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Biomedical subjects

C Baumgartner

Publications and source records attributed to C Baumgartner.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Neurophysiological aspects of auditory hallucinations. 99mTc-(HMPAO)-SPECT investigations in patients with auditory hallucinations and normal controls--a preliminary report.

In a symptom-oriented study 17 patients suffering from chronic auditory hallucinations were investigated by means of 99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT and compared with healthy controls. The results confirm the relative frontal hypoactivity in junction with a relative hyperactivity in the basal ganglia and mesial limbic structures in both hemispheres found in a previous pilot study in auditorily hallucinating patients. Our results should fortify the symptom-oriented approach in psychiatric research.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Isolated central nervous system relapse in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in children. Experiences of the Swiss Pediatric Oncology Group (SPOG/SAKK) 1976-1986.

The incidence of isolated CNS-relapse in the SPOG ALL studies 1976-1986 was analyzed and the prophylaxis of meningosis leucaemica of the different studies was compared. In the SPOG ALL high-risk study 1979-1983, the incidence of isolated CNS-relapse was significantly higher (17/71, 24%) than in the other studies. In this period, radiotherapy was omitted and the prophylactic treatment consisted only of moderately high doses of intravenous methotrexate and intrathecal methotrexate. In other studies, it was shown that the prophylactic combination of CNS-radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate, or the periodic administration of combined intrathecal chemotherapy alone, during the whole therapy of 2 1/2 years, produced comparably good results. The prophylaxis with the combined intrathecal chemotherapy was less neurotoxic and allowed the use of a curative radiotherapy in case of a CNS-relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The distal portion of the ulnar nerve--recording technic and normal values].

Normal values for the distal portion of the ulnar nerve are proposed. In 52 normals without clinical symptoms of peripheral nerve lesion the following neurographic parameters were recorded on the right side and in 45 cases on the left side, too: distal latency wrist-hypothenar, compound action potential from hypothenar, distal latency wrist-M, adductor pollicis, compound action potential from the M. adductor pollicis, antidrome nerve conduction velocity wrist-digit V, difference of latencies M. adductor pollicis-hypothenar, difference of compound action potential hypothenar-M. adductor pollicis and side differences of these parameters. A linear regression analysis was performed to investigate the dependence of these parameters from age. Our normal values allow an exact localisation of peripheral lesions of the ulnar nerve (Loge de Guyon, Ramus volaris superficialis, Ramus profundus).

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1988

[Visual evoked potentials as affected by different modes of stimulation].

VEP with 3 different modes of stimulation (pattern-reversal, flash and light-emitting diodes = LED) were performed in 30 subjects with normal vision. Normal values were established and the main components were compared under these 3 conditions of stimulation. The latencies of the main components showed a normal distribution in pattern-reversal and flash stimulation mode, but not in LED stimulation modes. The latency of the main component P2 of pattern reversal stimulation mode as well as the amplitude showed the smallest variance; flash and LED stimulation mode had a longer latency of the main component than pattern reversal stimulation mode. No sex or side differences were observed. In one subject (3%) the main component (P2) of pattern-reversal stimulation mode had a W-form, in LED stimulation mode 63% and in flash stimulation mode 40% of the subjects showed a W-form of the main component. The main component (P2) of pattern-reversal stimulation mode was best correlated with the first component of a W-from in flash and LED stimulation mode. Therefore, from one latency value (LED or flash stimulation mode) a latency value of pattern reversal stimulation mode may be estimated.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Humoral immune function in pediatric patients treated with autologous bone marrow transplantation for B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The influence of ex vivo marrow decontamination with anti-Y 29/55 monoclonal antibody and complement.

Elimination of neoplastic B cell populations from autologous bone marrow grafts also removes normal B lymphocytes. This is potentially hazardous for the reconstitution of the immune system in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autologous marrow rescue. Five pediatric patients with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in first remission undergoing such a regimen were studied. They received bone marrow pretreated with anti-Y 29/55 monoclonal antibody and complement. B and T lymphocyte subpopulations reached normal levels within 6 months after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), and serum immunoglobulin levels became normal within 4 to 9 months. Vaccination with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, trivalent poliomyelitis vaccine of the Salk type, and pneumococcal capsular antigens (38 to 54 months after transplantation) gave rise to specific antibody production. ABO isoagglutinins could be demonstrated in all patients. The response pattern was similar to that of patients who received unmanipulated autologous bone marrow. It is concluded that ex vivo anti-Y 29/55 depletion of the marrow graft does not induce relevant disturbances of humoral immune functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Prognosis of social reintegration following stroke].

From the socio-economic point of view, early prediction of outcome after stroke is of essential value. The longterm prognosis of 310 patients suffering from ischemic stroke, was therefore investigated by means of questionnaires. The mean follow-up period was 62.5 (S.D. 21.9) months. The results of patients who had suffered cerebrovascular accidents other than ischemic stroke or only transient ischemic attacks were not included. It had been the aim of the study to determine the predictive value of some clinical variables and symptoms in the subacute stage as regards the familial and social functioning handicaps to be expected later on. Between the number of strokes as well as the severity of some clinical signs (motor deficits, sensory deficits, speech disorders, organic mental syndrome) on the one hand, and the restrictions experienced in familial functioning on the other hand, a clear cut correlation was found. As regards social functioning, two additional predictors of unfavourable outcome could be identified: age, and lesion within the left hemisphere. The findings indicate that some clinical variables and symptoms in the subacute stage are of great predictive value concerning the ensuing handicap in familial and social functioning. These variables may help to develop individual strategies as regards the further social management and support (e.g. discharge arrangements, care services, rehabilitation programs).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Possibilities of early diagnosis of intracranial meningioma based on clinical symptoms].

In a retrospective study, 56 patients with intracranial meningiomas were investigated. The diagnosis was verified by computer tomography with subsequent selective cerebral angiography in all cases. At the time of admission, 62.5% of the patients had functional losses affecting the cranial nerves, 44% functional losses involving the long nerve tracts and 23.2% had cerebellar symptoms. Nonspecific clinical symptoms found comprised headaches in 61% of the patients; these were already present almost three and a half years before the final diagnosis. There was a marked organic psychological disorder in 50% of the patients which had already been present retrospectively for an average of 10 months. Cerebral convulsive attacks were present in 27% of the patients with partial convulsions (mainly of the "temporal lobe type") which had already been present for an average of 40 months before diagnosis; in the general tonic-clonic convulsions, the diagnosis was already made an average of six weeks after the first attack. These data show that nonspecific symptoms such as headaches, organic psychological disorders and cerebral convulsions may be early indicators for the presence of an intracranial space occupation and should be investigated further without delay.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Influence of exogenous interleukin-2 on the proliferation of lymphocytes from normal donors and from patients after autologous bone marrow transplantation.

The influence of two interleukin-2 (IL-2) preparations on the proliferative response of normal lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was examined. A recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) and an IL-2 containing conditioned medium (LyIL-2) markedly enhanced 3H-thymidine incorporations at low PHA concentrations, whereas at optimal mitogen concentrations, this effect was marginal. In lymphocyte cultures of 3 patients after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), exogenous IL-2 augmented PHA-induced stimulations. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase of the 3H-thymidine uptake was observed in unstimulated cultures of all normal donors and patients. Combined autoradiography and surface marker analysis allowed to identify cells spontaneously proliferating in the presence of exogenous IL-2. Comparison of phenotypes of these cells revealed pronounced differences between a normal donor and a patient after ABMT.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of relapsing acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. I. Experiences with 82 first bone marrow and 17 isolated central nervous system relapses observed 1968-1980.

Of 99 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first bone marrow or isolated CNS relapse seen between 1968 and 1980, 48 were treated without standardized protocol and 51 according to a relapse protocol. Of 16 patients with bone marrow relapse after cessation of the initial treatment 6 survived 8 1/2 years or more, of 66 with bone marrow relapse while on therapy only 4 survived. All of the latter were low risk patients with an initial WBC of less than 20 x 10(9)/l and no enlargement of the mediastinum. All of the 17 patients with isolated CNS relapse died. The relapse protocols used probably improved the chances of children with first bone marrow but not of those with isolated CNS relapse.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Treatment of relapsing acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood. II. Experiences with 45 first bone marrow and 24 isolated central nervous system relapses observed 1981-1984.

Of 45 children with ALL who had a first hematological recurrence between 1981 and 1984, 33 relapsed while still on treatment and 12 after cessation of therapy. Of the former 1 of 16 high risk (initial WBC greater than or equal to 20 x 10(9)/l and/or enlargement of the mediastinum) and 5 of 17 low risk patients (initial WBC less than 20 x 10(9)/l and no enlargement of the mediastinum), of the latter 6 patients survived after a minimum follow-up of 20 months. During the same time period, a first isolated CNS relapse was observed in 24 children of whom 16 survived. These results suggest that at the time of evaluation 1. the prognosis of children with ALL in first hematological relapse during the years 1981-1984 was not significantly different from that of similar children treated earlier; and 2. the prognosis of children with isolated CNS relapse had improved.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[12 years' experience in bone marrow transplantation in leukemic patients in Switzerland].

Between 1974 and December 1985 180 bone marrow transplants were performed in Switzerland for patients with leukemia. They were performed in 4 centers (Basle 133, Zurich 28, Geneva 17, Berne 2). The overall probability of survival at 10 years for all patients is 20%. Results are better for younger patients, for patients transplanted in recent years and for patients transplanted either in the first complete remission of acute leukemia or in the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Reactivity of monoclonal antibodies LAU-A1 and anti-Y 29/55 in T and B cell malignancies of children: correlation with immunological markers and clinical data.

The monoclonal anti-pan-T cell antibody LAU-A1 stained neoplastic T cells arrested at different levels of maturation from all 21 children with T cell malignancies examined. Particularly in 7 patients with immature T cell neoplasia staining for LAU-A1 facilitated the recognition of a T cell origin of the malignant cells. Only 40% of these immature T cell malignancies were associated with an anterior mediastinal mass. A subdivision of T cell neoplasia into 4 differentiation-related subgroups did not permit to make predictions regarding the patients' survival. Despite the rather uniform clinical presentation the immunological phenotypes of tumor cells in 14 children with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B NHL) were heterogeneous. Tumor cells lacked surface immunoglobulins (2 patients), expressed IgM only (7 patients), IgM and IgD (3 patients) or IgM, IgD and IgA (2 patients). Regardless of surface immunoglobulin expression anti-Y 29/55 stained practically all recognizable tumor cells of all B NHL examined. No correlation was found between the number of heavy-chain isotypes expressed on tumor cells and the survival of the patients. The only long-term survivors were 3 children transplanted with autologous bone marrow which had been purged in vitro with anti-Y 29/55 and complement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Autologous bone marrow transplantation--clinical experience in Berne].

Autologous bone marrow transplantation was performed in 28 pediatric and adult patients with various neoplasias. Long-term remissions were obtained in one patient with yolk sac tumor and in 9 patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The relapse rate was decreased in patients receiving in-vitro decontaminated marrow (anti-Y 29/55 and complement).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Autologous bone-marrow transplantation for Burkitt's lymphoma: marrow purging with anti-Y 29/55 monoclonal antibody and complement.

Reinfusion of undetected tumour cells is a possible cause of relapse after autologous bone-marrow transplantation. In this paper, a system for in-vitro purging of bone marrow is presented which involves the B-cell neoplasia-associated monoclonal antibody anti-Y 29/55 and complement. Five patients with Burkitt's lymphoma were transplanted with purged marrow, demonstrating the clinical feasibility of the method. The pretransplant regimen included vincristine 2 mg/m2, adriamycin 60 mg/m2, four doses of cyclophosphamide 45 mg/kg and total body irradiation with 6 Gy. Tumour control appears to be better in patients with purged bone marrow as compared to an earlier patient group with unpurged marrow.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro treatment of human bone marrow in the elimination of tumor cells: initial experiences with cytotoxic monoclonal anti-T-cell antibody LAU-A1].

The authors present evidence that elimination of tumor cells in the bone marrow is essentially possible by in vitro purging with the monoclonal anti-T-cell antibody LAU-A1 and complement; this procedure does not interfere with regeneration capacity of stem cells. These findings have an important bearing with regard to candidates for autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of children and adolescents with advanced malignant tumors.

Nineteen patients with advanced malignant tumors, less than 20 years old were treated with intensive chemotherapy (vincristine 2 mg/m2 i.v. and adriamycin 60 mg/m2 i.v. on day - 7; cyclophosphamide 45 mg/kg i.v. on days -6 to -3), total body irradiation (TBI, 600 rads on day -1) and autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT, day 0). Prior to this procedure induction of complete or partial remission by conventional therapy was attempted. Ten patients had intra-abdominal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); three, yolk sac tumor; three, Ewing's sarcoma; and three, neuroblastoma. The supportive care included reverse isolation, immunoglobulin 400 mg/kg i.v. q 2 weeks, cotrimoxazole per os, and cell support as needed. No correlation between the bone marrow dose and the time of hematological reconstitution could be established. Five of seven patients with intra-abdominal NHL stage III (transplanted in first remission) are surviving disease-free for 5+, 5+, 20+, 23+, and 35+ months after ABMT. None of three patients with intra-abdominal NHL stage IV is surviving (two of them were transplanted in second remission). One of three patients with yolk sac tumor is surviving disease-free for 27+ months. There are no survivors among the patients with Ewing's sarcoma and neuroblastoma. Only one of 19 patients was lost due to therapeutic complications, while 12 died due to tumor. Regarding treatment results for advanced intra-abdominal NHL, the procedure described here is comparable to the best conventional regimens. In vitro methods for tumor cell eradication in the collected bone marrow might further improve the results of ABMT.

Adolescent↗