[Study of the development of the microvascularization of the human lacrimal gland].
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Angiography↗
Biomedical subjects
C Castelli
Publications and source records attributed to C Castelli.
Two autologous melanoma-specific and MHC-restricted human T cell clones with identical intra-tumour reactivity do not share the same TCR V alpha and V beta gene families.
Among tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) of a melanoma patient, A CD8+, WT31+ CTL clone (8B3) had been previously isolated which exhibited specific and MHC-restricted lytic activity against the autologous tumour. To molecularly characterize T cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta transcripts of clone 8B3, sequence analysis of several cDNA isolates was carried out. Such analysis indicated that the functional alpha and beta chain of 8B3 are composed of V alpha 2.1/J alpha/C alpha and V beta 8.2/D beta/J beta 1.2/C beta 1 gene segments. Eleven additional melanoma-reactive T cell clones from the same patient (one MHC-restricted and 10 MHC-unrestricted) were analysed for usage of the 8B3 V alpha 2 and V beta 8 gene segments by Northern blot hybridization. Neither the V alpha 2 nor the V beta 8 segments were used by 8D9, the second MHC-restricted melanoma-specific TIL clone that displayed intra-tumour reactivity identical to that of 8B3 recognizing only 4 out of 25 melanoma clones isolated from the same metastases. No V beta 8 expression was found among the MHC-unrestricted T cell clones and all but two (found in duplicate as 4C4 and 4A6) were also negative for V alpha 2 expression. Southern blot analysis revealed different TCR beta chain rearrangements in most MHC-unrestricted T cell clones providing evidence of their independent derivation. Taken together these findings show that TCR of clone 8B3 is unique in composition and not shared by MHC-unrestricted melanoma-reactive T cell clones. The different set of V alpha and V beta families used by clone 8D9 further indicates that the TCR usage in the specific and MHC-restricted response to melanoma can be polyclonal.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Prevalence and clinical significance of antiphospholipid antibodies to noncardiolipin antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus.
The specificity and immunoglobulin isotype distribution of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies have been evaluated in 68 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by ELISA which employed a panel of 7 different PL antigens. A total of 49 patients (72%) were positive for aPL antibodies of different isotypes and directed to one or more PL epitopes. Prevalence of IgG anticardiolipin (aCL, 37%) was similar to that of the other negatively charged PLs phosphatidylserine (PS, 35%), phosphatidylinositol (PI, 35%), phosphatidylglycerol (PG, 35%) and phosphatidic acid (PA, 40%); prevalence reduced to 9-12% and 7-16% respectively for IgM and IgA isotypes to the same antigens. aPL antibodies to the zwitterionic PLs phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were also observed, though their prevalence was lower than that demonstrated for negatively charged PLs. Of the 36 SLE patients who were aCL negative (53%), 17 (25% of all patients and 47% of aCL-negative patients) were positive for aPL antibodies of different isotypes to one or more non-CL epitopes. During a mean follow-up period of 30 months, 10 patients had deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with a total of 21 events. By chi 2 test, a significant correlation was found between DVT and IgG aCL (p = 0.03) and between this event and the presence of lupus anticoagulant (LA) antibody (p = 0.04). However, stronger correlations were demonstrated between DVT and IgA aCL (p = 0.007), IgG anti-PS (p = 0.02), and IgA anti-PC, -PI and -PG (p = 0.02, 0.003 and 0.02, respectively), whereas no correlation was found between thrombotic events and aPL antibodies with PE and PA specificities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
[Postural tenosynovitis caused by misuse of a computer input device (mouse)].
Several reports of postural problems among video display unit workers are available, most frequently involving the back, neck and shoulder. The case described is an example of tenosynovitis of the right wrist at the point where the wrist rests on the work surface while operating the mouse in a computer workstation (2-3 hours/day 6 days/week). The alteration was caused by a combination of friction and pressure on the wrist joint tendon due to the faulty positioning of the hand and wrist. This is the normal resting position for the wrist (inclined towards the ulnar side), and is thus the most natural position to adopt. The reported alteration, which responded to a short period of rest and treatment with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs for 2-3 days, is described as an example of common injury caused by an unusual faulty posture of the hand. The preventive measures suggested to avoid the occurrence of this type of injury include: (i) instead of resting the weight of the hand on the ulnar side of the wrist it should be distributed between the two pads of fatty tissue which form the base of the palm, (ii) the mouse button could be clicked with the third finger instead of the index finger in order to avoid the tendency of hand to roll into the faulty rest position.
Computer Terminals↗
[The approach to Achilles tendinopathies in athletes. Echographic aspects].
The recent great diffusion of sports has significantly increased the traumatic pathology of Achilles tendon. Owing to the importance of a correct diagnosis and prognosis and of an adequate therapy (especially for professionals), a clinical and radiological study has been performed. Echotomography has been associated with xeroradiography in 185 athletes with painful symptoms; among these 79 were normal while 106 showed various types of tendinopathies. The main results can be summarized; peritendinitis: non uniform thickening; hyperechogenicity of Kager's triangle; insertional tendinopathies: thickening; calcifications; tendinosis: thickening; degeneration nodules; tendinous ruptures: rough contours of the rupture; degeneration nodules. The good echotomographic results allowed a correct diagnosis in about 85% of the 39 surgically treated patients.
Achilles Tendon↗
[Professional and working conditions of newly licensed nurses in the province of Trento].
Aim of the survey was to gather information on the occupational situation of recently trained registered nurses of the Trento Province. 484 questionnaires were mailed to all the nurses that obtained their diploma from 1993 to 1995; 379 questionnaires (78%) were returned. Among the 70 subjects not working as nurses, 19 are unemployed, 12 study full time, 26 work full time in other professions, 11 are in the army, all the others work occasionally, but not as nurses. 46% are unsatisfied or partially satisfied with their job; 87.3% would choose again the nursing profession. 20% of the nurses would prefer to work on a part time basis.
Career Choice↗
The surgical treatment of trauma of the cervical spine. C3-C7 lesions.
The surgical treatment of trauma in the C3-C7 region must obtain three goals: preservation of life, preservation or restitution of good neurological function, and achievement of stabilization that allows for early rehabilitation. In our experience we have come to believe that the goals set out to be achieved may be obtained if a correct anatomical-pathological classification of the lesion and the mechanism that caused trauma are kept clear: these premises are necessary for the choice of treatment and, consequently, the most suitable route of access.
Bone Plates↗
Complications of prosthetic surgery in the dysplastic hip.
The complications of prosthetic surgery in the dysplastic hip have specific features that are related to the conditions that make the realization of an implant technically complex; the altered primary acetabular and femoral morphology, the sequelae of previous non-substitutive surgery, and the consequent possible upsetting of joint biomechanics. It is possible to distinguish between complications relative to the skeleton, joint biomechanics, and soft tissues. Prosthetization of the acetabular skeletal aspect may encounter frequent errors in reconstruction (incongruous reaming-too much or too little-the improper use of bone grafts), errors in orientation of the acetabular component (excessive verticalization and anteversion) that are considered early complications. The same technical errors may cause late complications in the implant, or its migration. At the femoral level the particular shape of the medullary canal and of the femoral neck may lead to defects in orientation in anteversion and fracture of the diaphysis. Possible complications of a biomechanical nature are essentially to be related to changes in the center of rotation in both a craniocaudal and a mediolateral sense and or to the heterometry of the limbs. In the soft tissues, muscle tension may become too much or too little, in relation to recovery of joint biomechanics; in cases with significant lengthening neurologic deficit may occur. Accurate preoperative planning (traditional x-rays and CT scan), the choice of the most suitable surgical route of access, and the different prosthetic models that adapt best to the different morphological situations, the expertise of the surgeon, are all essential elements in monitoring complications.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗