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C Bonithon-Kopp

Publications and source records attributed to C Bonithon-Kopp.

50 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Longitudinal associations between plasma viscosity and cardiovascular risk factors in a middle-aged French population.

A recent prospective study has suggested that increased plasma viscosity may be associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease. A longitudinal approach was used to investigate associations between plasma viscosity and conventional risk factors in an apparently healthy French population aged 45-56 years (637 men and 431 women) over a 2-year follow-up period. In univariate analysis, change in plasma viscosity was significantly related to changes in smoking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, gamma glutamyl transferase (gamma GT), body mass index and triglycerides only in men, and to changes in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo) B in both sexes. Change in plasma viscosity was also significantly associated with changes in fibrinogen and hemoglobin levels in both sexes. No association was found with age, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or apo A1 in both sexes, or with changes in smoking and menopausal status in women. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, independent determinants of change in plasma viscosity were changes in smoking status, systolic blood pressure, gamma GT, total cholesterol, fibrinogen and hemoglobin in men, and changes in fibrinogen and apo B in women. These results strengthen the hypothesis that increased plasma viscosity may be one of the mechanisms linking conventional risk factors to the risk of cardiovascular disease and suggest that its decrease may be obtained by appropriate life-style changes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Early carotid atherosclerosis in healthy middle-aged women. A follow-up study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Few longitudinal data about early atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries are available in general populations. The main purpose of this study was to investigate risk factors for development and regression of intimal-medial thickening and atheromatous plaques. METHODS: Initial and 2-year examinations of the carotid arteries with high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography were performed in 308 apparently healthy women aged 45 to 55 years. The development of new atheromatous plaques and new intimal-medial thickening and the disappearance of preexisting plaques and intimal-medial thickening defined the four outcomes of interest. RESULTS: The development of plaques occurred more frequently in women with intimal-medial thickening than in women with normal carotid arteries at baseline (14.4% versus 7.2%, P < .053). A regression was seen in 21.7% of the women with preexisting plaques. Development of intimal-medial thickening occurred in 47.5% of the women with normal carotid arteries whereas 20.2% of the women with preexisting intimal-medial thickening showed a regression of their lesions. Multiple logistic regression showed that smoking (regression coefficient +/- SE: 1.281 +/- 0.450; P < .005), baseline levels of systolic blood pressure (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.031 +/- 0.015; P < .04) and apolipoprotein B (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.016 +/- 0.007; P < .03) were independently associated with the development of plaques, whereas the presence of an intimal-medial thickening did not reach the significance level (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.639 +/- 0.436; P < .15). Independent predictors of the development of intimal-medial thickening were age (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.124 +/- 0.048; P < .04) and, with a borderline significance level, (log)triglycerides (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.854 +/- 0.451; P < .06). Low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (regression coefficient +/- SE: 0.027 +/- 0.009; P < .004) were associated with its regression. CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study emphasizes the interest of B-mode ultrasonography in the monitoring of early carotid lesions. It gives further support to the hypothesis that intimal-medial thickening may be an early indicator of the atherosclerotic process.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Relationships between 3-y longitudinal changes in body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and metabolic variables in an active French female population.

Three-year longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and metabolic variables were examined in 209 active French women. For the entire group, a weak but significant positive association was found between change in BMI and change in WHR. However, analysis of covariance according to the degree of abdominal fat distribution showed a heterogeneity of this association that was confined to women with abdominal fat distribution. Changes in BMI were positively associated with changes in total cholesterol (P less than 0.05), triglycerides (P less than 0.10), and blood pressure (P less than 0.001), whereas changes in WHR were associated with changes in triglycerides (P less than 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (P less than 0.10). These longitudinal results suggest that a more favorable body-fat pattern and metabolic profile might be achieved by reducing weight, or at least by preventing weight gain, particularly in women with high abdominal-fat distribution.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1991

Skinfold and body circumferences as measures of body fat patterning in a French female active population: relationships with the metabolic risk profile.

Body mass index (BMI), various anthropometric indices of abdominal fat distribution and some metabolic variables (blood lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure) were measured in 408 French-born women from an occupational population who volunteered for the study. The aim of the study was to determine the best index for describing the relationships between the body fat pattern and the metabolic risk profile. The four age-adjusted circumference ratios (waist/hip, waist/thigh, xiphoid/hip, xiphoid/thigh) showed similar associations with the metabolic variables whereas the three age-adjusted skinfold ratios (epigastric/thigh, mesogastric/thigh, hypogastric/thigh) tended to be more weakly associated with the metabolic variables, particularly with apolipoprotein (Apo) B and fasting glucose. Multiple regression analyses showed that age-adjusted BMI was significantly related to high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, Apo A and Apo B, and blood pressure, independently of abdominal fat distribution. After controlling for the effects of BMI, the waist/thigh ratio remained significantly associated to triglyceride, Apo B, fasting glucose, and systolic blood pressure, whereas the waist/hip ratio and the mesogastric/thigh skinfold ratio were significantly related only to triglyceride and systolic blood pressure independently of BMI. With the exception of triglyceride and fasting glucose, the degree of association between the metabolic variables and the abdominal fat distribution tended to be weaker than that observed with the BMI. These results emphasize the importance of the global corpulence in the levels of metabolic variables. However, all indices of abdominal fat distribution were, to varying degrees, independently associated with an unfavorable metabolic profile. Among them, the waist/thigh circumference ratio seems to be a useful indicator of the body fat pattern in women.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

Factor VII activation and menopausal status.

The incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) is higher in postmenopausal or oophorectomised women than in premenopausal women of the same age. The difference cannot be explicable in terms of conventional CHD risk factors. Since factor VII may be relevant to the pathogenesis of CHD, we have investigated the menopause-related changes in factor VII activation in 228 healthy women aged 45-54 years. A standard factor VII clotting assay (FVIIc) and a factor VII antigen assay (FVIIag) were carried out on the same plasma samples. Both FVIIc and FVIIag levels were significantly higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. Despite the strong correlation between the two assays (r = 0.80), the FVIIc/FVIIag ratio was positively and significantly associated with the menopause, suggesting that activated factor VII form might in part account for the high FVIIc levels in postmenopausal women. With respect to the type of menopause, the highest levels of both FVIIc and FVIIc/FVIIag ratio were found in women having undergone bilateral oophorectomy. These results suggest that raised factor VII coagulant activity may contribute to an increased risk of CHD in postmenopausal women.

Antigens↗
PubMed1990

Hormonal influences on the relationships between body fatness, body fat distribution, lipids, lipoproteins, glucose and blood pressure in French working women.

The independent associations between overall obesity, body fat distribution, lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, blood pressure and some hormonal factors (sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) and fasting insulin) were cross-sectionally examined in 205 French working women. After adjustment for age, overall adiposity assessed by body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with most metabolic parameters, whereas regional adiposity assessed by the waist-hip ratio (WHR) was significantly associated only with triglyceride, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Blood pressure, glucose but not triglyceride, were also negatively and significantly correlated with SHBG and positively with fasting insulin. Negative independent associations were found between SHBG and both BMI and WHR, whereas CBG was positively associated only with WHR. Fasting insulin was no longer related to WHR after adjustment for BMI. After controlling for the effect of SHBG or insulin, the associations between triglyceride, blood pressure and both BMI and WHR were not substantially modified. After adjustment for BMI and WHR, fasting insulin was independently associated with both HDL cholesterol and diastolic blood pressure. In conclusion, in these French women, hormonal factors under study appeared to have little influence on the relationships between body fatness, body fat distribution, metabolic variables and blood pressure.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

Menopause-related changes in lipoproteins and some other cardiovascular risk factors.

Changes in lipids, lipoproteins and other cardiovascular risk factors associated with the occurrence of menopause have been examined in a cross-sectional study of 435 healthy white women, aged 45-54 years not using sex hormones. Univariate analysis showed that total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and fibrinogen were significantly higher in post menopausal women than in premenopausal women. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose did not change with menopausal status. After controlling for the effects of confounding variables (age, body mass index and smoking status), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B and systolic blood pressure remained significantly increased in postmenopausal women as compared with premenopausal women. Our findings add to epidemiological evidence that menopause adversely affects the lipid and lipoprotein metabolism and thus, may increase the risk of coronary heart disease.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1988

Relationship between sex hormones and haemostatic factors in healthy middle-aged men.

Associations of plasma testosterone and estradiol with some haemostatic factors (factor VII activity, fibrinogen, antithrombin III and alpha 2-antiplasmin) were cross-sectionally examined in 251 healthy, middle-aged men participating in the Paris Prospective Study II on risk factors for ischaemic heart disease. Testosterone levels were negatively correlated to factor VII activity and alpha 2-antiplasmin, the main inhibitor of fibrinolysis. No association was found either between testosterone levels and both fibrinogen and antithrombin III, or between estradiol levels and the set of haemostatic variables. The associations between testosterone and both factor VIIc and alpha 2-antiplasmin were independent of HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking, alcohol, body mass index and blood pressure. These results suggest that low circulating testosterone levels might be associated with a hypercoagulability state and therefore could contribute to an increased risk of IHD.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

Effects of pregnancy on the inter-individual variations in blood levels of lead, cadmium and mercury.

Blood samples to be analysed for lead, cadmium and mercury were taken from 417 pregnant women not occupationally exposed to these metals. Each subject was paired with a non-pregnant woman of the same age (+/- 2 years), socio-economic status, alcohol and tobacco status. Most of the inter-individual variations observed in earlier studies were confirmed in the control group. Among the pregnant women, however, such variations in blood metal levels appeared to be somewhat different compared to the control women according to the parameters studied: age of the women, alcohol and tobacco consumption. Furthermore, the study of the evolution of blood levels of lead, cadmium and mercury throughout pregnancy revealed a significant decrease in cadmium levels during the first half of pregnancy. A similar tendency was observed for lead but this did not attain statistical significance.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug prescribing patterns in general practice: comparison of a general practitioner-based survey and a pharmacy-based survey in France.

PURPOSE: In order to assess biases occurring in primary care prescription studies, we compared non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescribing patterns reported by general practitioners directly (GP-based survey) and from a pharmacy-based survey of general practitioner prescribing (pharmacy-based survey). METHODS: Volunteer GPs of the administrative area of Côte d'Or (France) returned a mailed questionnaire on NSAID prescribing patterns for consecutive patients seen during a 2-month period. In order to obtain a reference basis, pharmacies of the same administrative area provided all prescriptions that included NSAIDs during a 1-week period originating in general practice. RESULTS: The rate of participation was 25% for the GPs and 40% for the pharmacies. Participant GPs were representative of GPs of the area with regard to sex, year of graduation and practice area but pharmacies from rural areas were over-represented. The GP-based survey and the pharmacy-based survey provided respectively 770 and 1050 prescriptions. There were no differences between either survey in the type of NSAIDs prescribed and in the most frequently associated drugs. GPs who volunteered in the GP survey prescribed NSAIDs more frequently orally and at higher doses than GPs involved in the pharmacy-based survey. They also prescribed more gastroprotective drugs, especially in the elderly. None of these results could be explained by differences in patient characteristics and GP practice areas. CONCLUSION: GPs who actively participate in prescription surveys exhibit prescribing patterns that fit better with official recommendations than the average. Although selection biases cannot be ruled out, it is suggested that some changes in GP prescription habits may have been induced by the survey itself.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged French women.

The prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and of its risk factors was examined in 517 apparently healthy French women, aged 45-54 years. Early phases of carotid atherosclerosis were assessed by B-mode ultrasonography. An intimal-medial thickening was found in 30.4% of the women and atheromatous plaques in 8.7%. The prevalence rate of carotid atherosclerosis increased with age, smoking, and postmenopausal status. However, after adjustment for the effect of age, postmenopausal women did not have more atherosclerotic lesions than did premenopausal women. No significant associations were found between carotid atherosclerosis and triglyceride, apolipoprotein A-I, body mass index, blood glucose, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, or hematocrit. The mean age-adjusted levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly increased with the severity of carotid atherosclerosis, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, smoking, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (or apolipoprotein B), and systolic (or diastolic) blood pressure were significantly and independently related to the severity of carotid atherosclerosis. In conclusion, the association of early carotid lesions with major cardiovascular risk factors suggests that carotid atherosclerosis may be used as a marker of the general atherosclerotic process.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal exposure to lead and cadmium and psychomotor development of the child at 6 years.

In 1977, a hair sample was taken from 26 newborn babies and their mothers and analysed for lead and cadmium. Six years later, each of these 26 children was given a psychometric test (McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities). Statistical analysis shows a significant negative relationship between the degree of in utero exposure to cadmium and lead and the child's motor and perceptual abilities. Any effect on memory or verbal skills was not statistically significant. Allowing for the confounding variables does not consistently affect these results.

Cadmium↗