circulation in the lower limbs and intra-abdominal organs after clamping of the aorta above the coeliac artery in a high risk cardiac patient.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1981

[Control of gastric acidity with cimetidine given as premedication before general anesthesia: efficacy and tolerance].

Cimetidine 400 mg was administered intramuscularly 60 minutes before the beginning of general anaesthesia. The double blind experiment was conducted on 84 patients divided in two groups: cimetidine and control. There was no difference in gastric fluid volume between the two groups during general anaesthesia, but acid secretion decreased significantly in the cimetidine group. Values of pH lower than 2.5 were observed in 33.3 per cent at induction and 34 per cent at recovery in the control group against 14.6 per cent and 0 per cent in the cimetidine group. Clinical tolerance to cimetidine was studied in 100 patients during operation. Cimetidine did not alter pharmacological action of usual anaesthetics. There were no significant changes in cardiovascular and electrocardiographic data.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1980

[Cimetidine in pre-anaesthetic premedication. Intra-operative clinical tolerance (author's transl)].

Intra-operative clinical tolerance of cimetidine was studied in 100 patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Cimetidine (400 mg) was administered one hour before operation intramuscularly. Cimetidine did not alter pharmacological action of usual anesthetics. Recovery was quieter. There was no significant changes in cardiovascular and electrocardiographic datas. These results are in accordance with previous prospectives works. However, heart rate seems to decrease three hours after cimetidine injection. Such bradycardias as well as blood pressure drop have been recently published by various authors in retrospective studies, and may be explained by an action of cimitidine on cardiac H2 receptors.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1980

[Gastric acidity induced by cimetidine. Evaluation during general anaesthesia (author's transl)].

400 mg of cimetidine were administered intramuscularly 60 minutes before the beginning of general anesthesia. The double blind experiment was conducted on 84 patients divided in two groups: cimetidine and control. As far as the gastric fluid volumes are concerned there was no difference between the two groups during general anesthesia, but acid secretion decreased significantly in the cimetidine group, pH values lower than 2.5 were observed in 33.3 p. cent at induction time and 34 p. cent at recovery time in the control group against 14.6 p. cent and 0 p. cent in the cimetidine group.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1979

Early anuria prevention in human kidney transplantation. Advantage of fluid load under pulmonary arterial pressure monitoring during surgical period.

In human kidney transplantation, a high blood flow established through the graft immediately upon clamp release is usually associated with immediate satisfactory renal function. One hundred consecutive kidney transplant patients were thus provided with a large volume of fluid during surgery. To avoid pulmonary edema, fluid load was given under mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) monitoring, and controlled ventilation was maintained during the early postoperative period. Whether initial PAP value was within normal range or elevated, all patients required an equivalent fluid load to reach the best hemodynamic condition upon clamp removal. The mean intraoperative fluid load consisted of 2406 +/- 968 ml of water with 22.8 +/- 9.4 g of sodium chloride, 5.9 +/- 1.8 units of albumin, and 2.6 +/- 1.8 units of packed red blood cells. Immediately before clamp release patients were given furosemide and mannitol. During the postoperative period, i.v. infusions consisted of water and sodium chloride (6 g/liter) to match urine output, provided that diuresis was equal to or above 400 ml/hr. If diuresis remained or decreased below this level, diuresis replacement was associated with PAP-controlled infusion of saline, albumin, and red blood cells if needed. Furosemide was eventually given if diuresis did not increase above 400 ml/hr with fluid loading. With this protocol a good early diuresis was established in 95% of the cases. Ten patients required dialysis before the 5th postoperative day, one of them because of fluid overload and anuria. Concurrently, a decreased mortality rate and an increased graft survival rate were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Central venous pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure. A comparative study in anesthetized surgical patients.

To determine the reliability of central venous pressure (CVP) as a guide to fluid therapy during an operation, repeated and simultaneous CVP and pulmonary wedge pressure (PWP) measurements were made with a Swan-Ganz catheter in 13 relatively elderly patients without obvious cardiac or respiratory disease- Overall correlation between CVP and PWP was highly significant (P less than .001); there was, however, an important variation of the correlation for each patient. For values of CVP greater than or equal to 8 mm Hg, the correlation was not significant. The disparity between right and left ventricular filling pressures was confirmed by the relationship between serial changes in CVP and PWP. These data strongly suggest that in relatively elderly patients undergoing surgery without evidence of cardiac or respiratory disease, CVP may be misleading index for appreciating PWP.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Steroid anaesthesia (Althesin - CT 1341) and dorsal horn cell activities in feline spinal cord.

The effects of steroid anaesthesia (Althesin -CT 1341) on dorsal horn cells (laminae 4 and 5) were studied by extracellular recordings in the spinal cat. I.v. administration of Althesin (0.2 ml/kg) strongly depressed the spontaneous and evoked activities of both types of cells. No differences were found between cells activated by noxious or innocuous stimuli. These results emphasize the fact that the transmission of afferent messages is depressed by various anaesthetics at the level of the first synapses in the CNS. The depressive effects on lamina 5 cells could explain in part the analgesic effects of Althesin.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗
PubMed1975

Depressive effects of morphine upon lamina V cells activities in the dorsal horn of the spinal cat.

The effects of morphine upon the transmission of nociceptive messages at the spinal level have been investigated in spinal cats by studying its effects on the activities of lamina V dorsal horn interneurons. Morphine (2 mg/kg i.v.) induced a direct depressive action at the spinal level, since it strongly reduced both spontaneous and evoked activities of lamina V cells. The spontaneous firing rate and the responses elicited by natural nociceptive stimulation were decreased by 50%. The responses of these units evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation were reduced to 67% of their initial value; in this case, the depressive effect was much more prominent on the late component of the long duration responses. The observed depressive effects are specific since they are immediately reversed by administration of opiate antagonists (nalorphine or naloxone).

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Choice of recipent in human cardiac transplantation].

The favourable clinical results of cardiac transplantation merit wider application of this therapeutic measure in the management of non-obstructive primary cardiomyopathies and diffuse myocardial fibrosis secondary to coronary artery disease and in its terminal phase, in the absence of any absolute contraindication (pulmonary resistance too high, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorder, infection, patient too old.). Close cooperation between departments of cardiology and surgical transplantation centres, with systematic study of the patients pre-operatively and the setting up of a waiting list of recipients, will make possible in the future the improvement of the already encouraging results of cardiac transplantation.

Adult↗