[Menopause, osteoporosis and rachialgia].
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
C Avila
Publications and source records attributed to C Avila.
Natural diets for Hermissenda crassicornis mariculture.
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Animal Feed↗
Interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta in preterm and term human parturition.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been implicated in the mechanism of human parturition in the setting of infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of labor (term and preterm) and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity on amniotic fluid (AF) concentrations IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. AF was retrieved by transabdominal amniocentesis from the following groups of women: midtrimester genetic amniocentesis (16 to 18 wk) (N = 15), preterm labor with intact membranes (21 to 36 wk) with or without infection (N = 72), preterm premature rupture of membranes (PROM) (N = 88), and term not in labor or in active labor with or without infection (N = 58). AF was cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as Mycoplasmas. IL-1 was measured with a commercially available immunoassay validated for AF (sensitivity: IL-1 alpha, 157 pg/ml; IL-1 beta, 50 pg/ml). All women at midtrimester had undetectable AF IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta. Among women in preterm labor with positive AF cultures, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta were detectable in the AF in 86.6% (13/15) and 100% (15/15), respectively. In contrast, all women with negative AF cultures without labor (N = 36) had undetectable AF IL-1 alpha concentrations and 52.7% (19/36) had undetectable AF IL-1 beta concentrations. Histopathological chorioamnionitis was present in 92.8% (13/14) of patients who had positive AF cultures and detectable IL-1 in the AF. IL-1 was significantly higher in patients with preterm PROM, labor, and positive AF cultures than in the other subgroups of patients with preterm PROM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Amniotic Fluid↗
[Immediate reaction to latex: comparison between skin test and IgE determination with ELISA].
BACKGROUND: Development of latex hypersensitivity type 1 response mediated by IgE depends on exposition intensitivity and genetic predisposition. Clinical manifestations are urticaria, rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma and anaphylaxis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of latex immediate skin reactivity on allergy patients from 1-15 yr old from Hospital Infantil de México. METHODS: A clinical, prospective trial was performed between november 1998 and april 1999. During the study we documented 629 patients with allergy. Of them 30 had positive skin prick test (SPT) to latex according to Aas classification and 30 with negative SPT were randomly chosen as control group. Both groups were similar with respect to diagnosis, age, and sex characteristics. RESULTS: 629 children's with SPT, 30 had positive skin princk test (4.76%), 15 men and 15 women, with an average age of 8.9 years. For groups 1-5 years of age. The group age 6-10 years 6.21% and that of age 11-15 8.9%. Atopia antecedent 73.3%. For rhinitis and asthma diagnostic 63%, rhinitis 13%, asthma 20%, conjunctivitis 20%, atopic dermatitis and anaphylaxis 3.3%, urticaria 6.6%. Surgery antecedent 30%. 100% used a sucking, 93% used a latex toy the relationship of symptoms with the use of latex was 6.6%. Statistica1 ana1ysis was performed using: Nonparametric correlations the Kendall's tau-b: 0.329 and Spearman's rho 0.348 correlation is significant. CONCLUSION: It does exist a correlation between SPT and test for latex-especific IgE antibodies, the older the patient, the higher frequency of latex reaction, history of atopy is the mayor risk factor.
Adolescent↗
[A rare neurologically originated speech disorder: foreign accent syndrome].
INTRODUCTION: Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) is an unusual neurological speech disorder documented in not more than twenty specific studies. As a consequence of a cerebral mainly subcortical injury, the patient s speech is foreign sounding to native listeners. As subject cannot avoid this foreign accent, and given its abrupt emergence, this disorder usually involves emotional consequences by loss of identity and of belonging to a speech community. CASE REPORT: In this paper, a case from Castellón de la Plana (Spain) is presented with a injury in right basal ganglia and the literature about this topic is revised. CONCLUSIONS: From the available data, we describe the main characteristics of the syndrome and discuss the possible role of basal ganglia
Adult↗
[Migraine and MIDAS (MIDASELA) in Colombian hospital workers].
AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of migraine and its implications in the occupational and outside employment/daily activities of the workers at a regional hospital in the Cundiboyacense Plateau in Colombia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The available members of the house staff at this institution were interviewed by applying the neuroepidemiological protocol drawn up by the World Health Organization (WHO); general doctors performed the initial screening and the determination of neurological disease was carried out by a clinical neurologist, both in patients who were positive and negative for neurological disease. Quality of life was evaluated by means of the MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment) survey, MIDASELA (in Spanish for Latin America); the analysis was performed using the EPI 6.04 software application. RESULTS: A total of 238 people were studied: 188 females and 50 males; the prevalence of migraine was 22.5% (15.5% by the WHO protocol and 7% false negatives), with predominance in females (OR: 5.49; p< 0.005). In the MIDASELA questionnaire, 47.2% of the patients had a 50% alteration in their productivity, with regard to their occupational and outside employment/daily activities. A minimum number of patients (3.8%) were unable to work because of migraine, as compared to the figures for outside employment/daily activities (29.7%) or those involving leisure/family (66.4%). The average work, outside employment/daily and family time lost per patient because of migraine was 0.3, 2 and 5.2 days, respectively. CONCLUSION: A sub register in the prevalence of migraine could be reported in places where the WHO protocol is used. This pathology will have to be taken well into account in Colombian hospital workers due to its individual, occupational, family, social and economic impact. It is necessary to introduce health policies and programmes aimed at evaluating, controlling and treating this type of pathology in an appropriate manner, in order to improve the quality of life of those whose job it is to look after and improve that of the other Colombians.
Adult↗
[Applications of functional magnetic resonance imaging in pre-surgical patients: motor, mnemonic and linguistic functions].
AIMS: This paper reviews and describes cases involving useful protocols for pre-surgical evaluation in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the motor, mnemonic and linguistic functions. DEVELOPMENT: The application of fMRI in pre-surgical evaluation allows us to pinpoint the anatomical location of a function in relation to the lesion. This technique therefore appears as an alternative to the classical intraoperative tests, which are more aggressive and costly. The paper describes aspects and considerations of fMRI with regard to the methodology and procedure employed in its application, as well as the control of contaminating variables that can affect results. The language protocols are described in terms of lateralisation and localisation, and are divided into expressive and receptive language protocols, together with linguistic protocols for overall stimulation that allow the localisation of both expressive and receptive areas. Concerning the motor protocols, we describe the procedures for patients with and without difficulties in their movement. Lastly, we review and describe the memory protocols that give rise to bilateral stimulation in the mesial temporal areas, which allows both lateralisation and localisation of the hippocampal and parahippocampal areas that are functionally significant for the patients' memory. Each of the protocols is illustrated with cases carried out by our work team. CONCLUSIONS: The development of new protocols for pre-surgical evaluation must be guided by greater delimitation and consistency in functional stimulation, as well as analysis of the behaviour displayed.
Brain Diseases↗
[Memory evaluation using functional magnetic resonance: applications in preoperative patients and in Alzheimer s disease].
The assessment of memory functions related to medial temporal lobe has become one of the most important issues on current neuropsychology. On this communication, we review the results which our research group has achieved using two functional magnetic resonance Image procedures to assess memory function: Hometown walking task and an encoding/retrieval task using complex images. Nine patients with tumoural temporal lesions performed the hometown walking task. The results of these patients showed either a bilateral or contralesional representation of memory function. These results confirm those obtained by Jokeit, Okujava y Woermann (2001), and they seem to prove that this protocol is useful to determine the preservation of memory function in the non damaged hemisphere. On the other hand, the images encoding/retrieval task has been run by two groups of four patients diagnosed as Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment, and another group of five patients who participated as a control group. According to our hypothesis, the results have shown a lower activation at the left parahippocampal gyrus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease patients than controls, just as a lower bilateral activation in the same structure for the Alzheimer group than the control group. As a whole, our results show how important may become functional magnetic resonance image for neuropsychological assessment of memory, and as a diagnostic tool for CNS diseases.
Adult↗
[Memory disorders and attention deficit modulation in child hyperactivity].
The infantile hyperactivity is a disorder of great significance due to its remarkable after-effects on the family, the school and the individual. According to strict diagnostic criteria the study of the memory in these children who present a well defined disorder of the attention, has been planned. The data show that the mnemonic capacity is primarily kept. However the nuclear problem is an attention deficit.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
Long-acting agonists of LH-RH in the treatment of large ovarian endometriomas.
Reversible temporary medical oophorectomy using long-acting agonist analogs of LH-RH was tried in three infertile patients suffering from large endometriomas of the ovary. These patients had stage IV disease according to the revised 1985 classification of the American Fertility Society. D-Ala6-des-Gly10-LH-RH propylamide (D-Ala6-LH-RH PA), in a dose of 125 micrograms, was administered intramuscularly every 48 hours to one patient, and daily to the other two patients, for 22, 17, and 14 weeks, respectively. Two patients subsequently received 100 micrograms of D-Trp6-LH-RH for 4 weeks in order to compare its efficacy with D-Ala6-LH-RH PA. Clinical controls, pelvic ultrasonography, and routine laboratory tests and hormone assays were done periodically. Ultrasonography images showed a reduction in the size of endometriomas after the second or third week of treatment. This reduction was maintained throughout and continued after the period of treatment. Suppression of the pituitary and estrogen responses was obtained rapidly, but some transient increments were occasionally found. Progesterone levels always decreased and remained in the range of the early follicular phase. Most intervals of uterine bleeding were prolonged. An evident improvement of abdominal pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia was found. Administration of D-Trp6-LH-RH was more effective than D-Ala6-LH-RH PA in most of the parameters tested. After discontinuation of treatment, all three patients had a prolonged follicular phase with a normal luteal phase during the first cycle. One woman became pregnant in the fourth cycle after discontinuation of D-Ala6-LH-RH PA and delivered a normal baby.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Norgestrel and ethinyl estradiol. New oral agent of controlled dosage for regulating fertility].
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Adolescent↗
MCA serum determination in breast carcinoma patients for the diagnosis of bone metastases.
Serum MCA levels were determined in 173 consecutive patients with breast cancer in order to assess the clinical utility of MCA for the detection of bone metastases. Bone pathology was diagnosed by scintigraphy, radiology and clinical follow-up. Metastases were found in 37 patients, benign lesions in 25, and in 111 no bone lesions were found. Eighteen of the 173 bone scans were considered indeterminate for metastases. Based on the receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis, the cut-off level for MCA was set at 20 U/ml. Only in 4 of the 37 patients with bone metastases MCA was below 20 U/ml. All 4 patients had completed their chemotherapy course within six months before MCA determination. Only in 6 patients of the 136 without bone metastases MCA levels were above 20 U/ml. Of the 18 patients with indeterminate bone scans, 15 had benign lesions and all of them had MCA levels below 20 U/ml. MCA determination is a sensitive method for the detection of bone metastases in breast carcinoma. We encourage the use of this procedure for the selection of high-risk groups or as a complementary method for the interpretation of bone scintigraphy.
Adult↗
[Explicit and implicit memory during inhalation and intravenous anesthesia].
OBJECTIVE: Patients rarely report memory or knowledge of surgery after general anesthesia. During apparently adequate surgical anesthesia, however, information processing of high level functions, such as language comprehension and learning, can continue unconsciously. Our objective is to assess whether different anesthetic techniques (two inhalational and two intravenous) guarantee the absence of both types of memory. PATIENTS AND METHOD: One hundred patients were randomly assigned to receive the following anesthetic procedures: desflurane/N2O (group 1), isoflurane/N2O (group 2), fentanyl/N2O (group 3) and total intravenous anesthesia (group 4). A cassette with the same music was played in all cases, and an order requiring a nonverbal response was given to 15 randomly chosen patients in each group. Response was evaluated at a visit 24 to 48 hours after surgery. Fifteen patients, therefore, constituted the study group for each anesthetic procedure, and 10 patients formed the control group. We assessed the presence of explicit memory in a structured interview, and implicit memory by way of the relation between the number of times the nonverbal order was obeyed and the time of the interview. RESULTS: Explicit memory was absent in all patients. The presence of implicit memory was confirmed, however, in the isoflurane (p = 0.02) group. Significant differences between the isoflurane group and both the desflurane and total intravenous anesthesia groups (p = 0.03) were found. CONCLUSION: Explicit memory was absent with all four anesthetic techniques used in our study. Implicit memory was more difficult to inhibit, however, with isoflurane/N2O.
Adolescent↗