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Biomedical subjects

C Bertrand

Publications and source records attributed to C Bertrand.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Parenteral and enteral nutrition in esophageal stenosis. Initial clinico-experimental results].

The Authors study the pre- and post-operative nutritional treatment of the patients suffering from oesophageal stenosis, principally neoplastic, waiting to undergo the radical operation. Although the compensation of the nutritional situation of these patients through the enteral and parenteral nutrition results difficult to be effected, the results encourage to apply this clinical practice everywhere a demolitive operation, always long, heavy, and burdened by a high morbidity and mortality, is foreseen.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1982

Histological variations of the duodenal mucosa in chronic human pancreatitis.

From 16 volunteers with chronic pancreatitis and 36 healthy subjects duodenal biopsies were taken 15--20 cm beyond the papilla of Vater. Several morphometric parameters were calculated. The main results show: a significant decrease of villous area and height but not of the number of intestinal villi; a significant increase of Paneth cells; and a slight decrease in the number of glandular mitoses. This study suggests in man, a possible relationship between exocrine pancreatic secretion and the intestinal mucosa and a trophic action of pancreatic juice on the proliferation and the differentiation of the intestinal mucosa.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Effects of pancreatic duct ligation on the hamster intestinal mucosa. Histological findings.

After pancreatic duct ligation good correlations were observed between degenerative signs of the exocrine pancreas and ultrastructural changes of intestinal epithelial cells: hypertrophy of Paneth and goblet cells; hyperplasia of Paneth cells, mucous cells and 'intermediate granular cells' after the 10th day. On the 7th day, the absorbing area of the intestine (villi area and microvilli area) decrease significantly. These cytological changes partially disappear after the 15th day concomitant to a partial regeneration of the exocrine pancreas. These findings suggest correlations between the epithelial cells of the small intestine and exocrine pancreatic secretion. Different possibilities (direct action of the pancreatic juice or indirect mechanisms) are discussed and proposed to explain the morphological variations of the intestinal mucosa after pancreatic duct ligation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Continuous monitoring of temperature in anesthesia and intensive care].

Continuous surveillance of both regional and general temperatures is of great interest in anaesthesia and intensive care. After a brief review of temperature regulation and the value of temperature control, the authors suggest a simple and reliable method of surveillance. This uses Chromel/Alumel thermocouples connected to a central device used to store the information. An experimental clinical study involved the assessment of 3 different anaesthetic protocols: Taractan-Palfium; Droleptan-Phenoperidine, Fentanyl only. These measurements were made in 30 young subjects undergoing a maxillofacial surgical procedure under identical conditions. The parameters studied were central temperature (rectal) and skin temperature of the index finger. With regard to peripheral temperature curves the results showed a first phase consisting of fall followed by a second phase characterised by a sudden increase up to a plateau. This plateau (3rd phase) persisted as long as the subject slept. The 4th phase, when peripheral temperature fell suddenly to a level sometimes lower than the initial temperature represented one of the first signs of awakening. As far as central temperature was concerned it fell in a linear fashion for all curves. Comparing the different curves obtained, the authors conclude by noting that the more vasoplegic the anaesthetic protocol, the higher the induction peak of the second phase of peripheral temperature pattern, but also that the fall in central temperature was marked. The authors feel that an anaesthetic which is biologically satisfactory and at the same time produces an overall fall in the production of heat without causing chills avoids the development of vasoconstrictor reactions between the care and the surface which are reflected by a decrease in the gradient between central and peripheral temperatures.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1980

[Determination of IgM antibodies by complement-fixation after serum fractionation by sucrose density gradient in children and adults with evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (author's transl)].

Sera from 45 patients with serologic evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection were fractionated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. The distribution of complement-fixing (CF) antibodies for Mycoplasma pneumoniae within the 19S and the 7S immunoglobulins was determined all patients below 20 years of age and 44% of older patients had 19S specific antibodies. A predominance of 19S relative to 7S CF antibodies was observed in 40% of cases below 20 years and in 18% of cases above 20 years. The meaning of these data is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Functional tests in thirty-nine asbestos spray workers.

Different lung function tests have been studied in a group of 39 spray workers, with exposure of a few months to 20 years, in order to determine early impairments in ventilatory or gaseous exchange parameters. Lung function was assessed by conventional spirometric tests, plethysmographic measurement of lung volume, determination of arterial oxygen tension at rest and on exercise and measurement of single-breath diffusion of carbon monoxide. Asbestos exposure was assessed using a standardized questionnaire administered by an interviewer to determine length of exposure, and light microscopic examination to ascertain the number of ferruginous bodies in one sputum sample or in lung washing fluid. The results of the functional tests are expressed with respect either to duration of working exposure or to the number of ferruginous bodies. Restrictive ventilatory impairment with decrease in diffusion of carbon monoxide and increase in the oxygen alveolar-arterial difference on exercise was observed both in the group with 1-50 ferruginous bodies and in workers exposed for more than five years. The decrease in lung volume was approximately 10% when the length of asbestos exposure varied from 0-5 to 10-15 years, and 15% between those with no ferruginous bodies and those with more than 50. No obstructive profile was observed, even in heavy smokers. All function tests were altered equally. Plethysmography therefore appears to be a suitable technique for the follow-up of asbestos workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Syndrome caused by extrinsic compression of the celiac trunk (apropos of 4 cases)].

On the basis of angiographic documentations the Authors report on 4 observations (3 men and 1 woman) of extrinsic compression of the coeliac trunk symptomatologically evidenced through abdominal pain attacks. All the patients were treated surgically by resection of the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm. In one case distal pancreatic resection was also performed on account of accompanying chronic pancreatitis. The long-term results were excellent in 3 cases, and good in 1. The diagnosis and surgical indication were made possible after repeated biochemical and instrumental investigations in order to exclude different pathologies (vascular, biliary, pancreatic, gastrointestinal) which might account for the reported symptoms. There is still discussion on the unresolved problem of the pathogenesis of the pain, as well as on surgical tactic and the advisability of completing resection of the arcuate ligament by sympathicectomy or coeliac ganglionectomy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

A cyto-physiological study of the G-cell secretory cycle in the antrum mucosa of the hamster and of the rat.

The secretory cycle of the antral G cell in the golden hamster and in the Wistar rat has been investigated, using classical techniques of optical and electron microscopy associated with special methods (such as goniometry, densitometry, immunohistology, morphometry) and with radioimmunoassay for gastrin. This paper confirms the secretory cycle of the G cell after refeeding. It clarifies the nature of granule polymorphism and suggests a particular mechanism of emiocytosis with sequential granule fusion. Furthermore, our investigations show some dissociations between the G cell, the parietal cycle, and the seric immunoreactive gastrin in the late phase of the secretory cycle (2 to 6 h after refeeding).

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The Cerebral Function Monitor. Description, functioning and interpretation principles].

The Monitor of Cerebral Function enables continuous monitoring of the cerebral electrical activity and this over long periods due to the slow recording speeds. The cerebral electrical signals picked up by the electrodes attached to the scalp are registered in the form of a curve which fluctuates to a greater or lesser extent depending on the recording speed. The examination of the height of the curve with respect to zero and its amplitude indicates the voltage of the cerebral activity and yields information regarding polymorphism. It is thus possible to monitor variations in cerebral activity over a prolonged period during anaesthesia as well as during the revival phase with the Monitor of Cerebral Function, the electroencephalogram being reserved as an aid to precise diagnosis and for localization and close scruting of the anomalies.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

[Cerebral Function Monitor and anesthesia].

The Monitor of Cerebral Function was employed in anaesthesia for a double purpose: as a monitor of anaesthesia, of possible complications and of overdosage that might lead to cerebral damage; a bringing up to date of the comparative data on the various anaesthetic protocols. In this manner, we were able to demonstrate the during anaesthesia application of a cerebral monitor that is well designed and easy to handle. A comparative study of hypnotic anaesthetics and those that induce neuroleptanalgesia demonstrated that, in certain cases, the same anaesthetic stability is achieved when there is an early appearance of the electric silences as when the cerebral electrical activity is only slightly modified.

Alfaxalone Alfadolone Mixture↗