Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C C Yeh

Publications and source records attributed to C C Yeh.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Bovine chromosome 4 workshop: consensus and comprehensive linkage maps.

The report of the bovine chromosome 4 (BTA4) workshop is presented. Six laboratories contributed a total of 30,168 informative meioses from 62 loci. Twenty-two loci were typed by at least two independent laboratories and were used to construct a consensus linkage map of BTA4. The remaining 40 loci were subsequently incorporated into a comprehensive map. The sex-averaged consensus map covered 131.4 cM. The female map was 124.3 cM in length, while the male map was 134.3 cM. The comprehensive sex-averaged map spanned 141.6 cM. The length of the female and male comprehensive maps were 123.1 cM and 156.4 cM, respectively. Average genetic distance between loci was 6 and 2.3 cM for the consensus and comprehensive linkage maps, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

An intronic NF-kappaB element is essential for induction of the human manganese superoxide dismutase gene by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1) are cytokines that induce expression of various genes through activation of the redox-sensitive transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). We have previously cloned the entire human MnSOD (SOD2) gene and found several NF-kappaB-binding sites in the 5' and 3' flanking and intronic regions. To test whether these putative NF-kappaB-binding sites are able to respond to TNF and IL-1, we performed induction analysis using various deletion constructs ligated to a luciferase reporter gene. We found that the 5' and 3' flanking regions containing several NF-kappaB-binding sites do not mediate MnSOD induction by TNF or IL-1. When a 342-bp intron 2 fragment containing NF-kappaB, C/EBP, and NF-1 binding sites was linked to the basal promoter of the SOD2 gene, transcriptional activities were significantly increased in response to TNF and IL-1 in an orientation- and position-independent manner. To accurately identify the element that is most critical for the enhancer activity, deletions and specific mutations of each individual site were studied. The results indicated that the NF-kappaB binding site is essential but not sufficient for TNF- or IL-1-mediated induction. Furthermore, NF-kappaB elements in the 5' and 3' flanking regions could be made to function in TNF or IL-1 induction when they were transposed to the intronic fragment. Taken together, these results suggest that an NF-kappaB element and its location in the SOD2 gene is critical for TNF/IL-1-mediated induction. However, a complex interaction between NF-kappaB and other transcription elements is needed for a high-level induction.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Preincisional dextromethorphan treatment decreases postoperative pain and opioid requirement after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

UNLABELLED: In the present study, we examined whether preincisional treatment with dextromethorphan (DM) provides preemptive analgesia. Ninety patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included. Patients receiving chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) 20 mg via an IM injection 30 min before skin incision were designated as the control group. Patients in Group A received DM 40 mg (containing CPM 20 mg) IM after removal of the gallbladder, whereas in Group B, DM 40 mg (containing CPM 20 mg) was administered IM 30 min before skin incision. Meperidine (1 mg/kg IM) was given for postoperative pain relief as required. Times to first meperidine injection, total meperidine consumption, worst pain score, bed rest time, and side effects were recorded for 48 h after surgery. Times to first meperidine injection were 9.3+/-15.9, 17.4+/-3.4, and 28.6+/-3.9 h for the control group and Groups A and B, respectively. The total meperidine consumption was 90.7+/-11.9, 77.5+/-12.7, and 20.0+/-4.4 mg for the control group and Groups A and B, respectively. The worst visual analog pain scores were 6.0+/-0.2, 6.0+/-0.2, and 4.0+/-0.4 for the control group and Groups A and B, respectively. The bed rest times were 21.0+/-0.5, 20.0+/-0.5, and 19.0+/-0.4 h for the control group and Groups A and B, respectively. The number of patients who required meperidine injection was 26, 22, and 12 for the control group and Groups A and B, respectively. We conclude that DM is more effective in producing postoperative analgesia when it is administered preincision rather than after the gallbladder removal treatment, which suggests a preemptive analgesic effect. IMPLICATIONS: Preincisional dextromethorphan (40 mg IM) treatment offers a preemptive analgesic effect, thus improving the postoperative pain management.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1999

Ephedrine-induced complete atrioventricular block with ventricular asystole during rapid concomitant phenytoin infusion: a case report.

Ephedrine is widely used to elevate blood pressure, however, one should be cautious to use it concomitantly with phenytoin infusion in neurosurgical procedures. A 59-year-old female was admitted for craniotomy with removal of metastatic brain tumor. During operation phenytoin infusion was given to forestall postoperative seizure. Hypotension, bradycardia and complete atrioventricular block followed by ventricular asystole suddenly occurred when the patient was given ephedrine to elevate the blood pressure to see the hemostatic effect close to the end of operation. We discontinued the phenytoin infusion and immediately injected 1.5 mg epinephrine. She was successfully resuscitated. We conclude that when phenytoin is used intraoperatively it should be administered by an infusion pump at a rate of less than 25 mg/min and under continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm, heart rate, and blood pressure. When pressure support is required, the use of a pure alpha-agonist may minimize the risk of adverse reactions in the presence of phenytoin infusion.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1999

Postoperative intramuscular dextromethorphan injection provides postoperative pain relief and decreases opioid requirement after hemorrhoidectomy.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that dextromethorphan (DM) produces an analgesic/antihyperalgesic effect. This study was designed to examine whether postoperative DM intramuscular (i.m.) injection could reduce post-hemorrhoidectomy pain. METHODS: At the end of the surgery, patients in the study group (n = 30) were given an intramuscular injection of 40 mg DM and 20 mg chlorpheniramine (CPM) while in the study group (n = 30), the patients were given intramuscular 20 mg CPM only. Pethidine (1 mg/kg, i.m.) was prescribed for postoperative pain relief if required. The time to first pethidine injection, total pethidine consumption, worst pain score, and pethidine-related side effects were recorded for 48 h postoperatively. RESULTS: The time from the end of operation to the first pethidine injection was 5.4 +/- 1.6 h and 17.8 +/- 3.7 h (P = 0.006) in the control group and the study group, respectively. Total pethidine consumption was 139.5 +/- 11.5 mg and 77.5 +/- 12.2 mg (P < 0.001) in the control group and the study group, respectively. The worst VAS score was 7.5 +/- 0.2 and 7.1 +/- 0.2 (P = 0.09) in the control and the study groups, respectively. The number of patients who required pethidine injection was 29 and 21 (P < 0.005) in the control and the study groups, respectively. The number of patients who suffered pethidine-related side effects was 7 and 1 (P < 0.025) in the control and the study groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found that intramuscular DM given at the end of operation could provide good postoperative pain relief and decrease the pethidine requirement after hemorrhoidectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The expression of cytokeratin 18 in transitional cell carcinoma comparing with hepatoma.

The epithelium in kidneys and urinary bladders contain CK18 as in liver cells. The modulation of cytokeratin 18 during tumor transformation in hepatoma had been previously recognized through a series of biochemical and immunological approaches. A 14 KD hepatoma related molecules was found in the previous studies. We would like to utilize the hepatoma transformation model to study the changes in CK18 in transitional cell carcinoma, using immunoblotting and western blotting techniques. The result is that transitional cell carcinoma retain their CK18 molecule. Furthermore, CK18 related molecules similar to those seen in hepatoma also present in transitional cell carcinoma. The conclusions are transitional cell carcinoma contains CK18 related proteins similar to those seen in hepatoma tissues. We suggest that this element would be responsible for the change during the malignant transformation processes.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1999

Stabilizing of cytokeratin in PLC/PRF/5 cells.

There are two sorted groups of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) in forms of assembly and disassembly in PLC/PRF/5 cells. A subcellular shifting is found in association with conditions of microtubule networks. The finding shows that CK18 mostly in forms of assembly, when microtubule networks are in status. The result also reveals that CK18 is relatively in forms of disassembly, while microtubule networks are disrupted in steps. It indicates that intact microtubule networks are probably a stabilizing factor of assembled CK18. It implies that CK18 is not a stable molecule when the cell is under environmental stress.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1998

Transcriptional regulation of the 5' proximal promoter of the human manganese superoxide dismutase gene.

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a primary antioxidant enzyme critical for maintaining normal cell function and for survival. Previously, we cloned the entire MnSOD gene, including a 0.782-kb 5' DNA sequence, from a human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line. Sequence analysis indicates that the promoter of the human MnSOD gene is TATA-less and CAAT-less, and the DNA sequence immediately upstream from the transcription start site is GC rich. To study the function and regulation of the human MnSOD promoter, we cloned a 257-bp sequence (P7) containing the transcription start site and the 5' GC-rich region. Consensus analysis and DNase I footprinting assay indicated that P7 contains multiple Sp1- and AP-2-binding sites. Deletions of the P7 sequence diminished the promoter activity and decreased the response to Sp1 protein. The first three Sp1 consensus sites were required for high promoter activity in mammalian cells and enhanced promoter activity in Drosophila Schneider Line 2 (SL2) cells. In the SL2 cells, Sp1 activated the P7 activity in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, cotransfections with AP-2 expression vector marginally increased P7 activities in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. The results suggest that Sp1 is an important regulator for the transcriptional activities of P7, whereas AP-2 is a minor activator for P7 and competes with Sp1 for binding sites which may downregulate P7 function.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Effects of garlic compounds diallyl sulfide and diallyl disulfide on arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity in strains of Helicobacter pylori from peptic ulcer patients.

Arylamine N-acctyltransferase (NAT) activities with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) were determined in the bacterium Helicobacter pylori collected from peptic ulcer patients. Two assay systems were performed, one with cellular cytosols, the other with intact cell suspensions. Cytosols or suspensions of H. pylori with or without specific concentrations of diallyl sulfide (DAS) or diallyl disulfide (DADS) co-treatment showed different percentages of 2-AF and PABA acetylation. The data indicated that there was decreased NAT activity associated with increased levels of DAS or DADS in H. pylori cytosols and suspensions. Viability studies on H. pylori demonstrated that DAS or DADS elicited dose-dependent bactericide affects on H. pylori cultures. The data also indicated that DAS and DADS decreased the apparent values of K(m) and Vmax of NAT enzyme from H. pylori in both systems examined. This report is the first demonstration that garlic components can affect H. pylori growth and NAT activity.

Allyl Compounds↗
PubMed1998

Halothane requirement--a comparison between laryngeal mask airway insertion and endotracheal tube intubation in pediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: The present study was to determine the effective concentration of halothane for insertion of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and for intubation of endotracheal tube (ETT) in pediatric patients. METHODS: Forty-eight ASA class 1 patients, aged from 10 months to 6 years, scheduled for minor elective surgery were randomly assigned to two groups i.e., LMA and ETT. The concentration of halothane effective in fifty percent of patients (EC50) was determined by the up-and-down method (with 0.5% as a step size). After the predetermined concentration of halothane delivered from a calibrated vaporizer was established and maintained for 20 min, LMA insertion or ETT intubation was attempted without the patient being curarized. The response of patient to LMA or ETT was reported either as "movement" or "non-movement". The effective concentration and associated 95% confidence limits were determined in each group. RESULTS: An effective concentration of halothane for LMA insertion was 1.5 +/- 0.4% (95% confidence limits 1.4-1.7%), whereas that for ETT intubation was 2.3 +/- 0.5% (95% confidence limits 2.1-2.5%). The difference between these two values was statistically significant (p < 0.01). Airway reflexes after LMA insertion were minimal. CONCLUSIONS: The insertion of LMA could be performed at a significantly less halothane concentration in comparison with ETT intubation in children.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMed1998

Manipulation of epidural catheter that has migrated restores adequate postoperative analgesia--a case report.

The use of epidural anesthesia and analgesia is ordinary in patients undergoing total knee replacement (TKR). As many as 23% of epidural anesthetics may not provide satisfactory analgesia for women in labor. A similar condition is encountered following the operation of TKR. We reported a case in whom the in-place epidural catheter which functioned well for surgical anesthesia previously migrated to an intervertebral foramen postoperatively and led to failure of providing post-operative analgesia. With deliberate manipulation we succeeded in restoring its function and analgesia showed up again.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in mouse liver: effects of dietary lipid, vitamin E and iron.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary fat, vitamin E and iron on oxidative damage and antioxidant status. Male Swiss-Webster mice (1 mo old) were fed a basal vitamin E-deficient diet that contained either 8% fish oil + 2% corn oil or 10% lard with or without 1 g dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate. The diets without vitamin E contained either 0.21 or 0.95 g ferric citrate/kg. Diets were fed for 4 wk/kg diet. Compared with the vitamin E-supplemented groups, mice fed diets without vitamin E (with or without supplemental iron) had significantly (P < 0.05) higher hepatic levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), conjugated dienes and protein carbonyls when they were fed fish oil, but not lard. The levels of TBARS were further increased by iron supplementation in the mice fed fish oil. Significantly lower concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and higher glutathione (GSH) were found in the liver of mice fed fish oil and vitamin E than in those fed lard and vitamin E (P < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were lower in the fish oil-fed mice than in those fed lard (P < 0.05). The activities of Se-GSH peroxidase, non-Se-GSH peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase were not altered by dietary fat or vitamin E/iron. The results obtained provide experimental evidence of the prooxidative effects of high dietary fish oil and iron, and suggest that vitamin E protects not only lipid-soluble compounds, but also water-soluble constituents, against oxidative damage. Further, dietary lipid plays a key role in determining cellular susceptibility to oxidative stress.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

The alteration of cytokeratin 18 molecule and its mRNA expression during tumor transformation in hepatoma.

The cytokeratin 18 related molecules of human hepatocellular carcinoma have been previously recognized through a series of biochemical and immunological approaches. It is suggested that these molecules undergo modulation from human hepatocyte cytokeratin 18. To prove whether these molecules are produced by modulation or protein degradation, we checked the cytokeratin profile of human hepatoma cell line PLC/PRF/5 with the methods used before. These results revealed that the PLC cells have the same cytokeratin 18 related molecules as human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue. The gene expression of the cytokeratin 18 in non-tumor liver tissues, hepatocellular carcinoma and PLC/PRF/5 cells were investigated. First, the mRNAs of non-tumor liver tissues, hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and PLC/PRF/5 cells were collected by the acid guanidinium thiocyanate phenol chloroform method. After transcription into cDNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, the cDNAs of each specimen were amplified by PCR and then digested by SmaI and BamHI restriction enzymes. The digested cDNA fragments were electrophoresed in agarose gel and the base pairs were found to be the same in length between neoplastic and non-neoplastic hepatocytes.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1996

Genetic and physical mapping of the bovine X chromosome.

Three hundred eighty reciprocal backcross and F(2) full sib progeny from 33 families produced by embryo transfer from 77 Angus (Bos taurus), Brahman (Bos indicus), and F1 parents and grandparents were used to construct genetic maps of the bovine X and Y chromosomes. Ml individuals were scored for 15 microsatellite loci, with an average of 608 informative meioses per locus. The length of the bovine X chromosome genetic map was 118.7 cM (female only) and of the pseudoautosomal region was 13.0 cM (male only). The 15-marker framework map in Kosambi centimorgans is [BM6017-6.1 -TGLA89-35.8-TEXAN13-3.4-TGLA128-1.3 -BM2713 -21.1 -BM4604-2.4-BR215 - 12.9-TGLA68-10.0-BM4321 - 1.0-HEL14-4.9-TGLA15-2.3-INRA12O- 12.5-TGLA325- 1.6-MAF45-3.2-INRA3O], with an average interval of 7.91 cM. Clones containing pseudoautosomal or sex-linked microsatellites were isolated from a bovine bacterial artificial chromosome library and were physically mapped to bovine metaphase chromosomes by fluorescence in situ hybridization to orient the X and Y chromosome maps. BAC57, containing the pseudoautosomal microsatellite INRA3O, mapped to the distal end of the long arm of the X chromosome at q42-ter and to the short arm of the Y chromosome at p13-ter. This confirms the published assignment of this region to Ypl2-ter, but challenges the published assignment of Xpl4-ter and thus reorients the X chromosome physical map. BAC2O4, containing the X-linked microsatellite BM4604, mapped to the middle of the long arm of the X chromosome at q26-q31. The position of the physically mapped markers indicates either a lack of microsatellite markers for a large (30 to 50 cM) region of the short arm of the X chromosome or heterogeneity of recombination along the X chromosome.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Colonization and bionomics of Forcipomyia taiwana (Diptera:Ceratopogonidae) in the laboratory.

An improvement in colonizing the biting midge Forcipomyia taiwana (Shiraki) was achieved by a new technique that facilitated the rearing of the midges and induced them to mate in the laboratory. At temperature of 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees C, the development duration of the egg, 4 larval instars, and pupa decreased as temperature increased. Among 7 different diets, the blue green algae, Anabaena sp.Ch3, was the best food for rearing the midges. When the larvae were fed on the blue green algae at 25 degrees C, they needed 12 d to pupate, the pupation rate was 71.4%, the emergence rate was 80.2%, and the average longevity of the male and the female 38.3 and 22.6 d, respectively. When 120 paris were kept in a plastic cage (60 by 60 by 60 cm), swarming and copulation occurred during 0700-0900 and 1700-1800 hours. Swarm occurred throughout the cage and consisted of 10 males. The copulation was performed on the wall and the bottom of the cage, and the average duration was 290 s.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Microinjections of SCH23390 and haloperidol into striatal subregions differentially affect water intake in the rat.

The nigrostriatal dopamine neurotransmission system is known to mediate various types of functional behaviors. Systemic administration of dopamine antagonists impairs drinking behavior induced by different dipsogenic agents. The present study was designed to further characterize the potential neural loci for hypodipsia under dopamine receptor blockade of the striatum via local administrations of SCH23390 and haloperidol. Water deprived rats were bilaterally implanted with cannula aimed at either the dorsomedial or ventrolateral striatum (DMS or VLS). Water intake was measured for 30 min after the intrastriatal microinjection. Results showed that the VLS site was more sensitive to DA receptor blockade than the DMS site to affect water consumption. However, only local infusion of haloperidol, rather than SCH23390, into the VLS site significantly reduced water intake. These data indicate that drinking performance can be sensitive to the heterogeneous functions of the striatum associated with specific dopamine receptor subtypes.

Animals↗