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Biomedical subjects

C Capella

Publications and source records attributed to C Capella.

172 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Low incidence of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer syndrome in a selected area of the Lombardy Cancer Registry.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Epidemiological investigations on the frequency of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome are few and have shown a variable worldwide incidence ranging from 1% to 7% of all colorectal cancers (CRCs). In Italy, relevant differences have been observed: 2.8-3% of all CRCs in northern regions and less than 1% in southern regions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the HNPCC incidence in a selected area of northern Italy belonging to the Lombardy Cancer Registry. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: We analyzed 197 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed CRCs, histologically verified, and resident in two areas of the Lombardy Cancer Registry. For each case, genetic counseling with at least three generations pedigree reconstruction, HNPCC classification according to Amsterdam criteria, molecular analysis for microsatellite instability and immunohistochemistry for hMLH1 and hMSH2 were performed. RESULTS: A very low frequency (0.5%) of HNPCC fulfilling the Amsterdam criteria was found in comparison to the other Italian areas. Such an incidence seems to be due to actual population differences and reflects a genetic heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: The data underline the importance of a precise knowledge of actual HNPCC incidence in different populations in order to optimize effectiveness and efficiency of screening programs for the disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric carcinoids of argyrophil ECL cells.

Histochemical and ultrastructural studies were carried out in four gastric carcinoids, two of which were associated with atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia. All tumors showed intense argyrophilia and vesicular granules resembling those of endocrine enterochromaffinlike (ECL) cells in normal human gastric mucosa. Tumor cells were found to be unreactive to all the 18 available antiserums to gut hormones, including gastrin, somatostatin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptides. The tumors were interpreted as ECL cell argyrophil carcinoids with the various degrees of differentiation and atypia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructural features of neuroendocrine differentiated carcinomas of the breast.

The ultrastructural patterns of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiated breast carcinomas are analyzed and discussed. Reports in the literature describe wide variations in the size of observed dense-core membrane-bound granules and discrepancies in their interpretation. In the present study 24 cases of breast carcinoma with recognized morphologic, histochemical, and immunocytochemical features of NE tumors were investigated. Five different types of dense-core granules of neurosecretory (NS) type (confirmed by the ultrastructural localization of chromogranin A) and five different cell types were recognized. Some amphicrine cells were found to contain both mucin and NS granules. Another notable ultrastructural feature of breast NE carcinomas was the presence of clear vesicles of presynaptic type, which correlated with expression of synaptophysin.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Natural history, clinicopathologic classification and prognosis of gastric ECL cell tumors.

A series of 50 gastric endocrine tumors classified according to Rindi et al. [1] comprised 12 small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) and 38 ECL cell carcinoids, of which 22 associated with type A chronic atrophic gastritis (A-CAG), eight with hypertrophic gastropathy due to combined Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia and Zollinger/Ellison syndrome (MEN/ZES), and eight sporadic. Variables found to predict tumor malignancy were: size > 2 cm, > 2 mitoses and > 130 Ki67 positive cells/10 high power fields (HPF), grade 2 or 3 histology, angioinvasion, p53 protein nuclear accumulation, and the presence of a single tumor. None of these factors increased significantly the predicting ability of tumor classification itself, although grade 2 + 3 shows 100 percent negative predictive value and Ki67 and angioinvasion 100 percent positive predictive value. When the mostly non-malignant A-CAG and MEN-ZES tumors were analysed against the mostly malignant sporadic and NEC tumors, a positive predictive value of 90 percent and a negative predictive value of 93 percent was obtained. Investigation of a larger tumor series is under way with the aim to develop an optimal model for prognostic evaluation of gastric endocrine tumors.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distinct patterns of chronic gastritis associated with carcinoid and cancer and their role in tumorigenesis.

A series of 60 gastric endocrine tumors comprised 44 body-fundus argyrophil carcinoids, of which 23 arose in a background of hypergastrinemia and type A chronic atrophic gastritis (A-CAG), mainly with histologic patterns suggestive of an autoimmune process. Only 22 percent (compared with 19 percent of 58 tumor-free A-CAG cases) of 36 carcinoids and 21 percent of 19 A-CAG carcinoids investigated had Helicobacter pylori (HP) colonization, against 50 percent of 14 CAG-associated neuroendocrine carcinomas or mixed endocrine-exocrine tumors, 84 percent of 150 cases with early gastric cancer (p < 0.001 versus carcinoids), mostly with B- or AB-type CAG, 76 percent of 97 tumor-free AB-CAG, and 95 percent of 151 tumor-free B-CAG cases. Secondary hypergastrinemia and local mechanisms activated by chronic autoimmune gastritis are among factors involved in the pathogenesis of relatively indolent CAG-associated carcinoids, whereas active HP gastritis in cooperation with environmental carcinogens may likely cause more severe epithelial transformation, leading to ordinary cancer and, possibly, to neuroendocrine carcinomas or mixed endocrine-exocrine tumors.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal type adenocarcinoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Histological and immunohistochemical study of 14 cases].

Fourteen cases of intestinal-type adenocarcinomas (IADC) of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were studied at the Regional Hospital of Varese during the period from 1973 to 1988. They were 13 males and 1 female, mean age 57.5 years; the five year survival was 25% and tumors were preferentially located in the ethmoidal sinus. Morphological study and the use of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies made it possible to define the structural features of IADC and to detect specific antigenic markers such as CAR-5 (a glycoprotein contained within intestinal goblet-cells) and M1 (a glycoprotein contained within gastric foveolar cells). For comparison 10 cases of colonic adenocarcinomas and 14 cases of non-AIDC carcinomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses were also examined. The parallel morphological and immuno-histochemical investigations based on specific markers demonstrated that it was impossible to differentiate IADC from large bowel adenocarcinoma for both the structural pattern and antigenic expression. Moreover, AIDC also showed a CAR-5 and M1 immunoreactivity (IR) different from that displayed by the nasal carcinomas of different histotypes. From a histopathological standpoint IADC appears to be a distinctive entity even when compared to salivary gland tumors. In addition, the present immunohistochemical investigation demonstrates that gastric and intestinal glycoproteic antigens (M1 and CAR-5 respectively) occur in the normal nasosinusal mucosa. Both CAR-5 and M1 were observed in the mucous produced by nasal goblet cells with a distribution pattern resembling that of colonic goblet cells. Therefore, the present data confirm the similarity between nasal and colonic goblet cells which has already been pinpointed in previous morphological and ultrastructural studies. The common antigenic expression shared by the naso-sinusal and colonic mucosa might suggest a histogenetic hypothesis alternative to those of the malformative or metaplastic origin of naso-sinusal IADC.

Adenocarcinoma↗