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Biomedical subjects

C C Bird

Publications and source records attributed to C C Bird.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1972

Leukaemia evoked with 7,8,12-trimethylbenz(a)anthracene in rat. 3. Changes in lymphoid tissues.

Profound changes in the level of certain dehydrogenase enzymes were observed in lymphoid tissues of rats involved by erythroblastic stem cell leukaemia. In lymphoid tissues free of leukaemic involvement, activity of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) always exceeded that of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In those which contained substantial infiltrates of leukaemic cells, activity of LDH was increased while MDH activity was reduced. In leukaemic spleen significant changes were observed in the molecular forms of LDH; the proportion of LDH-5 (muscle-type LDH) was greatly increased while the other molecular forms were reduced. The spleen of rats with leukaemia exhibited a marked increase in the normal level of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis but the rate of respiration was unchanged.The terminal stages of stem cell leukaemia in the rat are characterized by wide-spread leukaemic infiltration of liver and other tissues. Lymph node involvement, however, was found to be selective. Coeliac lymph nodes greatly exceeded other lymph node groups in their incidence of leukaemic involvement. It is considered that the selective nature of lymph node involvement in stem cell leukaemia derives from topographical considerations.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Protection from the embryopathic effects of 7-hydroxymethyl-12-methylbenz(a)anthracene by 2-methyl-1,2-bis-(3-pyridyl)1-propanone(metopirone, Ciba) and beta-diethylaminoethyldiphenyl-n-propyl acetate (SKF 525-A).

Pretreatment with Metopirone (40 mg.) or SKF 525-A (2 mg./100 g. maternal body weight) protected aganist the embryotoxic and teratogenic actions of7-OHM-12-MBA) (2.5 mg/100 g. maternal body weight) in the Sprague-Dawley rat. At the doses administered SKF-525-A was a more efficient protector than Metopirone. The adrenocorticolytic actions of 7-OHM-12-MBA in the maternal adrenal glands were also prevented by these compounds and a close correlation existed between the degree of protection of the maternal adrenals and of the foetuses. It is suggested that the ultimate embryopathic substance is a metabolite of 7-OHM-12-MBA.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1970

The possible carcinogenic effects of radiations on the uterus.

The carcinogenic effects of radium and X-rays on the rat uterus have been investigated. Malignant endometrial tumours, usually adenocarcinomas, were produced in a small proportion of treated rats. One rat treated with X-rays developed an adeno-sarcoma (possibly carcino-sarcoma) of the endometrium. Benign mixed polypoidal endometrial tumours occurred also in radium and X-ray treated rats and in non-radiated controls; radiation increased the incidence of these tumours and may have induced malignant transformation in some. The incidence of lymphosarcomas and mammary tumours in the strain of rat used appeared to be influenced by radiation treatment.Review of the literature of human cases of mixed uterine tumours showed that in women over 40 years, more than one-fifth of the reported cases had a history of previous pelvic radiation; with other kinds of uterine malignancy a history of prior radiation treatment was considerably less. The results of our experiments enhance the suspicion that radiations are one factor in the causation of uterine cancer, especially mixed tumours.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphometric differences between cytologically benign and malignant serous effusions.

The morphometric differences between benign and malignant serous effusions, as diagnosed by standard cytologic criteria in 95 unselected cases (50 benign and 45 malignant), were studied using the IBAS semi-automated image analysis system, which calculates various parameters from tracings of cellular and nuclear outlines. Fourteen cases were also stained for cytokeratin proteins (with the CAM 5.2 antibody) by the immunoperoxidase technique and reanalyzed for positive cells. Significant differences were found for mean values between cytologically benign and malignant cases for cellular and nuclear areas, perimeters and maximum diameters, but not for two form factors. Some differences were enhanced in the CAM 5.2-stained cases. Real morphometric differences in samples of cells from benign and malignant cases are the basis of cytologic diagnosis. Fully automated diagnostic systems could operate on arbitrary threshold values, but there is considerable overlap in specimen means for all parameters between benign and malignant cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human lymphoid cell lines and glucocorticoids: I. Characterization and cytolethal responses of lymphoblastoid, leukaemia and lymphoma lines.

Using various genotypic and phenotypic markers 20 human lymphoid cell lines have been classified as lymphoblastoid, leukaemia or lymphoma subtypes. Each cell line type exhibited characteristic morphological and behavioural properties in suspension culture. Whilst most lymphoblastoid and lymphoma cell lines manifested B-cell phenotypes and contained Epstein Barr virus (EBV) genome, leukaemia lines demonstrated T-cell markers and lacked EBV genome. Individual cell lines demonstrated unique isoenzyme profiles for the seven polymorphic enzymes studied without subtype specificity. None of the cell lines studied was entirely homogeneous although lymphoblastoid lines contained only a minor subpopulation of other cell line types. The mixed population of cells indicate the need for caution in the use of these cell lines as in vitro models of lymphoid cancer and suggests further refinement of classification methods is required. Incubation of different cell line types with prednisolone for 48-168 h revealed most were highly resistant to cytolethal and cytostatic effects of glucocorticoids in vitro. Suprapharmacological doses of steroid (10(-3) M) were required in most instances before significant cytolethal responses occurred. Only one lymphoblastoid, one lymphoma and two leukaemia lines responded to pharmacological doses (10(-5)-10(-6) M) of prednisolone.

B-Lymphocytes↗