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Biomedical subjects

C Buchwald

Publications and source records attributed to C Buchwald.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

The presence of human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas, demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction with consensus primers.

The frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) in sinonasal papillomas seems to vary considerably. The highest frequencies have been reported by investigators using in situ DNA or RNA hybridization. Few studies have used polymerase chain reaction, and in these reports the frequency of HPV detection is rather low. We have investigated the presence of HPV in sinonasal papillomas using the polymerase chain reaction with a set of degenerated consensus primers, which amplify the vast majority of the known HPV types. Human papillomavirus was found in three of 14 papillomas. By in situ hybridization the same three papillomas were positive for HPV type 6/11.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Observer variations in the evaluation of facial nerve function after acoustic neuroma surgery.

This investigation was performed in order to evaluate the observer variations in facial nerve function after surgery for an acoustic neuroma. From 1976-90, 507 patients were operated on by the same surgical team (M.T. and J.T.) using a translabyrinthine approach. One hundred and forty-four patients living in Copenhagen City and County were invited for interview and objective examination. Only 128 patients attended the interview and examination which were carried out by the same ENT physician. Data concerning observation of the facial nerve function only is presented. Its function was clinically evaluated (using the House and Brackmann (1985) grading scale) by two different observers i.e. the ENT physician and one of the surgeons. The patients were asked face-to-face with the ENT physician to estimate the degree of facial nerve function according to a 0-100 per cent scale. Comparing normal and abolished facial nerve function the judgments of the ENT physician and the surgeon agreed with the patient's own evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Abscess on the neck after a Christmas meal].

A man aged 23 years sustained a blunt injury to the neck. An unusually large haematoma and an abscess developed. The clinical picture, pathogenesis and treatment are described.

Abscess↗
PubMed1992

Some aspects of life quality after surgery for acoustic neuroma.

This investigation was performed to describe some aspects of the quality of life in subjects after translabyrinthine removal of an acoustic neuroma, resulting in unilateral total deafness. Two hundred ninety-three subjects who had been operated on during 1976 through 1990 and who were living outside the Copenhagen (Denmark) City and County received a postal questionnaire, to which 93% (n = 273) responded: 118 men and 155 women with a median age of 58 years (range, 18 to 81 years). The median observation period from surgery to the questionnaire was 6 years (range, 6 months to 14 years), and the median age at operation was 52 years (range, 15 to 76 years). Among the subjects, 22% had received postoperative hearing rehabilitation with various types of hearing aids in the ear not operated on. In 62%, tinnitus was experienced in the ear with tumor before surgery, and at the time of the questionnaire, 49% experienced tinnitus in the ear operated on. Half a year after surgery, 56% still experienced dizziness. Sixty-four percent reported damage to the facial nerve in relationship to the operation. At the time of the questionnaire, 12% indicated a total loss of facial nerve function. No vocational consequences were found in 74% after surgery. Information concerning different symptoms related to surgery was insufficient in 29%, while the quality of information in relation to surgery was more satisfying. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that deafness, dysequilibrium, and reduced facial nerve function caused the most severe problems. Improved information to patients before surgery may reduce the frequency of negative experiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Keloids of the external ear.

Keloid formation is a rare complication of normal scar tissue development, also to the surgeon who performs surgery on the external ear. We are presenting 4 cases of keloid formation which occurred after ear piercing in 2 cases and after otoplasty in another 2 cases. The treatment of keloid formation caused difficulties and is not unequivocal. Therefore we wish to present our experiences as we have seen no cases of keloid formation after otoplasty described in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Parapharyngeal abscess as the cause of torticollis].

The combination of parapharyngeal abscess and torticollis in an adult on account of spastic contraction of the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle is an extremely rare condition. The present authors have recently observed a case of this type where the diagnosis was difficult to establish. CT of the neck revealed the diagnosis with no difficulty. The indication for CT at an early stage in cases of unexplained neck infections is stressed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[The significance of recurrent nerve paresis for the operability of lung cancer].

The object of the study was a reassessment of the old but still widely accepted apophthegm that recurrent nerve palsy prohibits surgery in patients with pulmonary cancer. Out of 1,279 patients admitted over a 10-year period with proven or suspected pulmonary cancer, 23 were found to have recurrent nerve paralysis. Eleven of these were found inoperable by the preoperative work-up while 12 underwent thoracotomy. In three cases it was possible to perform a left upper lobectomy, which was considered to be radical both macro- and microscopically in two cases. The conclusion is that paralysis of the recurrent nerve, as might be foreseen, gravely worsens the prognosis, inverting the usual ratio of 80:20 between resections and exploratory thoracotomies. This, however, leaves a small group which will benefit from surgery, particularly considering the lack of alternative therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity: pathological aspects in a follow-up study.

The initially removed tumors from 42 patients with inverted papillomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were subjected to an extensive histopathological examination in order to define the characteristics associated with multiple recurrences and development of malignancy. Two of the patients subsequently developed squamous cell carcinoma and eight patients had more than one recurrence. No specific histological characteristic was determined to be a predictor of multiple recurrences or development of malignancy. However, three patterns of characteristics emerged from the data which were found to be related to the development of malignancy, multiple recurrences, and benign behaviour. Malignancy was found to be associated with bilateral inverted papilloma, a predominance of mature squamous epithelium, the presence of all three epithelial types (metaplastic squamous, mature squamous, and cylindrical), severe hyperkeratosis, a mitotic index greater than or equal to 2 per high-power field (HPF), absence of inflammatory polyps among the papillomas, an abundance of plasma cells, and an absence of neutrophils. Multiple recurrences (without malignancy) were associated with a mitotic index greater than or equal to 2 per HPF and an absence of inflammatory polyps. Benign behaviour was associated with predominantly mucinous tumors, a mitotic index less than 1 per HPF, a ratio of neoplastic epithelium/connective tissue stroma greater than or equal to 6, and the presence of inflammatory polyps among the papillomas.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1991

Cerebrospinal fluid leak from nontumor ear after acoustic neuroma surgery: diagnostic and therapeutic problems.

An unusual case of CSF leak from the nontumor ear after removal of a 3-cm acoustic neuroma is presented. Prior to tumor removal a ventricular-peritoneal shunt was established because of increased intracranial pressure. After the shunt was clamped the patient twice developed rhinoliquorrhea and underwent in both instances unsuccessful closure of the leak on the tumor side. Finally the leak was established in the nontumor ear, most likely due to sequelae after a hunting accident 20 years before, where a projectile created a defect in the tegmen tympani. The CSF leak was probably provoked by the pressure changes following tumor removal and shunt treatment.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

[Inverted papilloma of the nose and nasal sinuses. Incidence, long-term course, therapeutic results].

Inverted papilloma is an unusual tumour in the nose and nasal sinuses with a marked tendency to recurrence following surgical treatment and with a greatly increased risk for synchronous or metachronous development of carcinoma. A retrospective investigation comprising 42 patients with histological revision revealed an incidence of 0.6/100,000 per annum. Two patients had also carcinomata. No significant differences were observed between the recurrence rates following simple excision, excision via the maxillary sinus or via lateral rhinotomy. Follow-up control for ten years is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Parapharyngeal abscess and torticollis.

The combination of a parapharyngeal abscess and torticollis in an adult, due to a spastic contraction of the sterno-cleido-mastoid muscle is an extremely rare condition. We have recently been exposed to such case, in which it was very difficult to make the diagnosis and where CT of the neck gave us the answers without any difficulty. The indication for CT at an early stage in unexplained neck infections is stressed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Intraspinal thoracolumbar dermoid. Case report.

A dermoid is a congenital tumour. An intraspinal dermoid tumour is very rare. Most reported cases have been in children. The oldest case in literature was 40 years old. We report a case in which a 46 year old woman had a thoracolumbar intraspinal dermoid. The dermoid was partially removed by operation. The condition of the patient improved. Control MR-scan showed that the remaining tumour extended up to the level of the tenth thoracic vertebra. If radical tumour removal is difficult, e.g. due to strong capsule-tissue adherence or long tumour extension, it seems to be advisable not to force radicality but to follow the clinical course and to reoperate if tumour growth causes new symptoms.

Dermoid Cyst↗
PubMed1981

A quantitative Allen's test.

Allen's test has been performed quantitatively by measuring digital systolic pressure during compression of the radial or ulnar artery at the wrist. The reduction of pressure in normal subjects was less than 25 per cent. Insufficiency of the arterial supply to the hand from the radial artery, the ulnar artery or the palmar arcades can easily be diagnosed from an abnormal reduction in digital systolic pressure during arterial compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Personality organization and language behavior: the imprint of psychological differentiation on language behavior in varying communication conditions.

The language behavior of field-independent (F-D) clinically normal, verbally resourceful femal college students was examined in three different communication conditions: Dialogue, Warm (vissually supportive) monologue, and Cold (visually nonsupportive and stressful) Monologue. F-I and F-D Ss produced similar amounts of the different types of language behavior evaluated in each of the three communicative conditions. However, they differed with respect to verbal output and length of sentence "packaging" unit in Monologue conditions. F-D Ss talked considerably less but at the same time produced different types of grammatically more elaborate language behavior in Warm and Cold Monologue compared to their Dialogue language behavior. F-I Ss talked considerably more but also showed a type of language autonomy. The pattern of language behavior which characterized F-I speech in Dialogue remained the same in both Monologue conditions.

Adolescent↗