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Biomedical subjects

C B Higgins

Publications and source records attributed to C B Higgins.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Clinical and angiographic features of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas in children.

Multiple pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas were demonstrated angiographically in 8 patients who exhibited cyanosis and polycythemia during childhood. Cyanosis was first observed during infancy in 5 patients. The diffuse (telangiectatic) type was present in 2 cases, while the remainder were of the multiple discrete type with one or two dominant fistulas. The clinical and angiographic features and surgical implications of multiple pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas in these children and those reported previously are discussed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1976

Palmar arteriography in acronecrosis.

Palmar arteriography in patients with acronecrosis complicating collagen vascular disease demonstrated multiple occlusions and stenoses which were most severe in the proper digital arteries. Involvement was prevalent at points of manual stress, i.e., adjacent to metacarpal-phalangeal and interphalangeal joints. An additional observation was the presence of incomplete superficial and deep palmar arches in all instances, a finding which diametrically contrasts with anatomical studies purporting to demonstrate complete palmar arches in 80% of the normal population.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Postoperative chylothorax in children with congenital heart disease. Clinical and roentgenographic features.

The clinical and roentgenographic findings in 11 children were reviewed following development of a chylothorax after surgery for the management of congenital heart disease. The operative site in most cases was in proximity to the aortic isthmus. The pleural effusion was delayed in onset, reaccumulated rapidly after initial thoracentesis, and frequently recurred after apparent resolution. In most patients, widening of the mediastinum was noted prior to the appearance of the pleural effusion. Anatomical features of the thoracic duct and pathophysiologic concepts operative in chylothorax are reviewed and related to the clinical and roentgenographic characteristics of this entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneously and pharmacologically provoked coronary arterial spasm in Prinzmetal variant angina.

Eleven of 21 consecutive patients with Prinzmetal angina (PMA) exhibited no significant fixed stenoses of the coronary arteries. Spontaneous coronary arterial spasm was demonstrated in 3 patients. Ergonovine maleate produced near-total occlusion of a major vessel in 3 of 4 other patients with PMA, but did not provoke spasm in 10 without PMA. The current study documents spasm as the mechanism of myocardial ischemia in some patients with normal coronary arteries and provides initial and favorable diagnostic results with provocative pharmacoangiography in this entity.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1976

Direct chronotropic and dromotropic actions of contrast media: ineffectiveness of atropine in the prevention of bradyarrhythmias and conduction disturbances.

Methyl glucamine sodium diatrizoate (Renografin 76) was directly infused into the isolated arteries to the sino-atrial and atrioventricular nodes of anesthetized dogs, causing a dose-related inhibition of sino-atrial nodal automaticity and atrioventricular nodal conductivity; these effects were not attenuated by autonomic blockade or cervical vagotomy. The important negative chronotropic and dramatropic effects of contrast media used for coronary angiography are direct actions and cannot be effectively blocked by premedication with atropine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Bilateral pulmonary hilar lymphadenopathy. An unusual manifestation of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Four patients with bilateral pulmonary hilar adenopathy secondary to lymphangitic spread from renal cell carcinoma were examined. Two additional cases had adenopathy secondary to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Patients may initially present with bilateral pulmonary lymphadenopathy or as late as 3 1/2 years after the discovery of the primary renal tumor. The mechanism of lymphangitic spread probably is related to reflux of tumor emboli from the thoracic duct into the bronchomediastinal trunks because of incompetent lymphatic valves. In one case gallium imaging demonstrated bilateral hilar isotopic uptake as well as periaortic uptake.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Ventilation-perfusion lung images in the Swyer-James syndrome.

Ventilation-perfusion lung imaging appears to be a significant nonivasive means of supporting the clinical diagnosis of Swyer-James syndrome. Three cases are presented which display characteristic delayed washout of xenon from a small or normal-sized, underperfused hyperlucent lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

An unusual form of the transposition complex. Uncorrected levo-transposition with horizontal ventricular septum: Report of two cases.

A distinctive angiographic appearance is described in two patients who had uncorrected levo-transposition of the great vessels. Although levo-transposition with inversion of the ventricles usually results in physiologically corrected transposition, in these patients the anatomy was arranged in such a way as to result in an uncorrected transposition. The following elements were responsible for this physiological condition: normal atrial situs, inverted ventricles with "criss-cross" atrioventricular flow, levo-transposed great arteries. In addition, the morphological right ventricle was hypoplastic, left sided and superior to the left ventricle and the ventricular septum was horizontal in position. The two ventricles were connected via a large ventricular septal defect. The importance of accurate, detailed, preoperative angiographic demonstration of the anatomic situation is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Predictive factors and mechanism of arrhythmias and myocardial ischaemic changes in elderly patients during barium enema.

The incidence of significant arrhythmias and ST segment changes during barium enema examination (BE) was evaluated by Holter monitoring of 58 unselected patients over the age of 60 years. Forty percent of the group developed new significant arrhythmias of which the most common were frequent and/or multifocal premature ventricular contractions. Seven percent demonstrated ST segment depression. Administration of glucagon did not diminish the incidence of arrhythmias. Predictive factors for ECG abnormalities were advancing age, abnormal pre-BE-ECG, and pre-BE orthostatic hypotension. Analysis of arhythmias and response to phywiologic tension. Analysis of arrhythmias and response to physiologic manoeuvres suggested that the abnormalities were related to increased sympathetic tone which may be intensified by hypovolaemia resulting from routine bowel preparation.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal left ventricular catheter motion: an ancillary angiographic sign of left atrial myxoma.

The normal motion of a left ventricular catheter parallels that of the aortic root; it moves anterior during systole and posterior during diastole. In contrast, a prolapsing left atrial myxoma causes paradoxical motion of the catheter; posterior during systole and anterior during diastole. Paradoxical motion was found in each of five cases of prolapsing left atrial myxoma (no false negatives), and in six out of 61 controls (six false positives). In the false positive cases, the catheter was not positioned on the ventricular floor and usually only minor degrees of abnormal motion were present. Paradoxical motion of the left ventricular catheter is an ancillary angiographic finding in prolapsing left atrial tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Localised aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta.

The clinical, roentgenographic and aortographic data were reviewed in 12 patients with localised descending, thoracic aortic aneurysms. The current study indicates that arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease not infrequently produced localised saccular aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta. Characteristic symptomatology was unusual; most aneurysms were detected as incidental roentgenographic findings. The aneurysms projected from the posteroloteral aspect of the aorta and roentgenographically appeared as left hilar masses or left retrocardiac masses when located in the mid and lower descending thoracic aorta, respectively. Specific rim calcification or vertebral erosion was not encountered in any case. During aortography only a small portion of the aneurysm was outlined with contrast material due to partial obliteration of the aneurysmal cavity with thrombus.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Abnormal brain scans in adrenal leukodystrophy. A study of three cases.

Brain scintiphotography in three patients with the clinical characteristics of adrenal leukodystrophy demonstrated focal areas of increased uptake of the radionuclide. Histological examination of cerebral tissue corresponding to the abnormal foci on the scan revealed sudanophilic leukodystrophy. These findings suggest that areas of active demyelination, such as occur in adrenal leukodystrophy, accumulate radionuclide. Thus, brain scintiphotography may be useful in the evaluation of patients in whom the diagnosis of adrenal leukodystrophy is being considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Evaluation of a videodensitometric method for monitoring the left ventricular contractile state.

Videodensitometry of the margins of the fluoroscopic image of the left ventricle (LV) was used to evaluate LV wall motion. Differentiation of the wall motion signal reflected the velocity of LV contraction (dv/dt) during various inotropic interventions in 6 anesthetized dogs. Alterations in dv/dt were similar to changes in simultaneously measured LV peak dP/dt and the quotient of dP/dt and developed LV pressure, two widely accepted parameters of LV contractile state.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1975

Reversal of dominance of the coronary arterial system in isolated aortic stenosis and bicuspid aortic valve.

The dominance of the coronary arterial system was determined angiographically in 75 adult patients with isolated aortic stenosis with or without insufficiency, 25 adult patients with pure aortic insufficiency, 51 adult patients with combined aortic stenosis and mitral valve disease, and 44 children with bicuspid aortic valves. There was an unusually high incidence of left dominance in adults with isolated aortic stenosis (36%) and in children with bicuspid aortic valves (56.8%). These findings suggest the existence of a variant developmental complex consisting of a bicuspid aortic valve and reversal of dominance of the coronary arterial system. Furthermore, it adds support to the concept that progressive stenosis of a bicuspid aortic valve is frequently the etiology of isolated aortic stenosis in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Pulmonary infarction complicating the use of Swan-Ganz catheters.

Since the introduction of Swan-Ganz (flow-directed balloon-tipped) catheters, in 1970, relatively few serious complications have been reported. This report summarizes three cases of pulmonary infarction secondary to indwelling Swan-Ganz catheters. Two were due to wedging of the catheter and one probably to embolization or extension of thrombus from the tip of the catheter. The radiologist should be aware of this complication, as he is in an excellent position to first make the diagnosis.

Adult↗