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Biomedical subjects

C Carpentier

Publications and source records attributed to C Carpentier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Polymorphism in Sp1 recognition site of the EGF receptor gene promoter and risk of glioblastoma.

We investigated two polymorphisms of the epidermal growth factor receptor promoter as potential risk factors and prognostic markers for glioblastoma. The -216T allele (which results in a 30% higher activity) was more frequent in the patients compared with the control population (224/376 = 59.6% vs 165/352 = 46.8%; p = 0.0006) corresponding to an odd ratio of 1.67 (1.24; 2.25). A modest difference in median survival was also associated with the TT genotype.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Co-sleeping and sudden infant death syndrome].

Bedsharing has recently become a controversial subject. Some authors, mainly from North America, assign to bedsharing a positive effect on the efficacy and duration of breast-feeding. Moreover, it would protect against sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Conversely, other studies consider bedsharing as an additional risk factor for SIDS. From the literature data, there is some evidence for an increased risk of SIDS when bedsharing is associated with maternal smoking and alcohol consumption. Bedsharing cannot be recommended as an absolutely safe practice. Breast-feeding mothers should be aware of these potential hazards.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Evaluation of retinal involvement in type 2 diabetics with microalbuminuria].

BACKGROUND: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the presence of microalbuminuria, reflecting a widespread vascular damage, can be a marker of nephropathy, retinophaty and cardiovascular diseases. AIM: To study the relationship between microalbuminuria and the frequency, severity and outcome of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with type 2 diabetes were subjected to a clinical examination, serial monitoring of blood pressure and quarterly measurement of microalbuminuria by RIA. Annually, a fundoscopy, a color photography of the posterior pole and retinal angiofluorescence were performed. Retinopathy was classified as basal (mild to moderate), preproliferative and proliferative. Sixty-four normoalbuminuric patients (urinary albumin of less than 30 mg/24 h) were included in group 1 and 36 patients with a urinary albumin over 30 mg/24 h in group 2. Fifty seven patients with normal blood pressure were randomly treated with enalapril or placebo and those with hypertension received enalapril or acebutolol to normalize blood pressure. RESULTS: Sixty one percent of group 1 patients and 41% of group 2 patients has retinopathy (p < 0.05). The retinal lesions were proliferative in 41% of group 2 patients and in 8% of group 1 patient (p < 0.05). Retinopathy was present in 67% of hypertensive patients of group 2 and in 41% of hypertensive patients of group 1. An unfavorable evolution of retinopathy was observed in 22% of group 2 patients and in 5% of group 1 patient (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In type 2 diabetic patients, the presence of microalbuminuria is a prediction of a higher frequency, severity and dismal evolution of diabetic retinopathy (Rev Méd Chile 2000; 128: 1085-92).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Prematurity and sudden infant death syndrome. Polysomnography in question].

Systematic recording of cardiorespirographic events has been recommended by some authors in premature and/or very low birth weight infants before or shortly after hospital's discharge. Their objective is the recognition of babies at risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and prevention by home monitoring. After an extensive review of the recent literature, prematurity itself does not appear as a risk factor of SIDS. Late apneas are common, but their prognostic significance remains uncertain. Although it is clear that bronchopulmonary dysplasia carries a greater risk of acute life threatening events and infantile death, their prevention mainly relies upon an adequate oxygen supplementation. As a consequence no more than the general infant population, premature infants require neither polysomnographic recording nor home monitoring.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal motility disorders in infants with vagal hyperreflectivity presenting severe syncope].

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux and abnormalities of esophageal motility in a population of neonates referred for apparently life threatening event (ALTE) and presenting vagal hyperreflectivity. POPULATION AND METHODS: The study included 17 infants, who were examined after an ALTE. They were admitted at a mean age of 11.7 weeks (range 1-40 weeks). Vagal hyperreflectivity was confirmed in each infant by oculocardiac reflex. Before treatment, 24-hour intraesophageal pH-monitoring and esophageal manometry were performed. RESULTS: pH-monitoring and esophageal manometry were both normal in only two patients. pH-monitoring showed pathological reflux (% of time with pH < 4 more than 4.8%) in 10/17 (59%) patients. Manometric studies showed esophageal dysmotility in 12/17 (71%) of patients. Hypertensive lower sphincter was noted in 11/17 (65%) infants. Patients with normal manometry were older than patients presenting with esophageal dysmotility (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study shows a high frequency of gastroesophageal reflux and dysmotility in infants with vagal hyperreflectivity. Hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter as well as vagal hyperreflectivity may correspond to dysmaturity of autonomous nervous system and facilitate the occurrence of ALTE.

Esophageal Motility Disorders↗
PubMed1997

Plasma exchange in Rasmussen's encephalitis.

The authors observed a 4-year-old girl who has Rasmussen's encephalitis. She started with frequent localized and generalized seizures. Standard antiepileptic treatment was almost ineffective. The frequency of the generalized seizures decreased, but the myoclonic jerks of the left part of the body persisted. An EEG showed partial status epilepticus. The results of the CT scan were normal. Antibodies to viruses were absent from the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. An MR scan showed a T2-weighted hypersignal zone in the right frontal region. Intravenous bolus injections of corticosteroids and drips of immunoglobulins were inefficient, and we started plasma exchanges which have continued for 9 months. The clinical state stabilized, and the images on the MR scan improved, but the results of the EEG did not improve. The authors discuss the effect of the plasma exchange, the use of which is questionable in this disease.

Brain↗
PubMed1996

Immunocytochemical localisation of NK3 receptors in the dorsal vagal complex of rat.

Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrate that neurons of the rat dorsal vagal complex (DVC) express NK3 receptors. The density of NK3-immunoreactive neurons depends of the different subnuclei of the nucleus tractus solitarii. The efferent vagal neurons of the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve highly express NK3. No NK3-immunoreactivity has been detected in the area postrema. Ultrastructural examination shows that NK3-immunoreactivity is principally present at non synaptic membrane of somatic and dendritic profiles. Therefore, neurokinin B and/or other ligands may act through a process of volume transmission on non synaptic NK3 receptors in the DVC.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Respiratory syncytial virus infections and apnea in low birth-weight infants].

Respiratory syncytial virus infection was observed in 20 infants of less than 6 months of age who had a low weight at birth, were premature and/or presented with intra-uterine growth retardation. Except for rhinitis, which was present in all cases, the symptoms were closely correlated to the gestational age: beyond 48 weeks they were those of a common lower respiratory tract infection, but below 48 weeks attacks of apnea predominated, associated or not with signs of bronchitis. The apnea was of central origin, although there was no meningo-encephalitis; it regressed completely and without sequelae within a few days. In spite of similarities (notably of terrain) with disorders of respiratory command regarded as predictive of the sudden infant death syndrome risk, such children must be considered definitely cured after the initial episode. Including them in a long-term monitoring programme does not seem to be justified.

Apnea↗
PubMed1979

Lymphoplasmacytic myeloma: an immunological, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

An unusual case of a light chain plasma cell myeloma is described. The disease was initially characterized by a diffuse lymphoplasmacytic bone marrow involvement, but subsequently developed widespread extramedullary metastases with anaplastic tumors in the skin which histologically resembled a "histiocytic lymphoma." Electron microscopic examination, in vitro protein synthesis of bone marrow lymphoidal cells, chemical and immunochemical studies of serum and urine proteins, and intracellular immunoglobulin study by the immunoperoxidase technique on the skin biopsy and postmortem tumor tissue demonstrated evidence for lambda light chain synthesis and secretion. These findings provide further support to the notion that the wide spectrum of diverse morphologic patterns seen in lymphoplasmacytic disorders originates from the same progenitor B-lymphoid cell. Distinguishing anaplastic variant of plasma cell myeloma from other undifferentiated neoplasms offers a challenge.

Bone Marrow↗