Biomedical subjects

C Backhouse

Publications and source records attributed to C Backhouse.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Anatomopathological study of 86 gastric adenomas. Experience in 14 years].

AIM: To analyze the clinical presentation, pathological aspect and treatment of gastric adenomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 75 patients aged 26 to 88 years in whom a gastric adenoma was diagnosed. RESULT: Seventy one patients had elevated endoscopical lesions and two had depressed or flat lesions. Ninety percent of lesions were located in the gastric antrum. Pathological study detected 6 focal carcinomas within the adenomas and 5 concomitant carcinomas located elsewhere in the stomach. Fifty four patients were subjected to endoscopical resection. Among patients with focal carcinomas, a gastrectomy was performed in four and endoscopical resection in two. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric adenomas must be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastric elevated lesions and may be confused in early gastric cancer. There is a histological resemblance between adenomas and gastric dysplasia described by several authors though only in our cases and in the Japanese literature the adenoma is referred to as mostly a polypoid sessile lesion.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1994

Splanchnic and systemic hemodynamics in early abstinence and after ethanol administration in non-cirrhotic alcoholic patients.

Thirteen asymptomatic chronic alcoholic patients were studied to investigate the early stages of portal hypertension in alcoholic liver disease and the effects of withdrawal and ethanol on hepatic function and hemodynamic variables. None of the patients presented clinical signs of decompensated liver disease, and their liver biopsies showed normal liver or moderate alterations only. In basal conditions and after an intravenous ethanol infusion (1 g/kg body weight), hepatic venous pressure gradient and hepatic blood flow using indocyanine green were measured through hepatic vein catheterization. Hepatic sinusoidal vascular resistance and indocyanine green intrinsic clearance were also calculated. Portal blood flow measurements were obtained by Doppler ultrasound. No correlation was observed between hepatic venous pressure gradient and histologic features, (steatosis, necrosis, fibrosis, inflammation and hepatocyte surface area). In basal conditions, portal hypertension was not found in any case. After ethanol, portal pressure increased significantly (p < 0.001); in four cases it rose to or above 5 mmHg. Portal blood flow, hepatic blood flow and hepatic vascular resistance also increased significantly. Intrinsic indocyanine green clearance decreased slightly but significantly. No significant correlations were found between portal pressure, hepatic resistance and the histologic parameters. It was concluded that alcoholic patients, without clinical or laboratory evidence of liver failure and with minimal or moderate histologic alterations, have normal portal pressures. After an intravenous ethanol load, however, four out of 13 patients (31%) reached levels of 5 mmHg or more, irrespective of their liver histology.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Hemodynamic and functional hepatic effects of isosorbide-5-monitrate in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension].

Isosorbide 5-mononitrate reduces portal pressure in acute conditions. The aim of this work was to assess its effects and tolerance development after 30 days of use in alcoholic cirrhotic patients without history of variceal bleeding. Nine patients with portal hypertension (7 with esophageal varices) were studied. Hepatic and systemic hemodynamic parameters were measured in basal conditions, after one hour and after 30 days of treatment (40 mg b i d). One patient was lost from control at 2 weeks. In the total group, portal pressure decreased from 15.1 +/- 3.7 mm Hg to 12.1 +/- 5 at one hour and 11.3 +/- 5.5 mm Hg at 30 days (p < 0.002). In two patients, portal pressure was not modified. Portal blood flow increased significantly at one hour in the 7 responder patients. Hepatic blood flow (indocyanine green clearance) was not modified; thus, estimated hepatic resistance decreases in both periods. Intrinsic indocyanine green clearance (a measure of hepatic function) did not change in any period. Systemic blood pressure decreased and cardiac rate increased only after one hour. The fall in portal pressure did not correlate with changes in portal or hepatic blood flow. It is concluded that isosorbide 5-mononitrate decreased portal pressure in 7 out of nine patients, even after 30 days of treatment, without untoward effects over hepatic function or perfusion.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of cefpodoxime in young adult and elderly patients.

Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of a new third-generation cephalosporin, cefpodoxime, were evaluated in adults (15, 18-60 years) and elderly adults (10, greater than or equal to 70 years), all out-patients suffering from acute lower respiratory tract infection. A dose of 200 mg cefpodoxime proxetil (expressed in mg cefpodoxime) was administered 12-hourly for seven to ten days and timed blood samples were evaluated on days 0, 3, 5, 6/7 and on the last day of treatment. Results showed that the pharmacokinetics in adult and elderly patients were comparable with those of healthy volunteers and with each other, with the exception of one elderly patient with severe renal impairment. Dosage adjustment of cefpodoxime proxetil does not therefore appear to be necessary in the elderly unless there is evidence of severe renal insufficiency.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985