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Biomedical subjects

C Billeaud

Publications and source records attributed to C Billeaud.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Gastric emptying in infants with or without gastro-oesophageal reflux according to the type of milk.

The present study was designed to determine the effects of milk composition and the influence of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) on gastric emptying. Cineoesogastrocintigraphy (COGS) was performed in 201 infants between 0-1 year of age in order to detect GOR, and provided a means of estimation of the gastric emptying (GE). Ninety infants appeared free from GOR and constituted the control group; 111 had GOR. There infants were fed human milk or various standard formulae. In addition, 20 infants fed a whey-hydrolysate formula were tested. An appropriate volume of milk was marked with sulfur-colloid Tc (200 microcuries). Measurements of gastric radioactivity were made 30 min and 120 min after ingestion. For the whole population, the infants with GOR had slightly more rapid GE after 30 min (P less than 0.05), but, for the same type of milk, there was no significant difference between GOR and controls. GE did not differ with age or sex, but differed mainly according to the type of milk. In the control group, gastric residual content (GRC) at 120 min was 18 +/- 11 per cent with human milk (n = 7), 16 +/- 21 per cent with whey-hydrolysate formula (n = 8), 25 +/- 17 per cent with acidified formula (n = 13), 26 +/- 19 per cent with whey-predominant formula (n = 22), 39 +/- 17 per cent with casein-predominant formulae (n = 20), 47 +/- 19 per cent with follow-up formulae (n = 16) and 55 +/- 19 per cent with cow's milk (n = 12).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Frontonasal dysplasia or the median cleft face syndrome: a case report].

Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a condition with a more or less severe ocular hypertelorism and, sometimes, a narrowing of the palpebral fissures. The nose is broad and flattened with clefting; it may be bifid or completely divided in two halves. In extreme cases, the central nervous system is concerned and there is a mental deficiency. There is no coronal craniosynostosis in pure FND. Other malformations can be observed. Among the cases reported in the literature, most of them are sporadic but they may be familial. We report here a sporadic case of F.N.D. in which scan examination of the brain shows a possible cephalocele. The literature is briefly reviewed.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Multiple pregnancy].

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Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
PubMed1987

High-dose thiopental pharmacokinetics in brain-injured children and neonates.

High-dose thiopental was administered in 8 children with uncontrollable seizures or hypoxic encephalopathy (group A) and 7 full-term neonates with neonatal asphyxia (group B). All of them were submitted to artificial hyperventilation to maintain pCO2 near 3.5 kPa. Rectal temperature was kept at about 35 degrees C. Thiopental was infused with a rate of 2-4 mg X h-1 X kg-1, with treatment lasting 32-192 h for group A (mean 103 h), and 36-48 h for group B (mean 38.5 h). Plasma concentration-time data were analysed pharmacokinetically. Thiopental elimination half-life was 14.5 h (group A) and 20.9 h (group B). The clearance of thiopental was 0.27 liters X h-1 X kg-1 (group A) and 0.32 liters X h-1 X kg-1 (group B). The volume of distribution at steady-state was 5.41 liters X kg-1 (group A) and 8.26 liters X kg-1 (group B). These results show that high-dose thiopental pharmacokinetics is not very different for full-term newborns, children and adults. Elimination half-life and volume of distribution are changed when compared to single-dose studies, while clearance is only slightly modified. The time for disappearance of thiopental from blood is also very long (2 to 5 days). These pharmacokinetic characteristics would be worthy of consideration in cases where there may be prolonged use of thiopental, considering the risk of accumulation and toxicity.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Ovarian cyst in newborn infants: what attitude should we adopt? (apropos of 8 cases)].

With the advent of routine fetal ultrasonography, the frequency of prenatal diagnosis of ovarian cysts has considerably increased. Based upon a personal experience of 8 cases and a review of published series, the authors discuss the management of perinatal ovarian cysts. Before birth punction of the cyst under sonographic guidance or cesarean delivery may be considered in order to avoid the rupture during normal delivery. After birth, surgery should be performed in case or voluminous or complicated cyst or uncertain diagnosis. Homogenuos medium sized cysts or cysts with functional cytology should be followed by echography, before surgery being considered.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Osmolality of the gastric and duodenal contents in low birth weight infants fed human milk or various formulae.

The osmolality of gastric and duodenal contents were determined simultaneously during 30 test-meals at 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 min after feeding in 15 low birth weight infants, birthweight: 2075 +/- 330 g. gestational age: 35.4 +/- 1.8 weeks and postnatal age: 8 +/- 4 days. These infants were fed human milk or various formulae whose osmolalities ranged from 227 to 622 mosmol/kg. With human milk and isotonic formula, the osmolality in the stomach and duodenum remained close to 295 mosmol/kg throughout the test. With hypotonic formula (227), the osmolality in the stomach and duodenum rose during the first 45 min to a plateau of about 266 and 285 mosmol/kg, respectively. With the two most hypertonic diets (about 600) (10 g/dl glucose solution and an elemental formula), the osmolality in the stomach and duodenum remained high throughout the test, 470 +/- 73 mosmol/kg at 45 min and 345 +/- 55 mosmol/kg at 180 min. There was a significant positive linear correlation between the osmolality of the diet and the osmolality in the stomach and duodenum at each time of sampling but the slope of the regression lines decreased progressively during the 3 hours after feeding. On the pooled data, there was also a significant positive linear relationship between duodenal and gastric osmolalities. This study suggests that hyperosmolar feedings might be dangerous for the preterm infants and should be avoided if possible.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1982

[Systematic study of limb anomalies in a population of 35,600 consecutive newborn infants].

During the surveillance of a consecutive sample of 35.600 liveborn infants in an urban hospital, limb anomalies were specially analysed. Polydactyly (28 cases), syndactyly (14 cases) and absence deformities (20 cases) looked not rare. No specific human teratogen have been recognized but this epidemiologic study is still in progress. The effect of chronic exposure to volatile anesthesics in operating rooms is evoked in two ectrodactylies.

Arm↗