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Biomedical subjects

C Bernard

Publications and source records attributed to C Bernard.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Comparative assessment of secretin and motilin responses to graded duodenal acidification in anaesthetised pigs.

The effects of graded duodenal acidification on plasma concentration of immunoreactive secretin, and motilin in portal vein (PV) and carotid artery (CA) were investigated in 6 anaesthetised pigs in which the proximal duodenum was excluded and sequentially irrigated with isotonic saline (pH 7.0) and with hydrochloric acid (HCl) delivered at successive rates of 2, 8 and 40 mM H+/40 min (pH of 2.8, 1.9 and 1.0, respectively) under a constant flow of 10 ml/min. The release of secretin was first observed at pH 1.9 (from basal 4.2 +/- 0.3 to a peak of 26.6 +/- 9.8 pM in PV and from 3.4 +/- 0.3 to 6.8 +/- 0.9 pM in CA) and further increased at pH 1.0 (peaks of 60.9 +/- 16.3 in PV and 16.8 +/- 2.6 pM in CA). In contrast, only the highest HCl concentration (pH of effluent: 1.0) induced significant increases of plasma motilin (PV: peak of 25.2 +/- 4.9 for basal 13.3 +/- 1.1 pM, CA: 14.3 +/- 2.4 for basal 10.5 +/- 0.6 pM). A sharp decrease of the plasma secretin and motilin concentration was observed when the venous drainage of the duodenal segment was occluded, followed by a rapid increase when the clamp was released. In the present experimental conditions, duodenal motilin-producing sites were less sensitive to graded luminal acidification than secretin cells. Thus, the release of duodenal motilin in response to variations of luminal pH may be expected to occur primarily from the most proximal part of the duodenum in physiological conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Echographic and x-ray computed tomographic aspects of pneumatosis cystoides of the colon in the adult. Apropos of a case].

A case of pneumatosis cystoides Coli located in the sigmoid in an adult is reported, with emphasis on US and CT aspects. CT patterns of pneumatosis cystoides Coli are highly significative; particularly attenuation values measured in the endoluminal polypoid images are characteristics and represent an interesting contribution to the diagnosis of this disease.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

[Cerebellar cortex: simulation of recurrent collateral inhibition by means of a neuronal automata assembly. II. Temporal modulation and informational content].

A quantitative evaluation of the information content exhibited by a neuronal automata assembly coupled by collateral inhibitory--type rules was undertaken on the results of a computer simulation of this partial model of the cerebellar cortex. By comparison with an uncoupled array the model exhibited two main properties: A markovian type of behavior appears in the functioning of the system in as much as the appearance of a given state is strongly and exclusively correlated to the immediately preceding one. This behavior leads to a decrease in the entropy of the system. This implies that the informational content of the efferent "activity" is significantly higher than that of the afferent one.

Cerebellar Cortex↗
PubMed1985

[Cerebellar cortex: simulation of recurrent collateral inhibition with the aid of a set of neuronal automata. I. Model and global results].

In view of a study on the transfer function of the cerebellar cortex a modelization of each of the various subsystems was undertaken. The recurrent collateral inhibition existing between Purkinje cells was mimicked by means of an assembly of neuronal automata (NA) temporally evolving at random through three states ("silent", "tonic" and "phasic" and interacting with simple rules. In such an assembly--by comparison with a control group of independent NA--a drastic modulation of activity appears. First the total of the mean number of state shifts is increased by more than 10%. This increase is clearly hierarchical with a maximal effect for the "silent" state. Second the average duration of each state also varies, although in a contrasted manner. Third, and moreover, a clear spatial cooperativity emerges. Indeed all the individually coupled NA are in the same "silent" state at identical moments for more than 5.5% of the total running time. A cyclic repetition of this spatiotemporal cooperativity is apparent. The emergence of these collective properties--which can not be deduced linearly from the unitary elements--introduces a parameter of order leading to a coherent functioning of the system.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[X-ray computed tomographic aspects of spinal aneurysmal cysts in children].

The interest of CT imaging in a case of aneurysmal bone cyst of the posterior arch of the 6th cervical vertebra in a 10 y.o. child is underlined. The value of intra tumoral densities which are relatively low, inferior to 100 Hounsfield unit is stressed but the most contributory feature in this case was the presence of a fluid level inside the cyst due to different densities of fluid components into the cyst.

Bone Cysts↗
PubMed1984

[A case of osteopathia striata].

We report a case of osteopathia striata, which is an osseous dysplasia with linear striations of the metaphyses of long bones. Our case is very unusual as there are no associated abnormalities of the bones. Osteopathia striata should not be mistaken for osteopoikilosis. Osteopathia striata is not only a peculiar roentgenologic feature: when it is diagnosed, other abnormalities should be looked for, especially cranial osteosclerosis, which may result in complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Laparoscopic investigation of the bovine ovary in the periovulatory phase of the cycle.

Laparoscopy, in combination with a rapid radioimmunoassay for plasma-LH determination, has been used to predict and observe ovulation in heifers. Experiments on three animals with typical progesterone levels, LH levels and apex formation are described. Ovulation was observed from 25 h to 29 h after the beginning of LH rise and from 17 h to 19 h after LH peak. The LH peak lasted for 9 h to 11 h. Cow ovulation was observed and photographed. The preovulatory follicle, apex formation, ovulation and freshly ruptured follicles are illustrated. The results presented here demonstrate that laparoscopy could offer valuable diagnostic assistance in clinical veterinary medicine.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

[Ovulation prediction in cattle by rapid measurement of plasma LH and by laparoscopic observation].

The last hours of intrafollicular maturation are important to preserve the potential of oocytes for fertilization and development. To collect mature oocytes it is consequently essential to predict accurately the time of ovulation. Therefore we have modified a regular and specific plasma LH radioimmunoassay to a convenient assay providing reliable results within four to five hours. Using this technique we have been able to detect the LH peak with a delay small enough to predict the moment of ovulation; then we have been able to observe and photograph ovulation. The antigen-antibody reaction takes place during a two hour incubation at 37 degrees C. The immune complex is precipitated by addition of a rabbit anti-gamma-globulin and incubation at 22 degrees C for 30 minutes. The variation between fast and regular assays is lower than 15%. From a study of 25 cycles in 12 animals we suggest intervals of approximately 27 hours between the beginning of the LH peak and ovulation and of about 17 hours between the end of the peak and ovulation. Intervals between the beginning of heat and ovulation appear irregular and cannot be used with certainty as a reference point to predict ovulation. Five ovulations were observed closely and in the five cases, the formation of an apex was noted Our results clearly show that with the technique mentioned above we can predict rapidly and precisely bovine ovulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Radiology in the diagnosis of complicated forms of annular pancreas in adults].

Radiologic findings are described in 4 cases of annular pancreas in adults. The value of double contrast exploration of the duodenum is emphasized, this showing the characteristic image of "curtain-loop" stenosis of the right D2 border with associated marked dilatation of the suprastenotic duodenal zone. Ultrasound imaging shows features suggestive of the liquid distended genu superius. The onset of acute pancreatitis on an annular pancreas leads to images of pseudo-cystic necrosis and/or calcifications suggestive of the diagnosis because of their localization on ultrasound or C.T. examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiectasia of late disclosure associated with cardiopathy].

Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia is a rare abnormality with dilatation of pulmonary lymphatics and the radiological pattern of a pulmonary interstitial syndrome. It is usually symptomatic at birth and is almost always lethal. The authors report the case of an infant with congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis and congenital heart disease who is still alive. This case report is interesting from the pathogenic, nosologic and prognostic point of view.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Radiological anatomy of the arteries of the foot].

Two hundred arteriographies of the feet performed after injuries were studied. The patients had no arterial disease. Various patterns of the vascularisation of the feet are described. The authors emphasize the frequent variations of distribution which are sometimes different from the usual pattern but are however not pathological and can be explained by hemodynamic disturbances. The authors also describe some anatomical criteria which are useful to identify the different arteries of the feet on the arteriographies with different positions of the feet. These criteria will be very useful with digital angiography.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

[What is the value of emergency cranial radiography in craniofacial injuries?].

To evaluate the possible overuse of skull films, 344 patients were studied retrospectively and 252 were sent a questionnaire. During the 12 month study, 47 skull fractures were detected in 596 patients who had skull roentgenograms because of head trauma. 42 patients had intracranial sequellae but no skull fracture. The presence of a skull fracture usually has no bearing on management and may give the physician an unwarranted feeling of security. Reasons for unnecessary examinations include medicolegal considerations, inadequate history provided to the radiologist and insufficient physical examination. If neurologic signs are present, computed tomography is the first choice procedure.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗