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Biomedical subjects

C B Hammond

Publications and source records attributed to C B Hammond.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The outcome of pregnancy in patients with treated and untreated prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors.

Few data document pregnancy risks in patients with prolactin-secreting pituitary tumors, particularly risks relating to the likelihood and severity of increased tumor size. This study presents three groups of women with such lesions. Group 1 consisted of 47 women with transsphenoidal resection who were euprolactinemic postoperatively. Of this group 20 of 22 previously infertile women conceived 25 pregnancies. Group 2 was composed of 17 women who were operated upon but in whom prolactin was still raised (greater than 50 ng/ml) postoperatively and bromocriptine was subsequently used. Seven of these 17 patients were previously infertile, and six of the seven have conceived. In group 3 22 infertile women with small pituitary tumors were not operated upon but received bromocriptine. Eighteen of these patients have achieved 24 pregnancies. Methods of diagnosis, surveillance during pregnancy, and medical and surgical management are presented. Only two patients, both in group 3, developed signs of expanding tumor size in pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1983

The effect of a biodegradable contraceptive capsule (Capronor) containing levonorgestrel on gonadotropin, estrogen, and progesterone levels.

Eight ovulatory women participated in the preliminary evaluation of a new method of contraception. The technique consisted of subdermal implantation of a biodegradable capsule capable of controlled release of levonorgestrel. The study spanned five menstrual cycles: three observation cycles to confirm ovulation, a cycle with the capsule implanted, and a follow-up observation cycle after its removal. All subjects who were sexually active relied on barrier contraception during the study. Basal body temperature determinations were made throughout all five cycles, and the last three cycles included serum assays of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, estradiol, progesterone, and levonorgestrel on days 5, 8 to 18, and 22. All subjects except one experienced suppression of ovulation while the capsule was in place. No serious adverse effects were encountered. These results would seem to justify a larger clinical trial to assess the actual efficacy of this contraceptive method.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1983

Intensive inpatient therapy and survival in gestational trophoblastic disease.

Metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease may be categorized into "good prognosis" and "poor prognosis" groups on the basis of the level of the pretreatment human chorionic gonadotropin titer, the location of metastases, the duration of disease, type of antecedent gestation, and the response of prior therapy. One hundred twenty-six patients with metastatic disease were treated from 1966 through 1979. All patients were treated as inpatients. Sixty-three "good prognosis" patients required an average of 65 days of intensive inpatient chemotherapy and all achieved sustained remission. Sixty-three "poor prognosis" patients were treated. Thirty-eight patients achieved sustained remission after an average of 112 days of intensive chemotherapy. Twenty-five patients (40%) succumbed to disease, after an average of 162 days of therapy. The probability of successful outcome of therapy falls rapidly after 150 days of treatment. Toxicity and deaths are reviewed.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1983

Conservative treatment of endometriosis externa: the effects of danazol therapy.

This report presents the clinical responses of 39 women who underwent danazol treatment for conservative therapy of proven endometriosis. The patients were treated with 800 mg of danazol daily for a mean duration of 7.3 months and were clinically reevaluated at 16.9 months (mean) following the end of treatment. Complete subjective pain relief was noted in 38 patients (97%) within 6 weeks of the onset of danazol therapy. One patient noted only partial amelioration of pain. Recurrence of pain was noted in 38% of all patients at a mean of 6.9 months following therapy. More advanced disease was associated with an increased likelihood and rapidity of recurrence. Twenty-nine of the women were infertile. After treatment, nine conceived (33%). However, when patients with infertility potentially due to other causes also present were excluded, the corrected pregnancy rate was 56%. The side effects of danazol therapy were minimal and cleared rapidly following termination of the drug. These results compare favorably with other study populations where recurrence of disease and corrected pregnancy rates were specifically considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Treatment of nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease: results of methotrexate alone versus methotrexate--folinic acid.

Two treatment regimens for nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease are compared in this retrospective study. The course of 39 patients with nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease treated with methotrexate alone is contrasted to that of 29 patients with nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease who were treated with methotrexate alternated with folinic acid. Of those patients initially treated with methotrexate alone, 7.7% developed methotrexate-resistant disease and required a change in chemotherapy for induction of remission. In contrast, 27.5% of patients initially treated with methotrexate and folinic acid developed methotrexate-resistant disease and required a change in chemotherapy to achieve remission. Ultimately, remission was achieved in all patients. Methotrexate as single-agent chemotherapy was found to be consistently more toxic than methotrexate alternated with folinic acid. It is concluded that methotrexate with folinic acid at the dosage used in this study, while less toxic than methotrexate alone, is less effective than methotrexate alone in the induction of remission of nonmetastatic gestational trophoblastic disease.

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Endocrine problems in the menopause.

The climacteric is an interval characterized by a multitude of physiologic, psychologic, and sociologic alterations that result in an individual's adaptation to life beyond reproduction. The common denominator of the physiologic changes is the loss of functional ovarian follicles and their ability to produce estradiol. The relative estrogen deficiency results in a myriad of systemic changes, some of which in themselves may impair the quality of life or be life-threatening. Estrogen replacement therapy is effective in alleviating some of these changes, including osteoporosis, vasomotor symptoms, and genital atrophy. This treatment, however, confers additional risks, endometrial adenocarcinoma being the one of greatest concern. This risk can be reduced by carefully selecting patients to be treated, closely following them, minimizing the duration and amount of exposure, and adding a progestin to the regimen. It is hoped that the risk of endometrial cancer and other adverse reactions associated with estrogen use can be further reduced when more data regarding optimum dosage and choice of agents are available.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy with the modified Bagshawe protocol for poor prognosis metastatic trophoblastic disease.

The Southeastern Regional trophoblastic Disease Center has treated 126 patients with metastatic gestational trophoblastic disease from 1966 through 1979. Sixty-three cases were categorized as having a poor prognosis on the basis of criteria published previously. Since 1976, 18 patients have been treated with a modification of Bagshawe's multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Ten of 18 patients (56%) have achieved sustained remission. Seventy-eight percent of these patients encountered serious myelosuppression (white blood count 1000 cells or fewer) and 39% suffered severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count 50,000 or fewer). There were no deaths related to drug toxicity. The courses of therapy and complications of modified Bagshawe chemotherapy are reviewed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

The function of the corpus luteum of pregnancy in ovulatory dysfunction and luteal phase deficiency.

Relatively little knowledge exists of corpus luteum function in early pregnancy after the successful treatment of ovulatory dysfunction or luteal phase deficiency. To assess the activity of the corpus luteum of such patients, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH-P) levels were determined in serum samples obtained from normal women (44 patients), women with ovulatory dysfunction (10 patients), and women with luteal phase deficiency (7 patients); all determinations were made during conceptive cycles, and sampling continued into the first trimester of pregnancy. There were no statistically significant abnormalities of hCG levels when infertility patients were compared with control patients. According to the premise that 17-OH-P levels reflect corpus luteal function, there appeared to be adequate function in pregnancies after progesterone treatment of luteal phase deficiency. In pregnancies following ovulation induction with clomiphene, the corpus luteum function, on the basis of 17-OH-P levels, was significantly increased in magnitude and duration. These results have clinical implications with regard to supplemental hormone therapy in early pregnancy.

Adult↗