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C Carbon

Publications and source records attributed to C Carbon.

335 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Efficacy and safety of low-dose aztreonam in the treatment of moderate to severe infections due to gram-negative bacilli.

One hundred fifty-three patients with moderate to severe infections due to gram-negative bacilli, including septicemia (60 cases), lower respiratory tract infection (32 cases), intraabdominal infection (40 cases), and urinary tract infection (21 cases), were treated with aztreonam (1 g every 12 h). This dosage is lower than usual. Criteria for inclusion in the study included documented infection due to gram-negative bacilli and a measurement of severity of disease of less than 12 (as defined by a Simplified Acute Physiology Score for the 115 cases of community-acquired infection). Other than aztreonam, no antibiotic active against gram-negative bacilli was allowed to be used for treatment. Seventy-one patients in whom gram-positive or anaerobic organisms were detected or suspected were given additional agents effective against the organisms. One hundred forty-one patients (92.2%) were cured; the mean duration of treatment was 10.9 +/- 4.0 days. None of the gram-negative bacilli initially isolated became resistant to aztreonam. Colonization, generally by a gram-positive organism, was observed in 27 patients and superinfection was observed in five. Aztreonam was well tolerated. This study suggests that a dosage of 2 g daily of aztreonam should be appropriate in the treatment of moderate to severe infections due to susceptible gram-negative bacilli.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Levofloxacin adverse effects, data from clinical trials and pharmacovigilance].

With 5388 patients in the marketing application dossiers and post-marketing experience of more than 130 million prescriptions of levofloxacin worldwide, the tolerability profile of this anti-infective is now well defined. During clinical trials, 12 per cent of patients treated with levofloxacin experienced an adverse event considered to be related to the study drug compared with 13 per cent of the patients with a comparator. Nausea and diarrhoea were the most frequent adverse effects. During clinical trials, the frequency of tendinitis, psychotic episodes and seizures was less than 0.1 per cent. Following recent concerns with some fluoroquinolones, specific attention was paid in post-marketing surveillance worldwide. The notification rate of significant severe liver injuries (hepatitis, necrosis, hepatic failure) has been less than 1 for 5 million prescriptions. Cardiac tolerability is satisfactory and the phototoxic potential of levofloxacin is one of the lowest amongst fluoroquinolones.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pseudomembranous colitis caused by antibiotic therapy. Results of a survey of the patient material from the praxis of 900 gastroenterologists].

A retrospective study conducted by interviewing French gastroenterologists was performed with the objective of evaluating the incidence and etiology of pseudomembranous colitis in cases where the diagnosis has been confirmed by coloscopy. This study allowed to collect data on 878 pseudomembranous colitis observed by 438 gastroenterologists within 6 months. It shows evidence of the importance of various antibiotics in the etiology of pseudomembranous colitis (89% of the identified cases). The following is the list of antibiotics or antibiotic classes, in increasing order of their association with the development of pseudomembranous colitis: macrolides which are very rarely associated, a group represented by cefaclor, cefuroxime axetil and cyclins, which are rarely associated, a third group constituted by amoxicillin, ofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole which appears to be 2 to 3 times more frequently associated than the previous group, and a fourth group of antibiotics, represented by cefixime and the association amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, which is 7 times more frequently associated than antibiotics of the second group.

Adult↗