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Biomedical subjects

C Caruso

Publications and source records attributed to C Caruso.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Depression of contact sensitivity to oxazolone by the paramyxovirus of Newcastle disease. Impairment by infectious virus of effector T cells which mediate the response to contactant.

The paramyxovirus of Newcastle disease (NDV) impairs the contact sensitivity to oxazolone in CBA/J mice: in vitro treatment with the infectious virus inhibits the passive transfer of contact sensitivity. Experiments performed with three different virus preparations demonstrate that only the infectious virus is able to inhibit the hypersensitivity reaction while treatment of virus by heat or ultraviolet irradiation wipes out its inhibitory activity. These results suggest that I-NDV depresses the response to oxazolone by its action on T immunoblasts which mediate the response to contactant.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Depression of contact hypersensitivity to oxazolone in mice exposed to Newcastle disease virus.

The effect of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on delayed hypersensitivity to oxazolone in CBA mice was studied. There was a significant impairment of the ability of mice to develop cutaneous hypersensitivity shortly after injection of the virus. The effect was evident when NDV was administered up to 2 days before or within 24 h after sensitization, suggesting that NDV interferes with the process of sensitization. The degree of depression was related to the dose of virus inoculated. NDV inactivated by UV irradiation or heat did not depress contact sensitivity to oxazolone. These data are considered to support the hypothesis that the depression is mediated by a direct interaction between lymphocytes and NDV.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Therapy of pneumogenous respiratory insufficiency. Preliminary physiopathology].

A physiopathological approach to the treatment of chronic pneumogenous respiratory insufficiency is proposed. To this end, disturbances of the ventilatory and alveolocapillary stages of the pulmonary respiratory function are discussed. Particular attention to distribution and diffusion disturbances and the main diseases to which they give rise. A treatment program based on these premises is put forward.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Effect of peptichemio upon localization of injected radiolabelled lymphocytes in the lymphatic organs of antigen-stimulated mice.

Increased localization (trapping) of lymphocytes occurs in lymphoid organs following antigenic challenge. The effect of peptichemio (PTC) upon lymphocyte trapping in lymph nodes and spleen was investigated: the results demonstrate that the drug diminishes trapping in lymphatic organs. The depression of lymphocyte trapping may provide at least one mechanism whereby PTC achieves it immunosuppressive effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Delayed-type skin reactions in bursectomized or thymectomized chickens.

Chickens can easily be induced to develop delayed-type skin reactions to oxazolone when animals are sensitized 7 days before the challenge. The reaction is quantitated by assessing the increase in wattle thickness: maximum reactions occur 24 h after challenge. The reaction is inhibited by neonatal thymectomy or bursectomy; these findings therefore suggest also an important B-derived component in delayed hypersensitivity to oxazolone.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Patient population and length of stay in a pneumologic hospital].

The patient population of a phthisiopneumological hospital over the years 1972 and 1973 is reviewed. The mean stay of patients with lung T. B. is determined and the most frequent pictures are described. It is suggested, contrary to what is sometimes maintained, that hospitalisation is still a valid form of management for such subjects. Reference is made to the diseases most commonly encountered in the pneumological sections. Notes of a policy and health type are offered with respect to the mean stay and the establishment of departmental status in hopefully envisaged.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Regulation of antibody formation in chickens escaping from tolerance to human serum albumin.

The immune capacity of chickens made tolerant to human serum albumin just after hatching was studied after a primary and secondary challenge at 7--14 weeks of age, of either 1 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg. The class and avidity of antibody produced by birds "escaping" from tolerance was similar to normal controls. The escaping chickens made a normal peak antibody response to a high dose but not to a low dose (except that the response to a low secondary dose after priming with a high dose was normal); but the decline of the antibody titer was abrupt, indicating inability to maintain the response. It is concluded that the antibody-forming capacity of B cells is normal, but regulation of antibody formation is impaired in previously tolerant chickens.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of residual B-cell function related to age at onset and genetic profile in newly diagnosed type I diabetics.

Patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus maintain B-cell function for a varying period of time after onset. This is commonly held to account for post-initial remission. To estimate residual B-cell function we measured plasma and 24-h urinary C-peptide in 68 type I diabetic patients (age range 4-35 years, within 10-180 days of the onset of symptoms, typed for HLA-A, -B, -C and DR loci. A positive correlation (r = 0.26; p less than 0.05) was found between urinary C-peptide levels and the age of the patient. The analysis of variance of urinary C-peptide values on the basis of the presence or absence of DR3 and DR4 antigens revealed that the DR3-positive patients had reduced excretion (15.2 +/- 9.2 SD micrograms/24h) with respect to the others (22.7 +/- 15.5 SD micrograms/24h) (F = 6.35; p less than 0.05). No interaction effect was found in DR3/4 positive patients. Hence, late onset patients appear to have higher residual C-peptide secretion. In the light of these findings, the assessment of B-cell function and genetic profile may be useful in predicting which patients are likely to have remission periods and identifying the metabolic consequences of even minimal endogenous insulin secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

HLA-B8,DR3 phenotype and lymphocyte responses to phytohaemagglutinin.

Several reports have shown that HLA-B8,DR3 positive subjects may display some changes in immune parameters when compared with HLA-B8,DR3 negative ones and are prone to develop several immunological diseases. In the present study we have analysed the proliferative response to phytohaemagglutin (PHA) in HLA-typed healthy subjects. A twin method was also employed to assess the role of genetic and environmental factors in the regulation of the response to the mitogen. It was not possible to demonstrate any difference in proliferative response to optimal doses of PHA between groups of subjects carrying or not carrying the HLA-B8,DR3 phenotype. When suboptimal responses were studied, however, the results showed that lymphocyte responses were significantly decreased in HLA-B8,DR3 positive subjects compared with the negative ones. Moreover, the experiments performed with twins demonstrated that environmental factors were more important than genetic factors in the proliferative response to mitogen. The fact that the HLA-B8,DR3 phenotype affects the suboptimal response to PHA although environmental factors are more important than genetic factors in the response to the mitogen seems of some interest. However, these results could be consistent with the high incidence of autoimmune disorders among HLA-B8,DR3 positive individuals.

Adult↗