HLA antigens in Japanese patients with psoriatic arthritis.
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Alleles↗
Biomedical subjects
C Asagami
Publications and source records attributed to C Asagami.
Necrotizing fasciitis due to Pasteurella multocida infection.
Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially fatal clinical disease caused by infection with various bacteria in addition to streptococci, which are common causative agents. We report on a rare case of this disease in association with Pasteurella multocida infection. A 58-year-old man had systemic features of shock after a 15-hour history of a painful swelling on the right lower leg. The swelling led to skin blistering and necrosis from which P. multocida was isolated. Those lesions progressed rapidly. The patient also had a history of chronic liver injury as described in previous reports.
Blister↗
Immunohistological reaction mechanism of anti-monosialoganglioside monoclonal antibody, MAb 202, showing predominant cytotoxicity for malignant melanoma.
Mouse monoclonal IgM antibody (MAb 202) can cause melanoma cell necrosis in vivo. We analysed its immune mechanism in three melanoma patients to whom MAb 202 was administered. After the MAb 202 administration, histopathological analysis showed necrosis of melanoma cells expressing only GM3 in two patients. Another patient carrying both GM3 and GD3 showed infiltration of lymphocytes within the tumor nest but no tumor cells or nest necrosis. Immunohistological examination using anti-mouse IgM antibody revealed MAb 202 bound on the surface of melanoma cells in two patients but not in the third (positive for both GM3 and GD3). In vitro, MAb 202 reacted with the melanoma cells of the same two patients, but not with any other tissues of these individuals. We found no reaction of MAb 202 to non-melanoma cells including normal melanocytes and glia cells. Our trials suggest, 1) MAb 202 reacts directly to monosialogangliosides on the melanoma cell surface and then leads to the cytotoxicity reaction, or 2) MAb 202 induces lymphocyte infiltration and possibly then promotes the secretion of some cytokines.
Adult↗
Structure determination of glycosphingolipids of cultured human keratinocytes.
From cultured human keratinocytes, seven glycolipid fractions were isolated by DEAE and silica-gel column chromatographies, and further by HPLC on a silica-gel column. By means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry and GLC-mass spectrometry, one fraction was determined to contain acylglucosylceramides, which consist of amide linked omega-hydroxy fatty acids (C30:0, C30:1, C32:1 and C34:1), fatty acids linked to the omega-hydroxy fatty acids through ester linkages (C14:1, C16:1, C18:1 and C18:2), a long-chain base (d18-sphingenine), and beta-glucose. Five of the other fractions contained glucosylceramides, and the seventh fraction contained a mixture of glucosylceramides and galactosylceramides. Glucosylceramides containing long-chain omega-hydroxy fatty acids, which are assumed to be immediate precursors of the acylglucosylceramides, were hardly detected in these glycolipid fractions. Six glucosylceramide fractions were separated due to differences in their fatty acids and sphingosines. On comparison with the results reported in our previous paper, the acylglucosylceramide content of the cultured human keratinocytes was about half that of human epidermis. Under the culture conditions used, the human keratinocytes did not differentiate into granular or horny cells. Taken together, the results suggest that the synthesis of acylglucosylceramides is not activated much in the cultured keratinocytes, but would be more activated in differentiated cells.
Adult↗
Acral lentiginous melanoma associated with Down's syndrome.
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Adult↗
Iatrogenic benign lymphoplasia induced by allergic contact dermatitis from squaric acid dibutylester: immunohistologic study of cellular infiltrates.
We report of a 62-year-old male patient with a dull red itchy nodule on the induction area of allergic contact dermatitis to squaric acid dibutylester, which had been used for the therapy of alopecia universalis. The excised biopsy specimen showed dense infiltration of lymphoid cells in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, associated with the formation of lymphoid follicles. Immunohistologic analysis of the infiltrates indicated mixed proliferation of T- and B-cells. A biopsy specimen from the challenge area showed spongiosis in the epidermis and lymphoid cell infiltration in the upper dermis, while the infiltrates consisted mainly of T-cells. The following points are discussed: (i) the lesion had an iatrogenic origin and the causative agent was quite evident; (ii) the route of allergen application was only through the epidermis and not directly in the dermis; (iii) lymphoid cell infiltrates of the induction and challenge areas were different.
Allergens↗
Inhibitory effect of azelastine, a potent antiallergic agent, on release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and U937 cells.
It is generally accepted that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a multifunctional cytokine which is involved in the regulation of inflammation as well as immunity. In the present study, we investigated whether azelastine, a potent antiallergic agent, affects release of TNF-alpha from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and U937 cell line in vitro. When human PBMC and U937 cells were stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), respectively, the cells released significant amounts of TNF-alpha as determined by TNF-alpha-specific enzyme immunoassay. TNF-alpha levels in the culture supernatant of PHA-stimulated human PBMC and TPA-activated U937 cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner when these cells were cultured in the presence of azelastine. This inhibitory effect of azelastine was obtained at concentrations where the drug produced no toxicity. Moreover, azelastine also inhibited release of TNF-alpha from U937 cells which were already activated by TPA. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of azelastine on TNF-alpha release plays an important role in its antiallergic action in addition to inhibition and/or antagonism of histamine and leukotrienes, which has been previously reported.
Depression, Chemical↗
Ganglioside expression of human melanoma and tumor progression. Ganglioside composition of a plaque and a nodule of acral lentiginous melanoma.
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Adult↗
Experimental study of the potential for contact sensitization and cross-reaction of imidazole antifungals.
We examined the potential for contact sensitization of miconazole nitrate and croconazole hydrochloride and the cross-reaction between them in guinea pigs by the maximization test of Magnusson and Kligman. Contact sensitivity was induced by croconazole hydrochloride in 5 out of 7 animals which, after being injected with 5% croconazole hydrochloride, underwent a closed patch with 25% croconazole hydrochloride. Contact sensitivity was not induced by miconazole nitrate. The 5 animals sensitized to croconazole hydrochloride were tested with 8 other imidazole antifungals and positive reactions were observed to oxiconazole nitrate in 2 of the 5 animals. This response may be a cross-reaction.
Animals↗
[Clofibrate treatment of psoriasis with hypertriglycemia--clinical, histological and laboratory analysis].
Abnormalities of triglyceride (TG) metabolism are considered to play an important role in pathogenesis of psoriasis. Two psoriatic patients with hypertriglycemia were treated with 750 mg of oral Clofibrate daily. While they were treated, both patients showed improvement of psoriasis. Upon cessation of treatment the lesions returned. During the treatment, levels of serum TG, apolipoprotein C-III (apo C-III), and apo E were reduced significantly. The analysis of serum fatty acids revealed a change in the level of linoleic acid. The serum linoleic acid level, which had been low in both cases before the treatment, increased in one case and decreased in other during the treatment. In the biopsy specimen from the post-treatment plaque, both capillary proliferation and endothelial swelling in the dermis were less prominent. There was a moderate reduction in the number of lymphocytic cells, and an increase in that of histiocytic cells. Clofibrate treatment improved TG metabolism and the histological and clinical findings in the psoriatic lesion.
Adult↗
Sphingoglycolipids in human cultured keratinocytes.
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Cells, Cultured↗
[Apolipoprotein E phenotypes and psoriasis].
Using gel isoelectric focusing method, we determine the frequencies of apoE isoform and gene of 32 patiens with psoriasis vulgaris. The patients showed higher frequencies of E3/3 and the allele epsilon 2 and lower frequencies of E3/3 and the allele epsilon 3 than the healthy Japanese control. The tendency to have higher frequencies of E3/2 and epsilon 2 was more apparent in the patients of early onset than of late onset, with severe type than with mild or moderate type, and of universal form of plaque type eruption and guttate form than of localized form of plaque type eruption. These differences fell short of statistical significance. These findings suggest us an important role of apoE2 (allele epsilon 2) over the onset and the clinical severity of psoriasis vulgaris.
Adult↗
[Serum apolipoprotein levels in psoriatic patients].
Serum apolipoprotein and lipid levels were determined in 33 psoriatic patients, 26 males and 7 females, and in 61 normolipemic, non-psoriatic controls matched for age and sex. The psoriatic patients had significantly higher levels of triglyceride and lower levels of apo B. The male psoriatic patients showed a tendency to have lower levels of LDL-cholesterol. The levels of cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, apo A-I, apo A-II, apo C-II, apo C-III and apo E did not differ significantly from those of the controls. The relevance of these findings to the development of psoriasis remains to be established.
Apolipoproteins↗
A young type III hyperlipoproteinemic patient associated with apolipoprotein E deficiency.
A 13-year-old female patient had noticed tuberoeruptive xanthomas since 3 years of age. Her serum, VLDL, and IDL cholesterol levels were high (348, 158, and 60 mg/dL, respectively), while LDL and HDL cholesterol levels were 56 and 62 mg/dL, respectively. VLDL-cholesterol/serum triglyceride ratio was extremely high (0.86), suggesting type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP). Her apo E was undetectable by the single radial immunodiffusion studies and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Her parents showed hypertriglyceridemia and her two siblings were normolipidemic, and their apo E levels were normal. Genomic DNA digested with BamHI or EcoRI did not show gross differences in the restriction fragment length between the apo-E-deficient patient and normal controls. Thus, apo E deficiency may be characterized by early appearance of clinical manifestations of type III HLP and higher VLDL-cholesterol/serum triglyceride ratio.
Adolescent↗
Structure determination of glucosyl beta 1-N-(omega-O-linoleoyl)-acylsphingosines of human epidermis.
Human epidermis gave two glycolipid bands that migrated faster than glucosylceramide and two bands that migrated like glucosylceramide and galactosylceramide, respectively, on TLC. The two faster migrating glycolipids (GL-I and GL-II), which exhibited alkalilability, were purified by conventional DEAE and silica gel column chromatographies, and further by HPLC on a silica gel column. Structure determination of the two components, named GL-I3 and GL-II3, which were finally purified from GL-I and GL-II, respectively, by HPLC on a reversed phase column, was performed by means of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and component analysis involving GLC-mass spectrometry. GL-I3 was determined to be a mixture of glucosyl beta 1-N-(omega-O-linoleoyl)-triacontanoyl- and -dotriacontamonoenoyl-eicosasphingenine, and one of the two components of GL-II3 was determined to be glucosyl beta 1-N-(omega-O-linoleoyl)triacontanoyl-trihydroxyeicosasphingenin e. GL-I3 and GL-II3 were the major components of GL-I and GL-II, respectively, and both the latter contained additional four components, which were heterogeneous as to the ceramide portion. This paper reports the structures of acylglucosylceramides isolated from human epidermis together with 1H-NMR spectra and mass spectra demonstrating their molecular weights. The structure of molecular species containing trihydroxysphingosine having a double bond is novel.
Adolescent↗
Strong anti-tumor effect of monosialoganglioside specific monoclonal antibody 202: a clinical trial in a cancer patient with melanoma.
Mab 202, a mouse monoclonal IgM antibody which recognizes sialic acid alpha 2----3 galactosyl residue in monosialogangliosides and reacts with human melanoma cells but not with normal cells, was administered to a melanoma patient by either intralesional injection or intravenous infusion. Mab 202 induced regressions of the metastatic tumors without side effects. Histopathologic examination showed remarkable degenerative and necrotic changes in the tumor, around which lymphocytes, eosinophils, plasma cells and macrophages infiltrated. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed Mab 202 binding to melanoma cells. Clinical and pathologic evidence suggested that Mab 202 has cytotoxic effects against melanoma cells. Mab 202 may therefore be useful in the treatment of human malignant melanoma.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Occurrence of galactosylceramide in pig epidermal cells.
Monoglycosylceramides were isolated from pig epidermal cells which had been prepared free from dermal elements. The most polar glycolipid among the five isolated monoglycosylceramides was galactosylceramide. The galactosylceramide was composed of alpha-hydroxypalmitic acid and 16- and 18-carbon chain sphingenine, being quite different from epidermal glucosylceramides. This is the first report demonstrating the occurrence of galactosylceramide in mammalian epidermal cells.
Animals↗