Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C C Hsu

Publications and source records attributed to C C Hsu.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

High rate of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized nursing home patients.

Three series of studies were conducted between 1984 and 1986 at two community hospitals in Chicago to determine the frequency of methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized nursing home patients. Overall, 76 (49%) of 155 patients with S aureus clinical isolates admitted from 25 nursing homes had methicillin-resistant S aureus. In 1986, 53.1% of patients with S aureus infection or colonization among nursing home patients had the resistant strain, in contrast with 13.2% among patients from the community. A high incidence of methicillin-resistant S aureus infection or colonization is a clinical feature of nursing home patients. This observation may lead to an improvement in the clinical management of the patients suspected of having S aureus infection and alterations in the current policy of nursing homes that bar admission of patients carrying the resistant bacteria.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Isolation of dermatan sulfate with high heparin cofactor II-mediated thrombin-inhibitory activity from porcine spleen.

We prepared dermatan sulfate specimens from various porcine tissues, and compared their heparin cofactor II-mediated thrombin-inhibitory activities and chemical natures, including disaccharide composition. Electrophoresis of the specimens on cellulose acetate membrane indicated that spleen dermatan sulfate was the most acidic of the dermatan sulfates prepared from the various porcine tissues. Analysis of the disaccharide units of the dermatan sulfate specimens by high-performance liquid chromatography revealed that spleen dermatan sulfate was rich in 4,6-di-O-sulfated N-acetylgalactosamine residues as compared with those of the other tissues. Spleen dermatan sulfate exhibited the highest thrombin-inhibitory activity, which may be related to its high content of the disulfated N-acetylgalactosamine residue.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

High-resolution real-time ultrasound in Peyronie's disease.

Sonography is not considered to be a radiation hazard; it is noninvasive and can be widely used for examining external genitalia. We examined six cases of Peyronie's disease of the penis by high-resolution real-time ultrasound. The sonographic findings include a thick echogenic plaque with echogenicity similar to or higher than the tunica albuginea; a calcified plaque in thickened tunica albuginea; and are occasionally associated with calcification in the corpora cavernosa. Sonography may clearly localize the abnormal thickened area of collagen deposition and calcification. Repeated sonography after intracavernosal papaverine injection may further confirm the correlation of the plaque and the abnormally curved erectile penis. Doppler ultrasound may be used for further evaluation of the vascular condition if impotence coexists.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Dengue vector density survey in Liuchiu, Pintung, Taiwan].

The first outbreak of dengue in Taiwan in 35 years was recorded in the summer of 1981 in Liuchiu, Pintung, a small offshore island of southern Taiwan. An investigation team visited the affected area during the period of 14-17 October 1981 and collected 8,641 mosquito larvae, of which 4,432 were Aedes aegypti and 4,182 were Ae. albopictus. The house index, container index and Breteau index were 44.2, 23.9 and 73.0 for Ae. aegypti and 41.3, 17.0 and 51.9 for Ae. albopictus, respectively. Both species of mosquitoes are peridomestic breeders, with larvae found in water-holding containers in or outside houses. Ae. albopictus is indigenous, but Ae. aegypti may be of recent introduction to the island. As the two species are closely related, the larvae of both species were found co-existent in only 2.3% of positive containers. This supports the hypothesis of the "competitive exclusion principle", i.e., competition is possibly occurring on this island.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Enhancement of antigen expression on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells by cell incubation.

Leukemic cells from blood and/or marrow specimens of 64 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients were examined for the expression of the Ia-like antigen (Ia) or ALL cell-associated antigen (ALLA) employing indirect immunofluorescent techniques before and after overnight incubation (18 hours) at room temperature in Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium 1640. In 20 cases, the post-incubation cells showed an augmented intensity of the fluorescent stain and an increased (greater than 15%) percentage of the ALLA and/or Ia-bearing cells. Evaluation of cell viability after incubation and of non-specific staining in control preparations using normal rabbit serum in lieu of specific rabbit antiserum to ALLA or Ia excluded selective cell death and increased non-specific stain as causes of the observed increase in fluorescent cell staining. The enhanced antigen expression was observed in those samples in which antigens were detectable on only a small fraction of the leukemic cells. The results demonstrate the necessity of re-examination of leukemic cells for the presence of ALLA and Ia following overnight incubation especially in antigen negative cases.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

Cognitive performance and academic achievement of Japanese, Chinese, and American children.

Chinese, Japanese, and American children at grades 1 and 5 were given a battery of 10 cognitive tasks and tests of achievement in reading and mathematics. Samples consisted of 240 children in each grade in each culture. 2 major purposes of the study were to determine possible differences in cognitive abilities of Japanese, Chinese, and American children and to investigate the possible differential relation of scores on cognitive tasks to reading by children of the 3 cultures. Similarity was found among children of the 3 cultures in level, variability, and structure of cognitive abilities. Chinese children surpassed Japanese and American children in reading scores; both Chinese and Japanese children obtained higher scores in mathematics than the American children. Prediction of achievement scores from the cognitive tasks showed few differential effects among children of the 3 cultures. The results suggest that the high achievement of Chinese and Japanese children cannot be attributed to higher intellectual abilities, but must be related to their experiences at home and at school.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical and immunochemical comparison of fibronectin and polynectin from porcine plasma.

Polynectin, a glycoprotein of porcine blood plasma (also known as glycine-rich gelatin-binding protein (Isemura, M., Sato, N., and Yosizawa, Z. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 14854-14857] is similar to fibronectin with respect to binding characteristics to affinity gels. However, no immunoprecipitation reaction was observed either between polynectin and anti-fibronectin antiserum, or between fibronectin and anti-polynectin antiserum prepared in the present experiments. No cross-reaction was found between fibronectin and polynectin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Immunohistochemical studies revealed the presence in abundance of polynectin in intestinal and gastric glands. It was found that the pattern of distribution of polynectin was entirely different from that of fibronectin. Polynectin, in contrast to fibronectin, exhibited no cell attachment-promoting effects on BHK-21, a baby hamster kidney cell line, and a cell line of human embryonic lung fibroblasts. In addition, changes in binding characteristics to affinity gels after reduction and alkylation differed between polynectin and fibronectin. Although both proteins appear to have similar carbohydrate chains in view of the similar reactivities with lectins, the results of the present experiments demonstrated that polynectin is entirely different from fibronectin.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1984

The spectrum of immunologic abnormalities and clinical findings in homosexually active men.

Clinical and laboratory evaluations of 181 men were performed; the population studied included 131 homosexual or bisexual men (who were stratified into one of three groups on the basis of symptomatology and abnormal findings on physical examination), 39 heterosexual men (who served as controls), and 11 men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The presence of specific symptoms and/or lymphadenopathy in homosexual men was associated with perturbation of immunoregulation. A large percentage of asymptomatic, homosexually active men had abnormalities in lymphocyte numbers, subpopulations, and subclasses. Symptomatic individuals had clinical findings, immunologic alterations, and abnormalities of hematopoiesis similar to those found in patients with AIDS. These data suggest that clinical evaluation in conjunction with laboratory studies may serve to identify individuals at increased risk of developing AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Coexpression of multiple immunoglobulin isotypes on human B-lymphocytes.

Endogenous immunoglobulin (Ig) determinants on blood B-lymphocytes (B-cells) were investigated in 13 healthy individuals, 9 patients with thyrotoxic Graves disease, 5 patients with chronic sarcoidosis, and 4 patients with IgA deposition in renal glomeruli. Specificities of goat antisera to Ig determinants were confirmed by studying Ig isotypes on leukemic B-cells. Absence of nonspecific attachment of the goat antisera was ascertained by reacting cells with goat IgG. Lymphocytes were distinguished from monocytes by morphology and by reacting monocytes with rhodamine-conjugated immune complexes. The endogenous nature of the cell surface Ig was established by an antibody-prelabeling technique as follows: after the surface Ig had been labelled with fluorescent antibody, the cells were cultured for 3 days. Antibody-prelabelled surface Ig diminished by the third day of incubation because of shedding. Thus restaining of the cells at the end of the culture identified the membrane Ig determinants expressed during the incubation. Our results indicated that endogenous gamma and alpha chains were present on B-cells of all donors. In Graves disease, epsilon chain was also found. In all cases of Graves disease, 2 cases of sarcoidosis and 2 normal individuals, gamma, alpha, mu and delta chains were present on the majority of B-cells suggesting coexpression of these heavy chains on a single cell. I conclude that all 5 Ig isotypes may be coexpressed on B-cells under certain clinical conditions.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1983

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in a patient with multiple risk factors.

To our knowledge, we report the first case of a homosexually active man with severe hemophilia A in whom acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) developed. Alterations in cell-mediated immunoregulation and development of AIDS have been described in both healthy homosexually active men and heterosexual men with hemophilia A. Patients with multiple risks may be more likely to have AIDS develop. Physicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with AIDS; persons with multiple predisposing factors require intensive examination and close follow-up.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Topical vaginal drug delivery I: effect of the estrous cycle on vaginal membrane permeability and diffusivity of vidarabine in mice.

Preliminary studies showed that the vaginal membrane permeability coefficients for vidarabine (9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine) varied widely within a group of mice of the same species and age. This finding prompted an investigation of the influence of the female mouse sexual cycle on the vidarabine permeability. By means of a vaginal smear technique, the sexual cycle, which was approximately 5 days in duration, was divided into five phases. The vaginal membrane permeability of vidarabine was determined during each phase. The results revealed that the permeability coefficients for vidarabine during the diestrus phase (3 X 10(-6)-4 X 10(-5) cm/sec) were 10-100 times higher than those obtained at the early estrus or estrus phases (1-3 X 10(-7) cm/sec). Further permeation studies on membranes at early estrus and estrus were performed by separating the cornified layer from the noncornified portion of the membrane. The low permeability coefficient of vidarabine across the cornified layer (4 X 10(-7) cm/sec) suggests that this layer may be the major diffusion barrier for vidarabine when the drug is topically applied. Collectively, the data also suggest that during estrus a three-layer diffusion model is appropriate, that during early diestrus a single-layer diffusion model may apply, and that during proestrus and postestrus the situations are intermediate and more complicated.

Animals↗