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Biomedical subjects

C Carlsson

Publications and source records attributed to C Carlsson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Propranolol in the treatment of alchoholism: a review.

In the withdrawal phase of chronic alcoholism, hyperkinetic circulation, characterized by increased cardiac output, is the rule. Even in alcoholics who have been sober for a long time, increased cardiac output is very common and these changes are similar to those seen in some patients with labile hypertension. This could be caused by psychic tension. In the withdrawal phase propranolol was found to normalize the circulation and to reverse the decreased peripheral vascular resistance. We observed that the patients seemed to be calm after 40 mg of propranolol by mouth. In a double blind study of propranolol and placebo this effect was confirmed and in another study 120 mg of propranolol a day was compared to 30 mg of diazepam a day (double-blind, crossover). Using different psychological methods all significant differences are in favour of propranolol. The findings are in agreement with other reports. It is our clinical impression that propranolol is a useful drug for psychic tension symptoms in chronic alcoholism. Very few side effects have been found.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Hemodynamic effects of thiothixene and chlorpromazine in schizophrenic patients at rest and during exercise.

The hemodynamic effects and plasma levels of noradrenaline were studied in schizophrenic patients at rest and during exercise after long-term treatment with chlorpromazine (150-600 mg daily) and thiothixene (60-80 mg daily). The results are compared with those from previous studies in untreated patients and patients receiving very large doses of chlorpromazine. The effects of thiothixene on the different hemodynamic variables were very moderate, and the observed differences between this group and the control group may be due to the different patient materials. In the two groups of patients receiving chlorpromazine, the heart rate at rest and durng exercise tended to be higher than in the control group. There was also a tendency towards a lower stroke volume after this drug and thiothixene during exercise. The noradrenaline levels in plasma were highest after the high dose of chlorpromazine both at rest and during exercise, while they were lower after the moderate chlorpromazine dose. After thiothixene, the values were between those of the group on the low chlorpromazine dose and those of the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Postnatal ontogenetic development of neurogenic and myogenic control in the rat portal vein.

The postnatal ontogenetic development of neuro-effector control in vascular smooth muscle of the single-unit type has been studied in the rat portal vein. Contractile activity was recorded isometrically in isolated preparations from rats 2-38 days of age and in adults rats. Spontaneous activity, characteristic of the adult portal vein, appeared abruptly during the third postnatal week. Whereas, induced responses to noradernaline (NA) and acetylcholine (Ach) appeared early during the first week and responses to transmural nerve stimulation occurred at the end of the first week. The appearance of spontaneous activity was accompanied by significant increases in sensitivity to NA (log ED50) and to transmural nerve stimulation (frequency giving half maximum response), but not to Ach. Also, maximum responses for NA and nerve stimulation relative to Ach responses tended to increase during the first three weeks. It is concluded that the development of a mechanism supporting myogenic propagation as revealed by highly synchronized spontaneous contractions is an important factor for promoting the effectiveness of sympathicoadrenergic control in this type of vascular smooth muscle.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Metabolic changes in the cerebral cortex of the rat induced by intravenous pentothalsodium.

The effects of thiopental on cerebral metabolism were evaluated by means of measurements of cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) and of tissue levels of organic phosphates, glycolytic substrates, citric acid cycle intermediated and selected amino acids. Shortly after the beginning of thiopental administration, CMRO2 was reduced to half the normal value, and there were signs of retardation of glycolytic flux at the phosphofructokinase step. Inhibition at this regulatory enzymatic step could be related to an increase in phosphocreatine and a fall in inorganic phosphate concentration. The rise in phosphocreatine, and the unchanged levels of ATP, ADP and AMP demonstrate that induction of anaesthesia with thiopental is unrelated to energy failure. Changes in citric acid intermediated included a fall in malate, and probably also in citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate and fumarate, with a tendency towards reduction in the pool of citric acid cycle intermediates; and the amino acid changes were dominated by a progressive rise in aspartate. It is suggested that these changes are secondary to a reduced rate of pyruvate delivery, and to a decrease in malate/oxaloacetate ratio.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗