Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C B Royeen

Publications and source records attributed to C B Royeen.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

A problem-based learning curriculum for occupational therapy education.

To prepare practitioners and researchers who are well equipped to deal with the inevitable myriad changes in health care and in society coming in the 21st century, a new focus is needed in occupational therapy education. In addition to proficiency in clinical skills and technical knowledge, occupational therapy graduates will need outcome competencies underlying the skills of critical reflection. In this article, the author presents (a) the rationale for the need for change in occupational therapy education, (b) key concepts of clinical reasoning and critical reflection pertaining to the outcome such change in occupational therapy education should address, (c) problem-based learning as a process and educational method to prepare occupational therapists in these competencies, and (d) the experience of the Program in Occupational Therapy at Shenandoah University in Winchester, Virginia, in implementing a problem-based learning curriculum.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1994

Current practice among NeuroDevelopmental Treatment Association members.

OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were (a) to describe how neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) is currently being provided by occupational therapists, physical therapists, and speech-language therapists (e.g., setting, duration, frequency, techniques used), (b) to determine which populations are viewed by clinicians as most responsive to NDT intervention, and (c) to examine clinicians' attitudes and beliefs regarding NDT philosophy, role delineation, and provision of NDT service. METHOD: A sample of 431 members of the Neuro-Developmental Treatment Association, Inc. responded to a questionnaire examining current practice in NDT. RESULTS: Respondents typically provided NDT once or twice a week with an emphasis on qualitative movement and functional performance. Persons with mild to moderate levels of motor dysfunction were viewed as responding best to NDT. Therapists reported using an eclectic approach that combines NDT with other treatment approaches. The three disciplines reported using different types of NDT handling techniques to accomplish discipline-specific goals. There was a strong belief that NDT is a total management program that considers the client's functioning in many settings and that families should be involved in the client's therapy program. CONCLUSION: There was wide consensus that the theoretical tenets underlying NDT need revision to consider current theoretical thinking and practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Use of neurodevelopmental treatment as an intervention: annotated listing of studies 1980-1990.

This annotated bibliography presents a listing of research investigations on the effectiveness of neurodevelopmental treatment, an approach developed by the Bobaths in managing the neuromotor problems of infants, toddlers, children, and adults with neuromotor disorders. The annotated listing of 19 articles appearing in peer-reviewed journals between 1980 and 1990 is presented by category of experimental design (single-subject, quasi-experimental, and experimental). Each research article was reviewed for research question, conceptual framework, research design, findings, and limitations. The bibliography should be useful for educators, clinicians, and researchers in evaluating current research and in developing strategic plans for research. The implications for clinical practice and program development are discussed.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Touch Inventory for Elementary-School-Aged Children.

The syndrome of tactile defensiveness, first described by Ayres in 1964, has undergone continued study as well as related theory development. No standardized assessment for tactile defensiveness, however, currently exists. This paper presents a 26-item screening scale, the Touch Inventory for Elementary-School-Aged Children (TIE), as well as its psychometric characteristics. Normative data and precautions for proper use of the TIE are also given.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Employment of occupational therapists in nontraditional settings.

From my personal experience as a therapist employed in a nontraditional setting, I have identified the skills and abilities of experienced occupational therapists that are germane to work in nontraditional settings or beyond the clinic walls. Our profession can benefit from therapists working in nontraditional settings by gaining recognition and influencing decision makers in ways that will benefit the clientele that occupational therapists serve.

Career Mobility↗
PubMed1990

Occupational therapy in pediatric rehabilitation.

Occupational therapy in pediatric rehabilitation focuses on the effects of diseases and of the environment on a child's abilities to function successfully in daily life settings (home, school and playground) and roles (family member, student, etc.). In this paper, the process of pediatric occupational therapy, from assessment to discharge planning, is briefly described. Pediatric occupational therapy intervention strategies including treatment, environmental adaptation, and systems change are presented and illustrated. Three case studies highlighting occupational therapy intervention are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Promoting occupational therapy in the schools.

In response to our perceptions of the need to clarify the nature of school-based occupational therapy services at the local, state, and federal levels, we have written this article to address three areas. First, we suggest that the terminology used by school-based occupational therapists to describe their work be explained in terms that will allow parents and educators to better understand the roles and functions of the occupational therapist in the school. Second, to clarify and thereby increase the marketability of school-based occupational therapy, we propose a conceptual framework upon which the provision of occupational therapy as a service related to education can be based. Third, to clarify the unique role of occupational therapy in the schools, we define the roles and functions of school-based occupational therapy in such a way as to differentiate it from other related school-based services. Finally, we identify strategies to further secure the position of occupational therapy in the schools.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of school-based occupational therapy programs: need, strategy, and dissemination.

This paper has identified the need for evaluation research regarding school-based occupational therapy programs, proposed a strategy for the current and future evaluation of school-based occupational therapy programs, and discussed the need and rationale for the process of dissemination as a component of such evaluation research. The purpose of evaluation research is to maintain and improve school-based occupational therapy programs. If carried out, evaluation research will not have a sudden or significant impact on school personnel, but more likely it will foster a "gradual, incremental" (Aiken & Daillak, 1979, p. 48) support for school-based occupational therapy programs.

Education, Special↗
PubMed1986

Promise in nonparametrics.

This paper proposes the use of nonparametric statistical methods as a way to increase the quality and quantity of research in occupational therapy. Assumptions underlying parametric versus nonparametric methods are compared and the conditions under which nonparametric methods may be preferred are specified. Finally, a synopsis of equivalent nonparametric procedures for common parametric methods is presented.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

The development of a touch scale for measuring tactile defensiveness in children.

A three-phase study was conducted to develop an attitude scale measuring tactile defensiveness in children aged 6 to 10 years. It was assumed that the effects of tactile defensiveness on the perception and behavior of children produces stereotypical responses that can be measured by an attitude scale. A 49-item scale was developed and administered to 80 normal and 22 tactually defensive children within a large suburban school district. A subsequent item analysis reduced the scale to 26 items. This touch scale yielded an internal consistency reliability of .79432 and could distinguish between groups at a statistically significant level (.0073). The touch scale offers potential for diagnosing tactually defensive children. However, future research is required before it can be employed as a diagnostic tool. Such research could focus on the test-retest reliability of the scale and the refinement of the diagnostic validity of the test.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Domain specifications of the construct tactile defensiveness.

A comprehensive list of descriptors of behaviors associated with tactile defensiveness in elementary schoolchildren was compiled as a preliminary to subsequent psychometric measurement of tactile defensiveness. This, the first phase of scale development, was accomplished in the following manner. The construct tactile defensiveness was defined, and a variety of behaviors related to the domain of the construct were collected. The list of behaviors was submitted to an expert for review. Descriptors of statements a child might make based on the behaviors were generated. Then, the list of descriptors was edited, and the remaining descriptors were rated by a panel of experts according to the degree to which the descriptor was associated with tactile defensiveness. Logical and computer analyses of the descriptors' ratings were performed. Of the 73 descriptors specified, two were dropped because of cultural bias and 24 were dropped because they were not rated by the experts as being associated with tactile defensiveness. This paper discusses the importance of the remaining list of 47 descriptors for subsequent research and delineates appropriate clinical use of those descriptors.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Fingertip textural perception of normal children.

The current study investigated the influence of masking upon children's fingertip textural perception. While a screen occluded their vision 52 6- to 10-yr.-old subjects palpated a pair of equivalent paper-covered sandpaper blocks and judged whether the blocks felt rougher when palpated with or without intermediate paper covering their fingertips. Pressure exerted by the subjects was recorded. It was concluded that children's judgment is independent of pressure exerted; r = .04. Masking in children, unlike adults, was related to sandpaper grit, for the children judged the paper condition tougher primarily when the coarser sandpaper was used. Possible explanations are presented.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Relationship of the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests, the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test, and clinical observations accompanying them to evaluations in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, and audiology: two descriptive case studies.

A preliminary investigation was conducted into the relationship of the Southern California Sensory Integration Tests (SCSIT), the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test (SCPNT), and clinical observations accompanying these tests to evaluations in otolaryngolgoy, ophthalmology, and audiology, ophthalmology, and audiology. The subjects were two children with vestibularly based sensory integrative dysfunction. The results revealed that there was no agreement between the results of the SCPNT and the otolaryngological evaluation. There was some agreement between the ophthalmology evaluation and the clinical observations accompanying the SCSIT. Both subjects scored poorly in two areas of auditory processing. Possible reasons for these results are discussed as well as implications for occupational therapy reached and practice.

Audiology↗
PubMed1980

Factors affecting test-retest reliability of the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test.

More effective clinical use of the Southern California Postrotary Nystagmus Test (SCPNT) may result if factors affecting test reliability were known. An experiment, a pilot study involving primary grade students, was designed to assess whether time of day or sex affected the test. The SCPNT was administered at a 2-week interval to 12 boys and 12 girls and subject responses were noted and compiled. Pearson Correlation Coefficients revealed high reliability for all conditions. No significant differences existed for sex or time of retest. Responses to the SCPNT revealed that it was typical for a subject to demonstrate pleasure but not typical to show alarm, threat, or loss of body balance while rotating.

Adult↗