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Biomedical subjects

C Baer

Publications and source records attributed to C Baer.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Ultrasonographic and gross pathological findings in the mammary glands of weaned sows having suffered recidiving mastitis metritis agalactia.

In a large pig breeding herd with high prevalence of post-parturient diseases of the sows, weaned sows of different parity groups with (n = 663) or without (n = 1125) recidiving mastitis metritis agalactia (MMA) in their previous history were subjected to ultrasonography. A total of 114 of 663 sows with recidiving MMA in their previous history and with ultrasonographic visible mammary gland changes, and 157 of sows without recidiving MMA in their previous history were culled and subjected to gross pathological and bacteriological examination of their mammary glands. The sows having suffered MMA had more (p < 0.001) hyperechogenic images in their mammary glands compared with the sow having suffered no recidiving MMA. Abdominal glands were more (p < 0.01) prone to pathological changes compared with the pectoral ones. Sows of high parity had more hyperechogenic images and gross pathological changes in their mammary glands compared with the sows of low parity.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The effect of intravaginal applied GnRH-agonist on the time of ovulation and subsequent reproductive performance of weaned multiparous sows.

In order to prove the effect of 'fixed time insemination' and insemination at standing oestrus after post-weaning application of GnRH, in a Croatian large breeding unit, 502 sows were assigned to three groups and were artificially inseminated (AI) at their first post-weaning oestrus as many times as they stand, in 24-h intervals. The groups were treated as follows: group 1 (control, n = 160) were AI during their standing reflex; group 2 ['GnRH-fixed time insemination' (GnRH-FT-AI), n = 175] were AI, independent of detection of oestrus and following administration of GnRH-agonist at 96 h post-weaning; group 3 [GnRH insemination at standing oestrus (GnRH-OE-AI), n = 167] the animals were GnRH-agonist treated as group 2 and were AI at their standing reflex. Pre-trial daily average lactational feed intake, average daily feed intake from weaning to oestrus, oestrus within 6 days post-weaning (%), ovulation within 6 days post-weaning (%), weaning-to-oestrus interval (h), duration of oestrus (h), follicle size (mm), interval from oestrus to ovulation (h), subsequent day 24 pregnancy rate (%), farrowing rate (%) and total pigs born were evaluated. Pre-trial average daily lactational voluntary feed intake was 7.1 +/- 0.08 kg in group 1, 7.0 +/- 0.07 kg in group 2 and 7.1 +/- 0.17 kg in group 3 (p > 0.05). Average voluntary daily feed intake from weaning to oestrus was 5.1 +/- 0.3 kg in group 1, 5.2 +/- 0.5 kg in group 2 and 5.2 +/- 0.19 kg in group 3 (p > 0.05). Oestrus was detected within 6 days post-weaning in 134 (83.8%) in control, 164 (93.7%) in GnRH-FT-AI and 155 (92.8%) animals in GnRH-OE-AI groups (p = 0.05). Follicle size did not differ (p > 0.05) among the groups. In control 82.8%, in GnRH-FT-AI 91.5% and in GnRH-OE-AI 91.0% of the sows ovulated within 6 days post-weaning (p = 0.04), and had 80.6, 90.9 and 89.7% 24-day pregnancy rates (p = 0.16), respectively. In GnRH-FT-AI group 90.2%, in GnRH-OE-AI sows 89.7%, in control animals 79.9% farrowing rates were recorded (p = 0.17). Weaning to oestrus interval was 113.1 h in control, 114.1 h in GnRH-FT-AI and 112.6 h GnRH-OE-AI (p > 0.05). Duration of oestrus was significantly shorter in GnRH-FT-AI (44.9 h) and GnRH-OE-AI (48.1 h) animals, compared with the control (62.9 h) sows (p = 0.001). Similarly, the interval from oestrus to ovulation revealed significant (p = 0.004) differences between the groups (control 44.1 h, GnRH-OE-AI 34.1 h and GnRH-FT-AI 32.9 h). GnRH-FT-AI (12.5) and GnRH-OE-AI (12.6) sows had significantly higher (p = 0.01) number of total pigs born (n = 10.4) compared with control sows. GnRH-agonist-gel treatment to the sow shortens duration of oestrus, the interval from oestrus to ovulation, and may eliminate the need for oestrus detection in the hands of skilled personnel.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed2001

The functional unit of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP)--purification, characterization and preliminary crystallographic analysis.

To define the relationship between the structure and function of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) we seek to prepare crystals of IRBP suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis. As recent studies suggest that each of IRBPs four homologous regions or modules possess ligand-binding activity, we here explore the feasibility of preparing crystals from an individual module. Xenopus laevis IRBP, which has a similar four-module structure as that of mammalian and avian IRBPs, was selected for these studies in view of the advantage of the Xenopus retina for cellular and transgenic approaches. In the present study we focused on the second module of Xenopus IRBP. This module was expressed as a thioredoxin/histidine-patch fusion protein to promote its soluble expression in Escherichia coli and subsequent purification. The ligand-binding properties of the fusion protein were determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. For the preparation of crystals, the module was enzymatically separated from the fusion tag. Crystals of the native and selenomethionine derivatized module were prepared by vapor diffusion in hanging drops. Module II of IRBP binds 1.57 +/- 0.041 and 1.49 +/- 0.15 equivalents of at all- trans retinol and 9-(9-anthroyloxy) stearic acid, respectively, with KDs in the 0.1 microM range. Crystals of this module had an elongated rectangular beam-like morphology. A complete dataset of a frozen selenomethionine crystal extending to 1.85 A resolution was collected. Focusing on the individual modules will likely provide an effective strategy to correlate biochemical and structural data to define the functional domains of IRBP. The quality and resolution of the data obtained suggests that it will be possible in the near future to solve the X-ray crystal structure of the IRBP modules.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Anatomical variation of the posterior interosseous nerve: a cadaver dissection study.

An anatomical variation of the posterior interosseous nerve was found in a cadaver. The posterior interosseous nerve entered the supinator muscle 3 cm distal to the radiohumeral joint, but exited from two sites. Fifty percent of the nerve exited under the distal edge of the supinator muscle. The other 50% of the nerve pierced through the supinator muscle, 4.2 cm distal to the articular surface of the radial head and then joined the remaining posterior interosseous nerve as it emerged from the supinator muscle distally. Variations were not found concerning the order and the manner of branches to the muscles. This variation in the posterior interosseous nerve could be an additional compression site for this nerve and therefore responsible for some of the atypical presentations of symptoms and for partial recovery after surgical decompression. Careful surgical dissection is recommended to avoid injury to this branch.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

The Posterior Interosseous Nerve Anatomical Variation and Surgical Consideration - A Case Report of Cadaver Study.

We found an anatomical variation of the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) in a cadaver. The PIN entered the supinator muscle 3 cm distal to the radiohumeral joint, but exited from two sites. 50% of the nerve exited under the distal edge of the supinator muscle. The other half of the nerve pierced through the supinator muscle, 4.2 cm distal to the articular surface of the radial head and then joined the remaining PIN as it emerged from the supinator muscle distally. We did not find variations concerning the order and the manner of branches to the muscles. This variation in the PIN could be an additional compression site for this nerve; and therefore responsible for some of the atypical presentations of symptoms and for partial recovery after surgical decompression. A careful surgical dissection should be recommended to avoid injury to this branch.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Anatomic variation of the extensor tendons to the ring and little fingers: a cadaver dissection study.

We found an anatomic variation of the extensor digiti minimi (EDM) and extensor digitorum communis (EDC) in a cadaveric dissection. The EDM had three tendon slips; two slips to the little finger and one to the ring finger metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint. The ring finger slip inserted in the extensor hood with the EDC. The EDC had a separate tendon to the little finger extensor hood. The EDM had an additional pulley distal to the extensor retinaculum. The MP joints of the little and ring fingers extended simultaneously upon pulling the EDM or the EDC. The third slip of the EDM could provide an extra donor site and possibly poses a unique clinical presentation.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

A comparison of alexithymia in American and Japanese dialysis patients.

A comparison of alexithymia in American and Japanese dialysis patients was performed using the Beth Israel Hospital Questionnaire (BIQ) and the MMPI Alexithymia Scale (MMPI-AS) including structured interviews. No significant differences between the USA and Japan were observed in all dialysis patients with both BIQ and MMPI-AS. However, the alexithymia score in US hemodialysis (HD) patients was significantly lower than that in Japanese HD patients, whereas the alexithymia score in American continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients was significantly higher than that in Japanese CAPD patients. These results may suggest the possibility that the differences in dialysis policy between USA and Japan have secondary effects on alexithymia, which is one of the psychosomatic factors reflecting self-control ability in dialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characteristics and perceptions of after-hours callers.

After-hours care remains an important aspect of community practice although little is known about the views of either physicians or patients. This study presents an analysis of 12 499 after-hours calls made to a family practice centre over a five-year period, and 798 follow-up telephone interviews conducted with people who called for help after hours. Fifty per cent of the callers requested care for themselves while the remainder made the call for another family member, usually a child; most had discussed the problem with family or friends before calling. A majority stated that they would go to a hospital emergency room if they could not use the after-hours service. Physicians tended to perceive the calls as being due primarily to physical problems, while almost one-third of the callers stated that the motive for their call was anxiety or concern rather than physical discomfort. Although there was a lack of agreement between physician and caller on several aspects of the contact, most of the callers were satisfied with the contact.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and epidemiologic correlates of Chlamydia trachomatis in rural and urban populations.

In two rural and two urban family planning clinics in central Pennsylvania, the authors screened 889 women making routine visits for Chlamydia trachomatis using the Chlamydiazyme immunoassay method (Abbott Laboratories; North Chicago, IL). C. trachomatis antigens were detected in 11.2% of the women; they found no differences in prevalence between rural and urban clinics. Among 21 clinical characteristics and seven risk factors, younger age (younger than 25), oral contraceptive use, gonococcal infection, mucopurulent exudate, abnormal vaginal discharge, and cervical ectropion were associated with chlamydial infection. Logistic regression revealed that age alone was independently associated with infection. The authors found that screening criteria derived from other epidemiologic studies generally did not predict the presence of C. trachomatis in the present sample. In a follow-up study performed at least one year later, 169 patients were re-screened; 47 tested positive and 122 negatives for C. trachomatis. Overall, 11.8% were infected, which was 12.4% of those who originally tested negative and 10.6% of those who originally tested positive.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗