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Biomedical subjects

C Castellano

Publications and source records attributed to C Castellano.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1974

Effect of dissolved oxygen, temperature, initial cell count, and sugar concentration on the viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in rapid fermentations.

By using 7 x 10(8) cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae per ml with which 25 degrees Brix honey solutions were fermented to 9.5% (wt/vol; 12% vol/vol) ethanol in 2.5 to 3 h at 30 C, i.e., rapid fermentation, the death rate was found to be high, with only 2.1% of the yeast cells surviving at the end of 3 h under anaerobic conditions. As the dissolved oxygen in the medium was increased from 0 to 13 to 20 to 100% in rapid fermentations at 30 C, there was a progressive increase in the percentage of cells surviving. The ethanol production rate and total were not seriously affected by a dissolved oxygen concentration of 13%, but fermentation was retarded by 20% dissolved oxygen and still further decreased as the dissolved oxygen content reached 100%. When the fermentation temperature was decreased to 15 C (at 13% dissolved oxygen), the rate of fermentation decreased, and the fermentation time to 9.5% ethanol (wt/vol) increased to 6 h. It was found that the higher the temperature between 15 and 30 C, the greater the rate of death as initial cell counts were increased from 1.1 x 10(7) to 7.8 x 10(8) cells per ml. At the lowest level of inoculum, 1.1 x 10(7) cells per ml, there was actual multiplication, even at 30 C; however, the fermentation was no longer rapid. The addition of 15% sugar, initially followed after an hour by the remaining 10%, or addition of the sugar in increments of 2.5 or 5% yielded a better survival rate of yeast cells than when the fermentation was initiated with 25% sugar.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Deltorphin, a naturally occurring peptide with high selectivity for delta opioid receptors, improves memory consolidation in two inbred strains of mice.

Deltorphin, a heptapeptide that selectively binds to delta receptors, was intracerebroventricularly administered to mice belonging to the strains C57BL/6 and DBA/2 immediately after training in a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task. The retention performance of both strains was improved by the peptide administration, with DBA mice being more sensitive to this effect. The results show different effects of delta and mu receptor agonists on memory consolidation and of strain differences in number and/or distribution of delta opioid receptors in the brain.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cortex weight: a genetic analysis in the mouse.

Differences in forebrain weight, forebrain weight/body weight ratios, and body weight were examined for the RI strains, their progenitor strains, and reciprocal F1 hybrids. The experiment was done in two widely separated laboratories with identical procedures for feeding, watering, and removal of brain tissue. The resulting strain distribution patterns suggested the influence of two or more loci in each laboratory. However, brain weights differed in the two laboratories. Some of the strains examined exhibited increased weights for the variables under consideration, while others exhibited decreased weights or no change at all. Implications for generalizations drawn from observations obtained in any single laboratory were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal fluke infections: the heterophyids.

The food-borne small flukes infections are uncommon in Italy, because the parasite is strictly limited to certain areas of the world. Humans become infected by ingestion of parasitized fish that is raw, inadequately cooked or improperly-pickled or salted. Two case reports of intestinal infections by Heterophyies heterophyies are reported.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Length of social deprivation differently affects free-choice morphine consumption in C57BL/6J mice.

The effects of social deprivation on morphine consumption in C57BL/6J mice were investigated. Social or isolated animals (length of isolation: 7, 12, 17 days) were submitted to a free-choice between water and morphine hydrochloride solution (0.5 mg/ml). Isolation affects morphine consumption, with solitary housed mice drinking more morphine solution than socially housed animals. Moreover the amount of morphine intake depends on the duration of the isolation period to which mice are subjected. The importance of environmental factors on opiate consumption may be considered in terms of the possible implications of drug addiction in humans.

Analysis of Variance↗