Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Colin

Publications and source records attributed to C Colin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Influence of early neonatal phenobarbital exposure on cerebral energy metabolism and behavior.

The influence of an early chronic phenobarbital (PhB) exposure on local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) and on behavior was studied in the rat. The animals were treated from Postnatal Day 2 to Postnatal Day 35 by a daily injection of 50 mg/kg PhB or by saline and tested between 10 and 35 days for short-term effects of the drug on LCGU and between 70 and 90 days for long-term effects of PhB on LCGU and behavior. PhB induced short- and long-lasting reductions in the overall rates of LCGU in hippocampal and cerebellar areas, but no significant changes in LCGU in the different cell layers of these two cerebral areas. PhB also changed the pattern of maturation of the rates of LCGU as compared to control subjects. The barbiturate treatment induced a decrease in the exploratory behavior of PhB- as compared to saline-treated rats in the open field, as well as a significant 25% decrease in the rate of spontaneous alternation with delay. In addition, PhB-treated rats needed significantly more time than control animals to perform their trials in the nonrewarded T maze testing. However, the neonatal barbiturate exposure did not induce changes in performances of adult rats in the rewarded eight arm maze. The results of the present study show that there is no apparent correlation between the rates of energy metabolism in the hippocampus and the impairment of learning abilities of adult rats in behavioral tests related to the hippocampus.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunodetection of the metastasis-associated laminin receptor in human breast cancer cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the breast is a very useful technique for the evaluation of a suspect lesion before surgical removal. Increased expression of the 67-kd laminin receptor has been associated with the metastatic phenotype of cancer cells, particularly in colon and breast cancers. In this study, the expression of laminin receptor was evaluated using the immunoperoxidase technique in 81 breast aspirates (26 benign and 55 neoplastic lesions). Cells obtained from benign samples exhibited a low level of laminin receptor antigen detected by affinity-purified antibody raised against a cDNA-derived laminin receptor peptide. In contrast, 71% of smears obtained from malignant breast lesions contained cells that were strongly stained by the antibody. Heterogeneous expression of the laminin receptor was noted in both breast aspirates and fixed tissue specimens. These data suggest that the immunodetection of laminin receptor in cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration of breast lesions could be a valuable adjunct in the prognostic evaluation of breast lesions.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1990

Lymphokine-activated killer cell expansion for clinical trials of adoptive immunotherapy with interleukin-2: optimization of the culture technique.

On leukopheresis products obtained from patients included in a protocol interleukin-2/lymphokine-activated killer (IL-2/LAK) cell therapy, we analyzed, in parallel with the standard culture and on large volumes of these products, different parameters which could either improve LAK cell enhancement or simplify the procedure. We demonstrated first that purification of the mononuclear cells from the leukopheresis product before its culture is not required. An excess of red blood cells and granulocytes (up to 50%) in nonpurified samples improved both the mononuclear cell recovery in short-term culture (4 days) and the activation of LAK cells when the total nuclear cell concentration did not exceed 3 X 10(6)/ml. Different factors can contribute to this enhancing effect: the presence of red blood cells, the liberation of cytokines by granulocytes, or the loss of a population of activated lymphocytes, with liberation of cytokines by granulocytes, or the loss of a population of activated lymphocytes, with larger size and density than resting lymphocytes, during the separation. Supplementation of the medium with 2% heat-inactivated autologous plasma obtained before any treatment rather than with 2% pooled human AB serum does not modify the mononuclear cell recovery in 4-day culture, but it does enhance LAK activity. The inhibitory effect of heat-inactivated autologous plasma on proliferation and activation of LAK cells was never observed, suggesting the absence of suppressive factors in the plasma of the 23 analyzed patients. Similarly, autologous plasma did not modify natural killer and LAK cell functions when added during the cytotoxic assay.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Possible role of human natural anti-Gal antibodies in the natural antitumor defense system.

Expression of Gal alpha 1-3Gal cell surface residues has been correlated with the metastatic potential of murine tumor cells. We report that Gal alpha 1-3Gal residues are expressed at the cell surface of malignant human cancer cells, including four cell lines and 50% of the malignant breast specimens obtained by aspiration biopsy. In contrast, all benign breast biopsies and normal cells were Gal alpha 1-3Gal negative. Affinity-purified anti-alpha-galactosyl IgG (anti-Gal) antibody, which specifically recognizes Gal alpha 1-3Gal residues, significantly inhibited cell attachment in two in vitro assays thought to indicate tumor cell extravasation of the circulatory system during the metastatic process: attachment to perfused human umbilical vein endothelium, and attachment to isolated laminin. Since anti-Gal antibody is a natural component of all human sera, we propose that it may be part of the natural antitumor defense system in humans.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of parameters for maximal in vitro proliferation and activation of lymphokine-activated killer cells (LAK).

In 15 patients (11 adults, 4 children) who received IL-2 and LAK cell therapy, we analyzed the different culture conditions which could either improve LAK cell activation and proliferation or which could simplify the procedure. Each parameter was assayed on a large scale and compared to standard culture conditions. Indomethacin had no effects, either positive or negative, on proliferation and activation of the cells. Culturing with 10% AB serum increased proliferation but did not modify total lytic activity compared to 2% AB serum. When cells were cultured in a medium with 2% autologous plasma obtained before any treatment, their proliferation was similar to that obtained in medium supplemented with 2% AB serum but the LAK activity was significantly higher. Autologous plasma obtained at day 8 of treatment (48 h after the first cycle of IL-2 and the day of the first cytapheresis) gave similar results to 2% AB serum. None of the 12 patients showed negative effects suggesting the presence of suppressive factors in the sera. Culturing with autologous plasma in clinical trials will lead to a 25% decrease in the total cost of culture and suppress the risk of viral contamination. Excess of granulocytes in the culture (greater than 30%), if the total nuclear cell concentration did not exceed 3 . 10(6) per ml, induced a better proliferation of mononuclear cells without modification of the activation. These results could be due to the liberation of factors by polynuclear cells, or to the loss during elimination of the granulocytes by the Ficoll separation of cells with similar density supporting LAK activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Current results of intensive chemotherapy as salvage with bone marrow graft in highly malignant T lymphomas. Apropos of 10 cases].

Eleven autologous bone marrow transplantations (ABMT) were performed in 10 patients with T lymphoblastic lymphoma. All patients were grafted because of a very bad prognosis: 2 cases of progressive disease (1 primary failure, 1 resistant relapse): 0/2 alive, 2 late complete remissions: 1/2 alive, 7 sensitive relapses (2/7 alive). Finally, 3 out of 10 patients are survived. This salvage therapy for a failure of a front line strategy with 78% disease-free survival without ABMT seems of interest. ABMT is still indicated as salvage therapy for 20% of these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Effect of vitamins A, C and glutathione on the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene mediated by S9 from vitamin A-deficient rats.

Vitamin A deficiency has been shown to enhance the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene (Narbonne et al., 1985). Here we report that this is not a result of increased benzo[a]pyrene metabolism but might be a consequence of either a lack of vitamin A or a decreased level of scavengers (ascorbic acid and glutathione) in the liver. However, the addition of vitamin A in vitro in the form of retinyl palmitate strongly inhibits the benzo[a]pyrene mutagenicity. An enhancing effect on the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene is observed with addition of ascorbic acid when incubated with high amounts of the precarcinogen. In vivo addition of high levels of glutathione also reduces the mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Mast cell heterogeneity in normal man].

Thermographic analysis of the skin of the forearm of normal men submitted to nasal instillation of 1 ml of a solution of 48/80, 1 X 10(-2), demonstrates that the skin vessels undergo local vasodilatation. Erythema and wheals sometimes appear, due to the stimulation of the dermal mast cells. Mast cells of the nasal mucosa are never stimulated by such instillation. The differences between dermal and nasal mast cell reactions are in accordance with the concept of mast cell heterogeneity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Percutaneous injection of a contrast medium in isolated lesions of the breast].

The percutaneous injection of contrast medium was performed into 44 breast fibroadenomas, 13 tumors of fibrocystic disease and 5 cancers. The radiological aspect does not to assure some discrimination between peri- or intracanalicular fibroadenomas, nor between giant fibroadenomas and cystosarcoma phyllodes. The opacification of the intratumoral galactophoric channels is achieved in 34,1% of fibroadenomas. It can be observed in fibrocystic disease but nor in cancer. A pattern of fibrous tissue and/or opacification of large peripheric extratumoral channels will appear in 34,1% of fibroadenomas. They are be observed in fibrocystic diseases and cancers. It is the same thing for spot figure. For diagnosis, the technic is not recommended to be generalized since the accuracy seems to be less serious than the cytological analysis of the puncture.

Adenofibroma↗