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Biomedical subjects

C B Croft

Publications and source records attributed to C B Croft.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The role of lateral pharyngeal wall movement in pharyngeal flap surgery.

A total of 202 patients with pharyngeal flaps were assessed with nasopharyngoscopy and multiview fluoroscopy to determine the role of lateral pharyngeal wall movement postoperatively. Variations in the construction of flaps resulted in three categories: namely, a long narrow flap with a high insertion, a short broad flap with a low insertion, and an intermediate-size flap that is inserted in a position somewhere between the first two. It was found that in all cases where there was no evidence of velopharyngeal insufficiency, the sole determiner of velopharyngeal closure was the medical excursion of the lateral pharyngeal walls to the sides of the flap. In flap failures, the causes for velopharyngeal insufficiency were inappropriate degree, level, and symmetry of the lateral pharyngeal wall motion. The success of pharyngeal flap surgery depends largely on the preoperative assessment of the velopharyngeal mechanism and the choice of a type of pharyngeal flap that will best assist closure of the velopharyngeal port during speech.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Velopharyngeal insufficiency in the facio-auriculo-vertebral malformation complex.

Twenty-two patients with the Facio-Auriculo-Vertebral Malformation Complex (hemifacial microsomia) were examined with multi-view videofluoroscopy and nasopharyngoscopy at rest and during speech. Fifty-five per cent of the subjects had velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) and hypernasal speech. Only two of these 12 subjects had cleft palate. VPI was related to structural and physiological asymmetry of the pharynx. No relationship was found between the severity of facial malformation and the presence of VPI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Therapy of iatrogenic subglottic stenosis: a steroid/antibiotic regimen.

The authors have evaluated the efficacy of a medical regimen, consisting of systemic antibiotics and steroids, in the management of acute iatrogenic subglottic stenosis. The study consisted of the infliction of a standardized subglottic injury to three groups of five dogs: Group I animals were placed on prednisone 1 mg/kg/24 hours and potassium phenoxymethyl penicillin 50 mg/kg/24 hours from the day of the trauma. Group II were placed on a similar regimen from the eighth day after subglottic trauma. Group III received no medical therapy at all. Therapy was continued in treated Groups I and II for five weeks. At the end of the study the dogs were sacrificed and the final degree of subglottic stenosis evaluated, at which time the laryngotracheal complexes were submitted for pathological evaluation. A significant difference was found between the degree of stenosis attained in the three groups. The study suggests that the introduction of a steroid/antibiotic regimen has a beneficial effect in developing subglottic stenosis and that the timing of such therapy is of importance.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Cellular immunity in patients with epidermoid cancer of the head and neck.

Forty-three patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were evaluated immunologically at various times before and after treatment. Impaired DNCB skin reactivity was found in patients with more advanced disease (Stages II-IV). In the 24 patients evaluated prior to therapy, only the mean percentages of two subpopulation T-cell tests, T-RFC29 and "active" T-RFC and mean absolute T-RFC29 per mm3 and PHA responses were significantly depressed. These depressed values could not, however, be correlated with the stage of the disease. In patients with poorly to moderatley differentiated tumors there was a significant decrease in mean percentage of active T-RFC and PHA stimulation. A marked difference in mean percentages of T-RFC29 between pretreated patients without nodal involvement (40.5 +/- 2.1) and those with this complicity (58.1 +/- 4.9) suggests that this assay may be used to detect occult nodal involvement. A comparison of the effects of surgery, irradiation and the combination of the two no patients indicated that only radiation affected any of their immune parameters. Irradiated patients demonstrated a marked decline in the mean absolute level of lymphocytes, total T-RFC and mean PHA responsiveness within one month of the termination of therapy: however, these values returned to the pretreatment level within seven months. None of the treatments was effective in "curing" the immune deficits observed in pretreatment patients.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

A comprehensive study of pharyngeal flap surgery: tailor made flaps.

Three methods of pharyngeal flap surgery were analyzed with multiview videofluoroscopy and nasopharyngoscopy at least six months post-operatively. It was found that, by varying the type of insertion of the flap into the palate, post-operative flap width could be "tailored" to the size of the gap in the velopharyngeal sphincter. The value of varying flap width according to gap size was assessed by analyzing speech results in 60 patients specifically assigned for narrow, moderate, or wide flaps. Results show a marked improvement in the effectiveness of pharyngeal flap surgery when operations are prescribed according to the degree of lateral pharyngeal wall motion seen pre-operatively.

Cineradiography↗
PubMed1978

Oral and oropharyngeal carcinoma: surgical treatment in irradiated and nonirradiated patients.

Surgical treatment was used in 45 cases of oral cavity carcinoma and in 23 cases of oropharyngeal carcinoma. The three-year cure rate was 47% for oral cavity tumors and 9% for orophayngeal lesions. The cure rate was substantially higher in female patients than in males and in white patients than in nonwhites. Results of composite resections in 23 previously irradiated patients and 23 nonirradiated patients with T-2 and T-3 lesions are compared. The irradiated patients with oral cavity carcinoma had a lower cure rate and a much greater incidence of postoperative morbidity than the patients treated with operation alone. Surgical results for oropharyngeal carcinomas were poor in both radiated and nonirradiated patients, although the incidence of postoperative morbidity and mortality was higher in the irradiated group.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Conductive hearing loss in patients with velopharyngeal insufficiency.

This study involved audiologic and otologic evaluations of 77 subjects with VPI not due to overt cleft palate, aged 4-16 years. Audiological findings revealed that: 49 per cent had a hearing loss (74 per cent conductive, 16 per cent sensori neural, 10 per cent mixed) and that 18 per cent of the subjects had inconsistent audiologic findings. Otologic evaluations revealed that 44 per cent had abnormalities of the tympanic membrane. It can be concluded that the VPI subjects differed appreciably from the normal and more closely resembled a cleft palate population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental animal model of subglottic stenosis.

An animal model of subglottic stenosis has been developed. The results of this pilot study show evidence to suggest that injury to the cricoid cartilage leading to perichondritis is the important factor in the development of subglottic stenosis.

Animals↗