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Biomedical subjects

C Bothin

Publications and source records attributed to C Bothin.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Orally delivered antibiotics which lower bacterial numbers decrease experimental intra-abdominal adhesions.

BACKGROUND: Postsurgical adhesion formation is a common occurrence after most surgical procedures and is still a major cause of postoperative morbidity because no satisfactory treatment or prophylaxis has yet been developed. Further elucidation of the basic mechanisms of postsurgical adhesion formation is needed. Recent studies using germfree rats have found the indigenous bowel flora to be important in the adhesive response. The present study examined whether antibiotic treatment affects intra-abdominal adhesion formation. METHODS: Using the cecal crush model to inflict adhesions, groups of rats ( n=12) were treated with placebo or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the drinking water. Treatment started 3 days before operation and continued until evaluation. Adhesion scores were recorded after 7 days. Bacterial counts were made from cultures of fecal samples on operation day and at termination. RESULTS: Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid decreased adhesion score compared to placebo. Adhesion incidence was 50% in the treatment group and 92% in the placebo group. Bacterial numbers were lower in the treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Antibiotic treatment which lowers bacterial numbers can decrease adhesions.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2001

The intestinal flora influences adhesion formation around surgical anastomoses.

BACKGROUND: Postsurgical adhesion formation is still a cause of postoperative morbidity because no satisfactory treatment or prophylaxis has yet been developed. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of the gastrointestinal flora on adhesion formation around surgical anastomoses. METHODS: Anastomoses were constructed in germfree, conventional, ex-germfree and mono- contaminated rats (Escherichia coli X7 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La5), and adhesion formation was recorded. RESULTS: The germfree group had a significantly lower adhesion score than all other groups (P < 0.05) apart from the lactobacillus group, which had a significantly lower score than the conventional group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract enhances adhesion formation around surgical anastomoses.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1999

Experimental study of the influence of intestinal flora on the healing of intestinal anastomoses.

BACKGROUND: The beneficial effects of the normal intestinal flora on wound healing in the skin have already been confirmed, and this study attempted to elucidate the influence of the intestinal flora on the healing process in intestinal anastomoses. METHODS: Five groups of rats were studied: germ-free, conventional, monocontaminated with Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 or Escherichia coli X7 and ex-germ-free (conventionalized). All animals underwent ileal and colonic resections followed by anastomoses. Seven days later they were killed and the bursting pressure and hydroxyproline concentration of the anastomoses were measured. The microbiological status of the animals was confirmed weekly. RESULTS: No bacteria were detected in the germ-free rats and no other bacteria were found in the monocontaminated animals. Conventional rats had a significantly higher anastomotic bursting pressure both in the ileum compared with rats monocontaminated with L. acidophilus, and in the colon compared with germ-free rats. The ex-germ-free rats also showed a significantly higher bursting pressure than germ-free animals and rats monocontaminated with either L. acidophilus or E. coli in the ileum and colon. CONCLUSION: The presence of the intestinal flora enhanced the healing of intestinal anastomoses. The data suggest that this effect depends on differences in the types of bacteria in the intestine.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1992

The role of the gastrointestinal microflora in postsurgical adhesion formation--a study in germfree rats.

The elucidation of the pathogenesis of postsurgical adhesion formation is still lacking. In this study experimental adhesion formation was studied in germfree (i.e. void of bacteria) and conventional rats (intestinal flora comprising over 400 species) using a caecal crush model. The germfree rats responded significantly weaker to the same stimuli, forming adhesions in only 20% of the cases as compared to the conventional rats 87.5% (p = 0.0076). The findings indicate that the bowel flora is of importance but not essential for postsurgical adhesion formation in rats.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin A deficiency impairs colonic healing but not adhesion formation in germ-free and conventional rats.

Vitamin A is well recognized as a factor of major importance in epithelial and connective tissue repair mechanisms. Recently it was shown that vitamin A deficiency caused overgrowth and translocation of intestinal bacteria in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the healing of colonic anastomoses and formation of postsurgical adhesions in vitamin A-deficient germ-free and conventional rats. Fourteen germ-free and 10 conventional rats were allocated to four groups: germ-free rats not given vitamin A, germ-free rats given vitamin A, conventional rats not given vitamin A, and conventional rats given vitamin A. All rats underwent surgery for colonic anastomosis. Seven days afterward, they were euthanized, and the bursting pressure of colonic anastomosis and formation of peritoneal adhesions were evaluated. The bursting pressures in groups not given vitamin A were lower than in groups given vitamin A. The adhesion scores in germ-free groups were lower than in conventional groups. These findings demonstrated that vitamin A had an important role in healing of colonic anastomoses whether in the presence or absence of intestinal flora, and that intestinal bacteria had a greater effect than vitamin A on formation of postsurgical adhesions. This may suggest that the mechanism of healing of colonic anastomoses differs from that of postsurgical adhesion formation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Counteracting postsurgical adhesions--the effect of combining oxidized regenerated cellulose and tissue plasminogen activator.

OBJECTIVE -- Postsurgical adhesion formation remains an unpredictable complication in operative surgery but is of special importance to the infertility surgeon. Recent reports on recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) have been promising. The present study set forth to verify these results and to explore possible synergistic effects of these two agents. METHODS -- Four groups of five rats each were subjected to a standardized caecal crush model and treated with ORC, tPA, a combination of these two or nothing. RESULTS -- The ORC group had significantly more postoperative adhesions than the other two groups (P < .05). This adhesion-promoting effect was mitigated when ORC was combined with tPA. The tPA group did not differ from the control group. CONCLUSIONS -- ORC and tPA were unable to decrease adhesion formation in rats with the current type of lesion. Nevertheless, tPA mitigated the adhesion-increasing effect of ORC. These findings underline the need for more research to establish the antiadhesion properties of ORC and tPA and lend support to the notion that all adhesions are not alike.

Animals↗