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Biomedical subjects

C Baril

Publications and source records attributed to C Baril.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cloning of dapD, aroD and asd of Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, and nucleotide sequence of the asd gene.

Metabolites such as diaminopimelate and some aromatic derivatives, not synthesized in mammalian cells, are essential for growth of bacteria. As a first step towards the design of a new human live vaccine that uses attenuated strains of Leptospira interrogans, the asd, aroD and dapD genes, encoding aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 3-dehydroquinase and tetrahydrodipicolinate N-succinyltransferase, respectively, were cloned by complementation of Escherichia coli mutants. The complete nucleotide sequence of the asd gene was determined and found to contain an open reading frame capable of encoding a protein of 349 amino acids with a calculated Mr of 38,007. Comparison of this deduced L. interrogans aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase amino acid sequence with those of the same enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Corynebacterium glutamicum revealed 46% and 36% identity, respectively. By contrast, the identity between the L. interrogans enzyme and the Streptococcus mutans or E. coli enzymes was less than 31%. Highly conserved sequences within aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase from the five organisms were observed at the amino and carboxyl termini, and around the cysteine of the active site.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1992

Scattering of the rRNA genes on the physical map of the circular chromosome of Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae.

Leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic bacterium with a low G+C content (34 to 39%). The restriction enzymes NotI, AscI, and SrfI cut the chromosome of L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae into 13, 3, and 5 fragments separable by one- and two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The genome is composed of a circular 4.6-Mbp chromosome and a 0.35-Mbp extrachromosomal element. A physical map of the chromosome was constructed for NotI, AscI, and SrfI by using single and double digests, or partial NotI digests obtained at random or by cross-protection of NotI sites by FnuDII methylase, and linking clones. rRNA genes were found to be widely scattered on the chromosome.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Genome conservation in isolates of Leptospira interrogans.

Reference strains for each of the 23 serogroups of Leptospira interrogans yielded different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of NotI digestion products. This was also the case for the 14 serovars belonging to serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae (with one exception). The NotI restriction patterns of 45 clinical leptospiral isolates belonging to serovar icterohaemorrhagiae were analyzed and compared with those of type strains. No differences were observed between isolates from countries of different continents, namely, France, French Guiana, New Caledonia, and Tahiti. The pattern was indistinguishable from that of the reference strain of serovar icterohaemorrhagiae.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed1990

Sizing of the Leptospira genome by pulsed-field agarose gel electrophoresis.

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis allowed the determination of the size of the genome of Leptospira, a bacterium of the spirochete family. The three restriction enzymes, NotI (5'GC/GGCCGC), NheI (5'G/CTAGC), ApaI (5'-GGGCC/C) generated DNA fragments of suitable size. The results are compatible with a size of 5000 kb for the chromosome of both the pathogenic and the saprophytic species of Leptospira.

Chromosomes, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

Spontaneous hemothorax in a patient with hereditary multiple exostoses.

A case of spontaneous hemothorax in a 7-year-old child secondary to erosion of the diaphragm by an exostosis coming from the left sixth rib is reported. This rare case of hemothorax with hereditary multiple exostoses is made even rarer by the concomitant perforation of the diaphragm.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Linear chromosome of Borrelia burgdorferi.

The DNA organization of several European and American isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi, the aetiological agent of Lyme disease, was analysed in pulse-field agarose gel electrophoresis. The results of in situ cell lysis in agarose plugs demonstrated a unique arrangement for the DNA of this spirochete. The chromosome of Borrelia behaved as a eukaryotic linear chromosome with a size of around 1,000 kb. The genome also comprised several circular and linear plasmids which varied in size from 15 to 60 kb.

Borrelia burgdorferi Group↗
PubMed1988

[Functional results of ossiculoplasty. Apropos of 216 cases].

Results of 219 ossiculoplasties performed during closed technic tympanoplasties over a 7-year period are reviewed. Ossiculoplasty involved the implantation of ossiculo-tympanic plate homografts, ossicular auto- or homo-grafts or Klein type prostheses. Results are analyzed as a function of disease causing the ossicular lysis, types of mounting and number of operations required. From these are determined etiopathogenic factors and technics providing improved results. Absence of residual inflammation, stability of mounting and use of remaining ossicles are conditions that ensure best results. Contact between columella and tympanic membrane should be as wide as possible, with greater preference therefore for stapes-malleus or foot of stapes-malleus than stapes-tympanic plate or foot of stapes-tympanic plate mountings. These former mountings improve functional gain in a homogeneous manner throughout the frequency range.

Cholesteatoma↗
PubMed1987

[Solid cold thyroid nodule. Current data].

Attitudes adopted when confronted with a solid cold thyroid nodule are analyzed in the light of recent developments in paraclinical data represented essentially by results of immunological, ultrasound and fine needle cytopuncture examinations. The use of these new surveillance technics frequently allows surgery to be deferred, while if on the contrary operation is decided then it usually now involves both thyroid lobes to avoid nodular recurrence and repeat surgery. Postoperative follow up surveillance is essential to ensure individual adaptation of attitude: therapeutic abstention, suppressive or possibly compensatory treatment.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

[Tympanic retraction pockets. Evaluation after 3 years of our therapeutic regimen. Apropos of 106 cases].

A retrospective study of 106 retraction pockets has been achieved: Part of them was treated with ventilation tubes (23 cases) and an other part was treated by tympanoplasty (83 cases). Our purpose was to verify if our indications were wright. We concluded that it is correct to operate the fixed retraction pockets and it is not dangerous. Concerned the indication of ventilation tubes in non-fixed retraction pockets we do not concluded but propose a complementary study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Long-term anatomic results of tympanic homografts. Apropos of 170 cases].

Long-term anatomic results of 170 tympanic homografts performed in the Necker-Enfants-Malades hospital, France between 1977 and 1983 showed high frequency of complications: early perforation (17.7%); late perforation (14%); myringitis (8.5%); recurrence of retraction (7.31%); lateralization (9.4%). These complications are of much higher frequency than after tympanoplasty with autograft, and indications for tympano-ossicular homografts are now limited to total tympanic destruction with absence of handle of malleus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Radiological evaluation of major aplasias of the ear].

Results of radiologic, radiotomographic and CT scan imaging of patients with major aplasias of ear are presented. In the absence of an indication for functional surgery these explorations allow evaluation of the risk of an epithelial inclusion within an undetected anlage of external auditory canal. When functional surgery is indicated results of these investigations allow assessment of pneumatization of petrous bone, possibility of construction of a new external auditory canal, and the internal ear. Study of middle ear is still insufficient in the region of the ossicula, particularly the fenestrae and stapes.

Ear↗
PubMed1987

[Laryngeal dyspnea of infectious origin in the adult. Apropos of 54 cases].

Principal etiologies in 54 patients with acute laryngeal dyspnea of infectious origin were epiglottitis (35 cases), glotto-subglottal laryngitis (8 cases) and adjacent infections (9 cases). These cases are reviewed together with the relevant published literature and various conclusions drawn. The affection is serious (35 deaths out of 425 cases in the literature), and requires careful examination, immediate treatment and routine hospital care under surveillance. Apart from cases where the condition of the patient necessitates urgent intubation, those cases with rapidly evolving signs over 24 hours must be admitted to intensive care since worsening of dyspnea can lead to delayed decompensation. Wide spectrum antibiotic therapy is necessary for patients with epiglottitis and adjacent infective ulcerations since many germs may be implicated, while for the always benign glotto-subglottal laryngitis Amoxicillin + clavulinic acid is sufficient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Metamorphic rate in Rana pipiens larvae treated with thyroxine or prolactin at different times in the light/dark cycle.

Premetamorphic Rana pipiens tadpoles at Stages V to VIII on a 12L/12D cycle with photoperiod from 0800 to 2000 hr were treated with 30 micrograms/liter thyroxine (T4) by immersion for various daily 8-hr spans, or by daily intraperitoneal injection at different times with 0.1 to 10 micrograms T4 or 10 micrograms prolactin (PRL), in order to see if the rate of metamorphosis varied with the time of hormone treatment. T4 was most effective in promoting tail resorption and hindlimb growth and development if tadpoles were immersed at least partly in the light or if the hormone was injected late in the dark or in the early or mid light phase. T4 was least effective in accelerating metamorphosis when immersion was totally in the dark or injection early in the dark. PRL antagonized metamorphosis just as well at any time of the day except that tail fin growth was faster when PRL was administered early in the dark. The findings show circadian variations in target tissue responsiveness to exogenous T4 that depend on the occurrence of light during T4 immersion or following T4 injection. The data suggest rhythmicity in the secretion of endogenous T4 in the tadpole and a diurnal effect on T4 utilization by target cells.

Animals↗