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Biomedical subjects

C Brambilla

Publications and source records attributed to C Brambilla.

259 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Benign hypoglycemiant pleural tumors. Report on two cases].

Two cases of hypoglycemiant pleural fibroma are reported: -- the first case, in a patient with sarcoidosis, was diagnosed following the onset of neuropsychic manifestations due to hypoglycemia; --the second case, much more atypical, was a patient with an enormous pleural tumor affecting cardiorespiratory function to such a degree that almost total incapacity ensued: the hypoglycemia was detected during routine pre-operative investigations. Various extrathoracic manifestations accompany these tumors: osteo-articular (present in 1 patient), and thyroidal (present in both cases). The various mechanisms proposed to explain the development of hypoglycemia in patients with certain extra-pancreatic tumors are reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Our experience with thoracoscopy (author's transl)].

The last two years, we carried out 25 thoracoscopies in 26 patients. The examination was not possible in 2 cases, because of severe adhesions, in one case neoplastic and in the other, fibrous. One patient had a bilateral exploration on two separate occasions. All these examinations were carried out under general anesthesia with differential intubation or, on occasion, tracheal intubation. The first 15 cases were carried out using the rigid bronchoscope with a cold light; the subsequent examinations were carried out using the Storz thoracoscope. From a diagnostic point of view, our patients broke down in the following manner: -metastatic pleurisies - 6, -pleural effusion in reaction to bronchial carcinoma -2, -post-radiotherapic pleural effusion - 1, -benign asbestos pleurisy -5, -cirrhotic pleural effusion - 1, -inflammatory pleurisy - 9. We carried out talcum adhesion of the pleura in only 4 cases : 2 cases of neoplastic pleurisy, 1 post-radiotherapy pleurisy, and 1 inflammatory pleurisy. There were 2 infectious complications in this series : one in a patient with diabetes, leading, indirectly, to death. The second was cured by pleuro-pulmonary decortication.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of p53 antibody response in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

p53 alterations are the most common alteration found in human cancer. Protein p53 was studied in 102 patients with early lesions or advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Biopsies and sera samples were collected before the initiation of treatment. Protein p53 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using Pab 1801, Pab 240, DO7 and CM1 antibodies on paraffin-embedded sections. Antibodies specific for p53 protein were analysed in the sera of these patients by an ELISA procedure. We demonstrated that p53 protein overexpression (> or = 20% positive cells) was an early event in the carcinogenesis of SSCHN and correlated to the progression of carcinogenesis. Overexpression of protein p53 was frequent (56.5%) in advanced tumors. No correlation was found with clinical stage or the differentiation status of the tumor, but we demonstrated differences in protein p53 expression according to the initial localisation of the tumor, with high expression in hypopharynx (67%) and oropharynx (65%) versus larynx (12%). The prevalence of p53 antibodies was high (44%) and was correlated with the rate of p53 overexpression (> or = 30% positive cells) in tumors (p < 0.0001 chi square test). These results suggest that the humoral response is an indicator of the presence of squamous cell carcinoma with immunogenic mutant p53 protein. Therefore the detection of anti-p53 antibodies could be used as a precocuous marker of p53 alteration and a prognostic marker, in order to screen for patients with a better prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Short-course cefuroxime axetil therapy in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

The efficacy and safety of a five-day course of cefuroxime axetil (250 mg b.d.) and a seven-day course of clarithromycin (250 mg b.d.) were compared in a large double-blind, randomised, multinational study involving 684 patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. In an intent-to-treat analysis, the post-treatment clinical responses to each treatment were comparable (82%) and rates at follow-up were similar: 64% on cefuroxime axetil and 61% on clarithromycin. Pre-treatment pathogens were isolated from a total of 192 patients, Haemophilus influenzae being the most common. Overall pathogen eradication rates were similar for both treatments. Both treatments were well tolerated. In conclusion, a five-day course of cefuroxime axetil is clinically equivalent to a seven-day course of clarithromycin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and may have potential socioeconomic benefits.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

p53 mutations and p53, Waf-1, Bax and Bcl-2 expression in field cancerization of the head and neck.

Squamous cell carcinomas of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) are related to carcinogens and proceed through multiple genetic and morphological steps. The aim of this study was to establish the status of p53 gene and p53-regulated proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and Waf-1) expression in head and neck simultaneous preneoplastic and invasive lesions from patients with chronic alcohol and tobacco exposure. PCR-SSCP analysis of p53 gene and immunohistochemical analysis of Waf-1, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were performed in 30 representative microdissected samples of mucosa exposed to carcinogens and preneoplastic or invasive lesions from 8 patients. P53 mutations were detected in all steps of carcinogenesis, but not in normal mucosa without carcinogen exposure. P53 mutations were different and multiple in concomittant areas of mucosa exposed to carcinogens, preneoplastic and invasive lesions at distant locations. Waf-1 and Bax protein expression was found in 100% of biopsies. Bcl-2 presented as basal cell positive staining in 95% of normal and preinvasive lesions and was overexpressed in only 30% of tumors, independently of p53 gene status. Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was > 1 in all premalignant lesions and < 1 in tumor samples only. There is evidence for the early, polyclonal origin of synchronous multiple preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions in the cancerization field. A P53 independent pathway seems to be implicated in Waf-1, Bax and Bcl-2 expression with an inversion of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio restricted to invasive carcinomas.

Alcoholism↗