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Biomedical subjects

C Burri

Publications and source records attributed to C Burri.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

An in vitro bioassay for quantification of melarsoprol in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

A biological assay was developed for measuring melarsoprol in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with human African trypanosomiasis. Trypanosomes were cultivated in microtiter plates for 72 hours with melarsoprol (Mel B) in concentrations of 1.25 micrograms/ml to 2.2 ng/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Mel B for a reference Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense clone was determined by microscopical examination. Samples of serum or cerebrospinal fluid were incubated under the same conditions and the highest dilution determined which caused death of all trypanosomes. The melarsoprol concentration of the sample was then calculated using the sample dilution and the determined minimal inhibitory concentration of the trypanosome population used for the assay. The test was validated using a number of reference samples and it was used for melarsoprol determination in serum- and cerebrospinal fluid samples taken from two treated patients. A sample size of 100 microliters was sufficient to perform the assay. The lower detection limit was 9 ng/ml (22.6 nmol/ml). The assay has potential for measuring other trypanocidal drugs in body fluids.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Gravity suction drainage--an alternative to suction drainage in trauma surgery? A prospective randomized comparison in knee operations and hip joint alloarthroplasty?].

In two prospective randomized studies the common drainage system according to Redon was compared with the gravity system according to Robinson in 80 patients undergoing elective knee joint surgery and in 60 patients undergoing total hip replacement. By use of clinical criteria such as output volume and rate of hematomas in both groups no statistically significant difference could be established. However, there is a tendency to a lower hematoma rate in patients with knee joint operations and treated with the Robinson system. On the other hand after total hip replacement a tendency to lower hematoma rate was observed in the Redon group. These differences can be explained by the different output volumes after hip and knee joint operations. Probably the Robinson system cannot drain as much volume as the Redon system. A further explanation could be that after hip replacement an external compression cannot be sufficiently performed compared to the knee joint operations. Furthermore the remaining subfascial cavity after hip replacement should be drained with suction in order to reduce the extent of the cavity. This point of view is supported by the observation that the gravity system seems to be only an overflow one in clinical practice. The main advantage of the Robinson system is the significant lower pain score when removing the drainages and even when the drains are lying in situ. This advantage, however, is possibly a relative one, when the Redon drains are removed without suction. So the postulation that the Robinson system should be generally introduced in orthopedic surgery cannot be accepted. At the moment there are indications for both systems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Reconstructive surgery of malunited elbow fractures].

Fractures of the elbow may result in deformity, pseudarthrosis and arthritis, which lead to painful and restricted use of the joint. The operative treatment of these late complications includes osteotomies, surface reconstruction, arthrolysis, arthroplasty, alloarthroplasty and arthrodesis. Indications, operative techniques and results are described and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Chronic post-traumatic osteitis].

Chronic osteomyelitis manifests itself predominantly by suppuration and sinus tract formation, radiologic alterations and increased sedimentation rate. Therapy of the productive-purulent form of p.o. consists in debridement, stability, irrigation drainage or local application of collagen-gentamycin or Taurolin, filling off the osseous defect by autogenous cancellous bone, soft tissue defects are closed by local pediculed muscle-flaps (gastro-cnemius/soleus) or by transplantation of muscle- (latissimus) or skinflaps (radialis) with microsurgical anastomosis. Less productive forms of posttraumatic osteomyelitis may be treated by debridement, stability, local antiinfectious therapy, bone transplantation (if needed) and treatment of soft tissue defects in a one-stage procedure. Amputation is indicated in an extremity involved with bone infection, when there is simultaneous uncorrectable circulatory disorder in combination with neurological defects.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Factors affecting plasma levels of ketoconazole during long-term treatment.

In the present study we intended to obtain information on the evolution of near-peak blood levels during long-term treatment. 56 patients with an indication for systemic treatment of nail or skin mycoses obtained a daily dose of 200 mg ketoconazole. They were periodically checked for blood level of ketoconazole, clinical and mycological status and enzyme values. The average blood level was 2.8 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml plasma. The blood level was not influenced by the length of the treatment. A correlation between blood level and weight or sex was not observed, whereas a significant negative correlation occurred between blood level and age (age group 15-30 years: 3.9 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml; 46-60 years: 2.4 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Carbon fiber reinforced polysulfone implants for tumor surgery of the spine].

Anterior tumor removal, cord decompression and spinal stabilization gain in significance in surgical treatment of vertebral tumors. An implant system, consisting of a basket as vertebral body replacement, plates and screws, was developed using carbon fibre reinforced polysulfone. This system allows to perform individually shaped, stable and short-distance spine fusions from an anterior approach. Moreover its radiolucence facilitates postoperative care and irradiation. Operative technique and clinical experience are demonstrated in two patients.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1989

[Malignant tumor (including metastasis) as a cause of pathologic fracture].

Pathological fractures due to primary malignant bone tumors are extremely rare. The first step in their treatment is biopsy and stabilization with external or internal fixation including bone cement. The tumor is then typed, graded and staged. A multimodal therapy follows. In cases of bone metastases the tumor is immediately removed and internal fixation or endoprostheses are used for stabilization. Operative procedures and results are demonstrated in patients with metastases of the proximal femur.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Incidence and course of early local complications following surgery of the locomotor system (2)].

In the department of traumatology, hand surgery, plastic and rehabilitation surgery of the University of Ulm, a prospective study was carried through over a period of 5 years (1980-1984) to record all early local complications; their course and final outcome were observed throughout this period. A total of 30,217 operations were performed, and we observed a total of 527 (i.e. 1.74%) perioperative and early postoperative complications in 447 patients. This rate remained nearly the same throughout the observation period. The complication most often found was postoperative hematoma, with an incidence of 0.61%; the hematoma had to be removed in a second operation in two-thirds of all cases. The next most frequent complication was infection of soft tissue and bones (incidence 0.49%), followed by lesions of nerve fibres (0.22%) and disturbances of wound healing and necrosis (0.15%). In comparison with those complications we were seldom confronted with luxations after implantation of femoral head prostheses, incorrect internal fixation, refractures and ischaemia after lesion of blood vessels. Most complications were localised in the knee (21.2%) and the lower leg (18.3%). We only observed 148 early complications (infection rate 0.49%), with 54 occurring in bones and joints and only 94 in soft tissue. In open fractures the infection rate totalled 2.03% and in closed fractures, 0.16%. We observed 14 joint infections (infection rate 0.16%), with 3 infections after the implantation of femoral head prostheses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1988

[Accomplishments of tumor surgery in tumors of bone].

Progress in the difficult field of bone tumor surgery is based on team work (centers for oncology) and knowledge of radical oncological surgery and compartment resection. Each resection results in defect of bone and/or soft tissue. Increased possibilities are provided by new implants and intraoperatively custom-made prosthesis when combined with biological procedures (muscles, vessels, nerves), especially the preservation of function and weight-bearing capacity of the extremity by bone transplantation.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1988

[Open fractures of the elbow joint].

Both in open and in closed elbow fractures, anatomical joint reconstruction and rigid internal fixation, which permit early initiation of motion, are essential for good joint function. However, in open distal intraarticular humerus fractures this is more difficult to achieve, owing to the high rate of comminuted types C 2 and C 3 fractures. In addition, the extensive soft tissue lesions often mean that physiotherapy cannot be started until later than would otherwise be desirable. This retrospective study shows that the functional results in 60 patients operated on for correction of open distal intraarticular humerus fractures were worse (1/3 "excellent/good", 2/3 "moderate/poor") than those in patients treated for closed fractures. Complications included superficial infection in 7 patients, osteitis in 11, late instability in 10, fatigue failure of the implants in 5, and non-union in 10 patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Causes and pathophysiology of infection of the knee joint].

The origin of an infection of the knee joint can be of an endogenous/hematogenous nature or, in posttraumatic cases, of an exogenous nature. Hematogenous infections are found mostly in children, but also in patients with reduced immune functions, e.g. after organ transplantations. Posttraumatic joint infections are caused by open injuries, intraarticular injections, operations, or they can be transmitted from the surroundings. They are relatively rare after accident surgery and orthopedic surgery. Two statements are of special importance for pathophysiology: 1. An intraarticular infection will lead to lesions of the hyaline cartilage within a period of 24 to 48 hours. 2. The substrate exchange is reduced by the reflex immobilization which will result in a additional damage to the cartilage.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1987

[Stable soft tissue reconstruction using an autochthonous muscle flap transposition and simultaneous bone reconstruction in post-traumatic and osteitis defects of the lower extremity].

Posttraumatic soft tissue and bone defects can pose problems for the surgeon. Autogenous bone from the iliac crest may be used to fill bone defects. To achieve bone healing, a well vascularized recipient site for the graft is important. Local muscle flaps or distant microvascular flaps improve vascularity by introducing a fresh blood supply. Cellular and humoral antibodies are more effective and allow quicker revascularisation of the transplanted graft. 49 soft tissue defects were treated by local muscle flaps. In 14 cases the soleus, in 28 the gastrocnemius, in three the tibialis anterior, in two the abductor hallucis, and in two the gracilis muscle was transposed. 38 cases had posttraumatic osteitis, in eight the defect was merely a soft tissue defect and in three due to tumour excision. In 24 patients a combination of soft tissue repair and cancellous bone grafting was performed. Four flaps failed because of total or partial necrosis. In all cases full weight bearing on the leg with good soft tissue cover was achieved.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

[Surgical therapy of pelvic tumors].

Results in 72 patients with primary tumors of the pelvis and in 140 patients with metastases are reported. Classification, localization, type of resection and reconstruction including bone grafts, osteosynthesis and internal hemipelvectomy are described. In benign and low grade malignant bone tumors continuity resections and pelvic reconstructions give good oncological and functional results. In high grade malignant bone tumors and soft tissue sarcomas the 5-years-survival rate is only 37% respectively 19%. Metastases of the pelvis and proximal femur are treated by combinations of metal implants and bone cement as well as by different types of total hip prostheses.

Adult↗