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Biomedical subjects

C Cohen

Publications and source records attributed to C Cohen.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Hepatitis B antigen in black patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation between orcein stained liver sections and serology.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded autopsy tissue of liver and tumor from 50 male black mineworkers with hepatocellular carcinoma were examined by orcein stain for the presence of cytoplasmic hepatitis B surface antigen. The results were correlated with the serum hepatitis B antigen (HBAg). In 72% serum HBAg was positive. Orcein staining of nontumor liver cell cytoplasm was present in 18 (36%). Sixteen (89%) of these orcein-positive cases were serum HBAg positive. The two false negative serum HBAg results were obtained by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and complement fixation. Serum HBAg, measured by radio-immunoassay and hemagglutination, was positive in 14 orcein-negative cases. Six other negative orcein results appeared to be due to sampling error. Orcein staining was noted in tumor cells of three serum HBAg positive patients. Provided the limitations of the technique are realized, orcein staining of liver tissue from hepatocellular carcinoma patients may prove useful for retrospective screening surveys to assess the prevalence of HBAg positivity in these patients.

Black People↗
PubMed1978

Changing the coronary-prone (type A) behavior pattern in a nonclinical population.

This report presents the design and initial findings of an attempt to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease in healthy men by modifying their type A behavior pattern. A group of 27 professional and executive volunteers, aged 39--59, who had been medically assessed as free from coronary heart disease, were randomly assigned to brief psychotherapy and behavior therapy groups. Each treatment group met for 14 sessions over a period of 5 months. Pre- and postmeasures of physiological (serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, blood pressure) and psychological (anxiety, psychological symptoms, satisfaction) variables were taken. Results indicate that both treatment groups changed in the desired direction on most of the psychological and physiological variables without apparent change in habits of diet, exercise, smoking, or work load. The findings are provocative, but only tentative, leaving questions of clinical validity, durability, and generalizability unresolved. Nevertheless, they indicate that this approach to modifying type A behavior may reduce coronary risk and therefore warrants further exploration.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The hemopexin locus: its assignment to linkage group I in the laboratory rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and evidence for a fourth allele.

The hemopexin locus phenotypes were determined for 450 animals with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the presence of a fourth allele at this locus was revealed. Of the 19 mating types segregating at this locus, 17 demonstrated segregation ratios consistent with the hypothesis of a four allele, codominant, autosomal system. Studies of three of our largest inbreeding lines indicated that fixation at this locus has occurred in two of them. Linkage studies showed that the Hx locus is located between the color locus, c, and the Hq blood group locus; therefore it is assigned to Linkage Group I of the rabbit.

Alleles↗
PubMed1978

Personal networks of ex-mental patients in a Manhattan SRO hotel.

This paper describes the results of the first systematic investigation of ex-mental patients residing in a large Manhattan Single Room Occupancy hotel. Utilizing a "Network Profile" questionnaire, personal interviews, and participant observation, the study focuses on the relationship of social networks to the degree of personality disturbance and the chances of remaining in a nonhospitalized environment. The findings indicate that: (1) schizophrenics have significantly fewer numbers of personal contacts than nonpsychotics; however, even the most impaired schizophrenics are not totally isolated; (2) within the schizophrenic spectrum, there are differences regarding network size, multiplexity, directionality of relationships, and degree of connectedness; these findings are correlated with the ability of schizophrenics with minimal residual deficits to become important members of the hotel community; (3) small, nonmultiplex networks with a low degree of connectedness are correlated with more frequent rehospitalizations.

Group Structure↗
PubMed1978

Liver pathology in hycanthone hepatitis.

Histological examination of liver tissue from 3 patients who died 6, 4, and 9 days, respectively, after an intramuscular injection of 3 +/- 0.5 mg of hycanthone per kg of body weight for schistosomiasis, showed features of a toxic hepatitis with massive hepatic necrosis, many acidophil bodies and minimal inflammatory response in 2 patients, and confluent necrosis with early fibrosis in 1. Liver cells showed prominent fatty change. The former 2 patients had evidence of schistosomal granulomatous hepatitis. A follow-up liver biopsy in a 4th patient who had had hycanthone hepatitis with liver failure 1 year before showed good recovery with features of chronic persistent hepatitis.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1977

Granulomatous mastitis. A review of 5 cases.

A review of 67 cases diagnosed as granulomatous, tuberculous or fungal mastitis revealed 5 cases which were similar, clinically and histopathologically, to the new entity of granulomatous mastitis described by Kessler and Wolloch. The 5 patients were young women of childbearing age, 4 with breast lesions clinically simulating carcinoma of the breast. Histopathological examination showed granulomata and abscess formation confined to the breast lobules. No acid-fast bacilli or fungi were demonstrated. Granulomatous mastitis may be caused by a chemical reaction associated with contraceptive pill therapy, or may have an auto-immune or infective aetiology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Tuberculous mastitis. A review of 34 cases.

During a review of 67 cases of mastitis, 34 were diagnosed as cases of tuberculous mastitis. The majority of the patients with tuberculous mastitis were Black women. The mean age of the patients was 34 years. One patient was lactating and several were of postmenopausal age. All presented with unilateral breast masses, thought to be inflammatory in 10 and neoplastic in 10. In none was tuberculosis suspected clinically. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was based on the histopathological demonstration of tubercles, caseation and a granulomatous inflammation, with acid-fast bacilli in 5 instances. The differential diagnoses included duct ectasia, a foreign-body giant-cell reaction with fat necrosis, foreign material or an abscess, granulomatous mastitis, fungal mastitis, sarcoidosis and a syphilitic gumma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

When may research be stopped?

The prohibition of research with recombinant DNA must rely upon some argument that both establishes a principle, applicable to research in any sphere, identifying kinds of defect or hazard that are intolerable, and shows that recombinant DNA research is intolerably defective or hazardous in the ways specified by that principle. No such argument succeeds. Of arguments proposed to defend prohibition it may be fairly said either that the major premise (the principle of prohibition) is false, or when sound principles are put forward, that the minor premise (specifying recombinant DNA research as defective or hazardous in the ways called for) is far from established. There is no valid practical syllogism, having true premises, whose conclusion is that research with recombinant DNA should be stopped.

DNA, Recombinant↗
PubMed1977

Tubulin hoops.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1977

Microtubule structure at low resolution by x-ray diffraction.

Analysis of x-ray diagrams of oriented hydrated cytoplasmic microtubules shows that the tubule wall extends from about 70 to 150 A radially. The central region of the wall appears homogeneous, but the outside surface is subdivided by vertical grooves separating the 13 protofilaments and by a steep 10-fold family of grooves. The inside surface is dominated by the 10-start grooves with no clear subdivision between the protofilaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Stable chimerism induced in noninbred rabbits by neonatal injection of spleen cells from allotype-suppressed adult donors. I. Replacement of hemopoietic tissue by donor cells.

In the course of experiments designed to demonstrate an active mechanism of allotype suppression in rabbits, spleen cells from adult donors were transferred to newborn recipients. Among 23 rabbits that received injections, 4 stable chimeras were formed, as determined by the production of serum immunoglobulins marked with light and heavy chain allotypes. The other rabbits that survived the immediate postinjection period displayed a temporary chimeric state lasting up to several weeks, after which they either succumbed to graft-versus-host disease or rejected the donor cells. One chimeric animal was apparently repopulated by the hemopoietic cells of the donor's spleen. Insofar as could be determined, the recipient's blood cells became phenotypically identical to those of the donor. This condition manifested itself as a loss of the recipient gene products associated with both lymphocyte and erythrocytes, accompanied by a seemingly total replacement with those of the donor.

Aging↗