[Human african trypanosomiasis. Immunoenzymological diagnosis].
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
Biomedical subjects
C Carrie
Publications and source records attributed to C Carrie.
[Production process in external radiotherapy and cost-inducers research in 2 hospital units].
PURPOSE: To analyse the process of outpatient radiation therapy by dividing it into elementary acts, and to determine the cost-inducers (staff and machine time, equipment) in order to enhance the value of radiotherapy activity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The care process was analysed from 1 June 1997 to 1 September 1997, in two institutions (Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Saint Etienne and centre de Lutte contre le Cancer de Lyon), in terms of consumption of human and equipment means, representing a cost for the care institution. The valorization was expressed in physics units for material means, and in time units for human and heavy equipment. Parameters able to modify the consumption of means had been defined. The following data had been collected for each activity: patient characteristics, characteristics of the process, specific parameters of each activity, data related to the care staff and care unit. RESULTS: The importance of the specific data of each activity was noteworthy. Two criteria modified the valorization: the complexity level of dosimetry and inclusion in a research trial. Total body irradiation and conformal radiotherapy were well individualized. There was no difference between the two care units. The lack of cost-inducers for the 'immobilization-simulation' activity reflects the large diversity of practice, and requires a global analysis of the 'treatment preparation' process. CONCLUSION: The cost-inducers found in this study could permit the elaboration of the 'relative cost index' in radiation therapy. (The results obtained must be validated in other types of care units.) These relative cost indexes would describe the various phases of the treatment, such as treatment preparation, dosimetry, treatment, quality control. This approach is currently used by workshops in PMSI (Programme de Médicalisation des Systèmes d'Information) and NGAP (Nomenclature Générale des Actes Professionnels).
Ambulatory Care↗
[Conformal radiotherapy in cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract].
The outcome of head and neck malignancies is closely related to the achievement of local tumor control. The occurrence of severe late complications is the consequence of the anatomic vicinity between dose-limiting normal tissues and the tumor, thus reducing the curative potential of radiotherapy. Conformal radiotherapy is presently actively investigated as a way to improve the dose distribution in head and neck malignancies (especially when originating from the nasopharynx or the sinuses) while protecting healthy organs. Such an approach requires a chain of sophisticated procedures, including efficient quality assurance programs, in order to achieve the proper degree of safety. The relatively limited clinical studies published to-date have already confirmed the advantage of conformal radiotherapy in terms of dose delivery. The development of beam intensity modulation is likely to further contribute to the improvement of the therapeutic ratio.
Adult↗
[Comparative study of immunoenzyme technics, ELISA and on formed antigens, in the immunologic diagnosis of African trypanosomiasis].
The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of human african trypanosomiasis is described, comparatively with the immunoperoxidase technique using blood streamforms of Trypanosoma brucei as antigen. Practical aspects for measuring the amount of antibody in serum samples from infected rabbits and from patients with african sleeping sickness are discussed. ELISA does offer important advantages over the other method used namely: -- quantitative estimates are possible, -- it bends itself readily to large scale series, owing the fact that it can be fully automatic. These qualities will be turned to full account when the different classes of antibodies present in trypanosomiasis suffers can be examined by means of specific antigenic fractions.
Adolescent↗