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Biomedical subjects

C Colette

Publications and source records attributed to C Colette.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Calcium absorption following small bowel resection in man. Evidence for an adaptive response.

Seventeen patients who had undergone extensive small bowel resection were studied for calcium absorption (FACa) and plasma vitamin D metabolites. FACa was measured by a double radio-tracer technique and expressed as percentage of total oral dose. FACa was decreased compared with controls (34%, range: 3-46 v 65%, range: 57-73, P less than 0.01). A positive correlation (r = 0.49, P = 0.05) was found between FACa and the remaining length of small bowel (SBL). As wide variations in both SBL and duration after surgery were observed among the seventeen investigated patients, we were led to individualize less heterogeneous subgroups of patients. Better correlations were found when the patients were divided into two subgroups according to whether the time interval between the resection and the investigation was shorter (r = 0.75, n = 11, P less than 0.02) or longer (r = 0.89, n = 6, P = 0.05) than 2 years. In thirteen patients who had a SBL shorter than 100 cm, a positive correlation was observed between FACa and the time interval after surgery (months): r = 0.65, P less than 0.05. Plasma 1,25 (OH)2D was markedly reduced in the whole group (31 pmol l-1, range: 8-108) compared with controls (103 pmol-1, range: 59-134, P less than 0.01). The present study shows that in extensively small bowel resected patients, calcium absorption is reduced, the alteration being dependent both on the length of the remnant small bowel and on the time after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Artificial ripening of the cervix by local action of maternal leukocytes].

The known failures and risks of inducing labour ought to provoke research for novel techniques. Comparison of the results of different methods of established harmlessness must comply with the strict rules found occasionally in the literature. The necessary maturation of the cervical tissue seems an indispensable requirement. Known physiological facts readily call to mind the role played by the granulocytes in collagenolysis. Clinical tests based on them give results identical with other techniques.

Bradykinin↗
PubMed1986

[Prostanoids of the peritoneal fluid and sterility with or without pelvic lesions (endometriosis, postinfectious adhesions)].

Peritoneal fluid levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TxB2, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were measured in 62 infertile women undergoing coelioscopy. In 10 patients with mild endometriosis, the levels of all prostanoids were significantly enhanced as compared to control group (15 infertile patients without pelvic lesion). In 5 patients with moderate endometriosis, only PGF2 alpha exhibited a significant enhancement. The results confirmed the prostanoid component alteration of peritoneal fluid in infertile women with mild or moderate endometriosis, which however not has been found by all authors. In 6 patients with chronic salpingitis, no difference was found in prostanoid levels as compared to control group. The 26 patients with pelvic adhesions were distributed in 3 groups on the criterion of easy lysed or not adhesions. In group I (not lysed adhesions, 7 patients), no difference was found in prostanoid levels as compared to control group. In group II (mixed adhesions, 13 patients), the levels of all prostanoids, particularly 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, were significantly higher than that found in control group. In group III (easy lysed adhesions, 6 patients), the levels of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, TxB2 and particularly PGF2 alpha were significantly enhanced as compared to control group. The results of this study suggest that prostanoids are implicated in physiopathology of endometriosis and pelvic adhesions and perhaps in mechanism of the associated infertility.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

[Recording of fetal movements during pregnancy. Aid to the diagnosis and prognosis ascertained by Tococinon].

Objective recording of fetal movements has become operational since the use of the tococinon. At the beginning of pregnancy, from the twelfth week of amenorrhoea onwards, aberrant values seem to be linked to several factors such as mother's anxiety, urinary infection and anesthesia. If they are repeated that suggests there are abnormalities, such as trisomies or malformations in the central nervous system, and implies that other diagnostic methods must be used to make the diagnosis such as ultrasound or amniocentesis. A new definition for lowered activity by the fetus is proposed for the end of pregnancy. If these recordings are repeated before or at the same time as other signs of fetal distress have been found we must think of pathological features such as intrauterine growth retardation, post-maturity, infections, rhesus incompatibility and diabetes. Pharmacological influences, too, have to be thought of and they are usually correlated with rises in the fetal pulse rate and with using the apparatus when the patient is walking about.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1986

[Current aspects of engagement dystocia].

It seems likely, in view of the large number of caesarean operations that are now being carried out and that too have complications, that the mechanism of obstetric procedures will sooner or later become of interest again to obstetricians. This study looks at a consecutive series of cases where dystocia in the upper part of the pelvis occurred and tries by analysing different obstetrical parameters to work out the best time for carrying out different obstetrical manoeuvres. It is possible to come to two conclusions, so long as both the mother and the fetus are watched carefully during the labour: the trial of delivery of the fetal head using the obstetric ventouse will bring about a significant reduction in the numbers of caesarean operations. it is always rewarding to be patient and it does not seem sensible to intervene too quickly. Two important results come from this approach: mechanical dystocia has practically disappeared, as it now only occurs in about 1% of labours. on the other hand, particularly in primiparous women, dystocia in the upper straight of the pelvis is quite common.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cesarean section for placenta praevia. Perinatal mortality and morbidity].

The severity of placenta praevia is well known and responsible of a non negligible perinatal mortality. This study relates to 65 children born after a cesarean section for placenta praevia and analyzes the fetal complications, their frequency, their prognosis as well as the obstetrical factors connected to this problem. Mortality is 3%, prematurity remains high and so is the anemia, but hypotrophy is rare. The main complications are infection essentially due to an overlapping placenta praevia, its hemorrhagic nature and the increasing number of hemorrhagic episodes and respiratory complications (respiratory distress, inhalation of amniotic fluid and hyaline membrane disease). From these fetal data, the authors propose a method of management of low placental insertions consisting essentially of bed rest as soon as the diagnosis in made on the sonogram, and extraction at the 35th week of amenorrhea. In case of hemorrhage, extraction must be performed earlier if obstetrical conditions, maternal as well as fetal, do not permit to undertake a conservative approach aimed essentially to decrease prematurity and its consequences.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1985

[Liver function after 65% hepatectomy in the dog: role of pancreatic blood flow].

The effects of different types of porto-systemic shunts were judged on vitamin D 25-hydroxylation and proaccelerin synthesis, in 65% hepatectomized dogs. Three types of shunts were performed: termino-lateral porto-caval shunt, mesenterico-caval shunt and spleno-pancreatico-caval shunt. The mesenterico-caval shunt provided better results than the other shunts, probably because of a better preservation of pancreatic hormone supplies to the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Fetal motor activity].

The authors propose a physiological classification of foetal motor activity. The methods of analysis of the play activity of the foetus are evaluated. The authors stress the enormous gap between the richness of foetal semiology and the poverty of the clinical deductions at the beginning and at the end of pregnancy. A simple and reliable system between the useless complexity of ultrasonography and the unreliability of subjective analysis is essential.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Effects of dietary fiber on postprandial glycemic profiles in diabetic patients submitted to continuous programmed insulin infusion.

Conventional (C) or fiber supplemented (F) test breakfast and lunch were given on 3 successive randomized days to six insulin-dependent diabetic patients treated with continuous programmed insulin infusion. Meal distribution was as follows: day 1 (C breakfast and C lunch), day 2 (F breakfast and C lunch), day 3 (F breakfast and F lunch). No rise in blood glucose (BG) was observed after F breakfast (days 2 and 3) while a small rise in BG occurred after the C breakfast (day 1). Significant differences were observed between day 1 and days 2 and 3 for absolute BG values as well as for BG changes (delta BG) from base-line. At lunch slight differences in delta BG were only noted at 45 min (p less than 0.05) between days 2 and 3, while there was no difference between days 1 and 2. Our results indicate that fiber supplementation is useful even in pump-treated insulin-dependent diabetics but that F breakfasts have no influence on the carbohydrate tolerance to the subsequent lunch.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma beta-thromboglobulin response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in type I diabetic patients.

The effect of an insulin-induced hypoglycemia was examined in 14 type I diabetic patients. After an overnight blood glucose normalization, each patient received an additional intravenous bolus of 3 U regular insulin at 0900 h (time 0). Blood glucose was continuously recorded up to 180 min. Plasma samples were assayed for beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG, ng/ml), pancreatic glucagon (pg/ml), cortisol (microgram/dl), and growth hormone (ng/ml) 30 min before the insulin stress, at time 0, at blood glucose nadir, and at 180 min. The blood glucose fell from a baseline level of 85.0 +/- 3.2 mg/dl to a nadir value of 39.2 +/- 1.9 mg/dl (P less than 0.001) reached at an average time of 41.4 +/- 4.9 min. Plasma beta TG increased significantly (P less than 0.05) during the insulin stress: 93.4 +/- 23.7 ng/ml at nadir versus 42.5 +/- 5.9 at time 0. Plasma cortisol and growth hormone were significantly increased (P less than 0.02 and P less than 0.01) at nadir compared with time 0 values. Plasma pancreatic glucagon was higher at nadir than at time 0, but the difference was not significant. The present results indicate that in vivo platelet activation can be triggered by hypoglycemic episodes in insulin-treated diabetic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of dietary gamma-linolenate supplementation on serum lipids and platelet function in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

In order to gain insight into the mechanism of platelet dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetics we studied in 17 patients the influence of a 6-week period with a dietary supplement of gamma-linolenate: 2 g/d (group I, n = 8) or 500 mg/d (group II, n = 9). Serum lipids, plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG), platelet aggregation in vitro, and TxB2 and PGE1 released from platelets during the aggregation process were measured. In group I, serum triglycerides fell from 1.57 +/- 0.28 mmol/l to 0.99 +/- 0.17 mmol/l (P less than 0.01) and cholesterol fell from 5.85 +/- 0.55 mmol/l to 5.08 +/- 0.52 mmol/l (P less than 0.01). In group I plasma beta TG fell from 100.0 +/- 15.7 ng/ml to 73.7 +/- 12.1 ng/ml (P less than 0.025), while the sum of the percentages of the C18:3 omega 6 and its chain elongated (C20:3 omega 6) and desaturated (C20:4 omega 6) metabolites increased in serum triglycerides (P less than 0.05), cholesterol esters (P less than 0.02) and phospholipids (P less than 0.02). No changes were observed on the other parameters in either group. The results show that the lowering effects of gamma-linolenate on serum triglycerides, cholesterol and plasma beta TG occur only with daily intakes of 2 g. The changes in fatty acid composition of serum lipids suggest that the gamma-linolenate intake of 2 g may exert its beneficial effect through an increased incorporation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, but no firm conclusion can be drawn as membrane platelet fatty acid composition was not evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Monitoring fetal movements using the Doppler-Fizeau effect with a new apparatus: the Tococinon].

We introduce the Tococinon, which is an apparatus using the Doppler-Fizeau effect. Its purpose is to record fetal movements. The method carries good correlation with ultrasonographic observations of fetal movements. It is more accurate than the patient's own impressions, and can be used from the end of the first trimester until term. The Tococinon makes it possible for the mother to watch her own baby's behaviour and to screen for abnormalities in it. Its development makes it possible for us to foresee other studies on different types of movement and to attempt to correlate these with some pathological states.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Plasma lipid fatty acids and platelet function in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

Platelet function, estimated from plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG, ng/ml), is frequently altered in insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDs). As several factors may affect beta-TG, we studied respectively in 15 IDDs, the roles played by: (i) diabetic control evaluated from glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1); (ii) plasma C-peptide and pancreatic glucagon; (iii) plasma lipids and the relative percentages of fatty acids in total plasma lipids. Plasma beta-TG did not correlate significantly with the first 3 parameters. However, beta-TG was correlated: (i) positively with plasma triglycerides (P less than 0.01), cholesterol (P less than 0.02), phospholipids (P less than 0.05) and total plasma lipids (P less than 0.01) and the percentage of oleic acid (C18 : 1 omega 9) in plasma lipids (P less than 0.01); (ii) negatively with the percentage of linoleic acid (C18 : 2 omega 6) in plasma lipids (P less than 0.02). No correlation was found between beta-TG and the percentages of the other saturated (C16 : 0, C18 : 0), monounsaturated (C16 : 1 omega 7) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18 : 3 omega 6, C20 : 3 omega 6 and C20 : 4 omega 6). The present results indicate that beta-TG in IDDs can be markedly improved by all dietary and therapeutic measures which lower plasma lipids and increase the percentage of the linoleic acid in the body.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical, hormonal and celioscopic examination of the corpus luteum in sterility without pelvic lesions].

58 sterile women who had perfect biphasic temperature curves through their menstrual cycles were examined by laparoscopy in the luteal phase of the cycle. No pelvic lesion was found. In 21 patients it was seen that the follicle had not ruptured (the so-called non-ruptured follicle syndrome). In a further 9 cases there was no luteal follicle to be seen on the surface of the ovary. The respective values of the plasma biochemical parameters which reflect ovarian secretion in the luteal phase are discussed; the importance of oestrogen secretion at the 6th day of the luteal phase is emphasized. It has been shown that there are significant statistical differences in the levels of oestradiol in the blood.

Corpus Luteum↗