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Biomedical subjects

C B Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to C B Johnson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Job analysis 1992: infection control practitioner.

The Certification Board of Infection Control directed its Research Subcommittee to compose a Job Analysis Committee in 1991. This 9-member Job Analysis Committee, in collaboration with Applied Measurement Professionals, Inc., conducted a job analysis of ICPs during 1992. The reassessment of the previous Certification Board of Infection Control task analysis, formation of a job-analysis survey tool, and the actual job-analysis process and its results are described in this article. The previous and newly revised test specification outlines are compared. The national Certification Examination for Infection Control for November 1993 will reflect the efforts of this endeavor.

Canada↗
PubMed1988

Fatty acid composition of fats of differing melting points extracted from ram subcutaneous tissue.

The observation that the subcutaneous fat of pasture-fed Southdown rams consists of two distinct regions is reported. Fatty acid composition of fat from the outer and inner regions of subcutaneous tissue taken from the rib region of eight Southdown rams fed pasture were determined. Relative to the harder inner regions (mean melting point 43.1 degrees C), the softer outer regions (mean melting point 31.8 degrees C) were shown to contain more 9:0-, 15:0-, 17:0-, 17:1-, 18:1-cis and total 18:1 fatty acids; less 14:0-, 16:0-, 18:0- and 18:1-trans fatty acids; and a greater variety and a greater concentration of branched-chain components. Proportions of medium chain-length fatty acids, other than 9:0, did not differ between the layers. The fatty acid contents of serial samples taken at 1-mm intervals through these tissues were determined. Changes in concentrations of components among samples were gradual through the tissues. There was no clear connective tissue sheet, as has been reported for pigs. The inner region of the tissues contains apparently nonrandom fluctuating changes in fatty acid composition.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1986

A unique approach to peritoneal dialysis in infants.

Little recorded experience exists concerning the use of chronic peritoneal dialysis in the infant. We herein report the results of a multidisciplinary approach to two infants who were treated with a unique modification of "short-dwell" peritoneal dialysis. A single-bag technique was devised in the hopes of reducing glucose absorption and protein losses while concomitantly permitting a simplified manual method of cycling peritoneal dialysis. The desired nutritional needs of the infants consisted of a caloric intake of 140 calories/kg/d and a protein intake of 3.0 to 4.0 g/kg/d, a goal that often required administration through a nasogastric tube. The timely initiation of peritoneal dialysis and the strict adherence to the prescribed dietary regimen was associated with continued growth in both patients. Repeated developmental assessments of each child were conducted and revealed normal development in one patient and mild delay, but gradual improvement, in the other.

Blood Urea Nitrogen↗
PubMed1985

The monounsaturated acyl- and alkyl- moieties of wax esters and their distribution in commercial orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) oil.

Wax esters were isolated from commercial orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) oil by column chromatography and fractionated by argentation thin layer chromatography. Following transesterification, the resultant fatty acid methyl esters and fatty alcohols were analyzed by gas chromatography. Both acyl- and alkyl-moieties were mainly of the monoene structure within the 16:1-22:1 range. After derivatization, the positions of the double bonds of even numbered fatty acid and fatty alcohol isomers were located by chromatography-mass spectrometry and compared. Results of these positional analyses indicate that the primary desaturation reactions takes place in the delta 9 position of pre-existing (C14 to C24) acyl chains. It is proposed that acyl components from 18:1 are subjected to chain elongation to form a mixture of 24:1 isomers as the final product. Apart from the 24:1 acyl moiety of the wax esters, in which the double bond was almost exclusively in the delta 15 position, de novo biosynthetic reactions on acids and alcohols appear to yield related acyl- and alkyl-moieties of resynthesized wax esters.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Combined phenotypic and genotypic analysis of ringed sideroblasts in acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia.

Bone marrow from an 81-year-old male with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia was found to be mosaic for 45,X/46,XY cell lines. Analysis of ringed sideroblasts for the presence or absence of a quinicrine fluorescent Y body indicated that all sideroblastic cells had lost the Y chromosome. The demonstration that the ringed sideroblasts were cytogenetically abnormal in this patient provides evidence that the cytogenetic changes often found in patients with sideroblastic anemia may not be due to randomly acquired chromosome aberrations accompanying tissue aging unrelated to the disease process.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Time use of mothers with preschool children: a pilot study.

This pilot study describes and compares the time use for physical child care of two groups of mothers--those with physically handicapped preschoolers (N = 16) and those with normal preschoolers (N = 21). Each mother completed a questionnaire on the time she spent in three categories of physical child care activities. These activities included feeding, personal care, and transportation for physical care. Investigators collected data on both frequency and duration. They reported descriptive data for all categories separately and combined. The results of the study show that the mothers of the physically handicapped preschoolers spent significantly more time engaged in physical child care activities than did the mothers of normal preschoolers. Results also show a high correlation between frequency and duration data for physical child care. The results strongly suggest that the mothers of physically handicapped preschoolers spend significantly more time in physical child care than do the mothers of normal preschoolers. They also suggest that frequency data alone could be collected in further studies in this area without appreciably reducing the accuracy of the results.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1985

The carbon dioxide laser in podiatric medicine.

The CO2 laser has several distinct advantages in its application to soft tissue lesions of the foot. A dry field is obtained with good hemostasis and clear vision, with easy access in confined areas. The laser beam sterilizes as it cuts, reducing the incidence of infection. In sealing lymphatic channels, it may theoretically diminish the risk of metastasis in malignant lesions. Healing occurs with minimal postoperative swelling, scarring, or pain, leading to increased patient comfort. Other areas in which the laser can be helpful are porokeratosis, keloids, spider web varicosities, and tattoos.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1984

The role of student volunteers in door-to-door hypertension screening.

This study was part of a continuing effort to develop a community-based approach to health care. Student volunteers in seventh- and ninth-grade health classes were trained to take blood pressure measurements and then conduct door-to-door screening for hypertension. One group of student volunteers within each grade level screened households surrounding the school they attended (low-convenience condition), while another group of volunteers screened households adjacent to their own homes (high-convenience condition). The results from these screening methods were compared with the results obtained from a central-site neighborhood screening center. Chi-square tests on the proportion of households screened indicated that the high convenience door-to-door screening method was significantly more effective than either the low-convenience door-to-door method or the central-site screening method. The latter two methods were not statistically different from each other. Both seventh and ninth graders screened significantly more households in the high-convenience condition than in the low-convenience condition. Ninth graders were superior to seventh graders in the high-convenience, but not in the low-convenience, condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Nitrate reductase activity (in vivo and in vitro) of ditelosomic stocks of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The nitrate reductase activities (NRA) of 31 ditelosomic stocks were compared with that of the control plant [Chinese Spring (CS) euploid], using in vivo and in vitro assay procedures that had been optimized with respect to the euploid. Fourteen stock exhibited significant differences in in vivo NRA from that of the euploid; the effect of removal of a chromosome arm was always to increase NRA. Eight of these stocks showed similar effects in vitro, although in three, a casein-sensitive factor had to be eliminated before the difference was expressed. Homoeologous group effects were evident among ditelosomics of groups 2, 4, and 7, while for three chromosomes (2D, 7A, and 7B), removal of either are resulted in a similar increase in NRA in vivo and probable in vitro.

Genes↗
PubMed1979

Malignant transformation of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia.

We have described an unusual case of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia in a 25-year-old white woman who had malignant transformation into a mesenchymal tumor with widespread metastases and features of rhabdomyosarcoma. Masculinization also occurred with high plasma testosterone levels. A mechanism for the development of masculinizing features is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Nitrate Reductase and Soluble Cytochrome c Reductase(s) in Higher Plants.

The 4S cytochrome c (Cyt c) reductase activity of several plant species was markedly stimulated by cyanide and ferrocyanide but those of the 8S nitrate reductase component and other particulate components of the maize (Zea mays L.) scutellum by comparison, were increased only slightly. The effect of cyanide and ferrocyanide was not due to elimination of cytochrome oxidase interference but resulted from the stimulation of NADH-dependent reduction of Cyt c. A 4S Cyt c reductase component which could be isolated by ammonium sulfate fractionation and diethyl-aminoethyl-cellulose chromatography was found to be stimulated markedly by cyanide and ferrocyanide. The remaining 4S Cyt c reductase, which was insensitive to cyanide and ferrocyanide, was also fractionated with ammonium sulfate into two components. One of these, like the 8S Cyt c reductase, was sensitive to a protease from the maize roots which is relatively specific for nitrate reductase. This 4S Cyt c reductase species could be a subunit of nitrate reductase.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

Analysis of 4-methyloctanoic acid and other medium chain-length fatty acid constituents of ovine tissue lipids.

Medium chain-length (C6-C9) fatty acids in depot, intramuscular, kidney, and liver lipids from pasture-fed sheep and subcutaneous and intramuscular lipids from barley-fed sheep were analyzed with emphasis on the 4-methyloctanoic acid (hircinoic acid) content. Within individual animals, the level of hircinoic acid in the subcutaneous fat was usually higher than that either in the deeper depot fats or in the intramuscular fat. Variation of hircinoic acid levels between animals was greatest in the subcutanous fat and least in the perinrphric fat. There were usually higher levels of both branched and odd carbon chain fatty acids in the lipids of barley-fed sheep than in the corresponding lipids of pasture-fed sheep.

Adipose Tissue↗