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Biomedical subjects

C Albano

Publications and source records attributed to C Albano.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Cerebrospinal HVA and 5-HIAA in patients with endogenous depression in the course of treatment].

HVA and 5-HIAA levels were determined in the lumbar CSF of 17 patients affected by endogenous depression. The modification of the amine metabolites after treatment (tryciclics, bromocriptine, trazodone, ECT) were not related to the specific therapy nor to the clinical improvement. In 11 patients, HVA and 5-HIAA showed opposite modificatons. The possible role of interactions between dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems in the pathogenesis of endogenous depression is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Interactions between central monoaminergic systems: dopamine-serotonin.

Concentration of dopamine and serotonin metabolites (HVA and 5-HIAA) in the CSF was evaluated before and after pharmacological treatment in 19 patients with different neuropsychiatric diseases. In every case a reciprocal modification of the two metabolites occurred after treatment. The result supports the hypothesis of a functional balance between the monoaminergic systems in the central nervous system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Trazodone intravenously administered and plasma prolactin levels.

Plasma prolactin levels during intravenous Trazodone infusion have been evaluated. Although the modifications were not statistically significant, a slight decrease of plasma prolactin levels was noted. This result suggests that Trazodone has no remarkable effect on hypothalamic function.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bromocriptine and dopaminergic function in Huntington disease.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) content of homovanillic acid (HVA) was assayed in 10 patients with Huntington disease. On doses of less than 40 mg of bromocriptine daily, there was clinical improvement and the CSF HVA concentration increased. On higher doses of bromocriptine, chorea worsened and the CSF HVA concentration decreased. Bromocriptine at low dosage seems to act as a partial dopamine antagonist, with phenothiazine-like effects, and at higher doses it acts as a direct dopamine-receptor stimulating agent.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical features and long-term follow-up of patients with reversible ischemic attacks (RIA).

The clinical features of 102 cases with transient attacks due to cerebral ischemia were evaluated, and 94 out of 102 cases were followed for an average of 6 years. 1) The clinical study makes comparisons between two groups of patients grouped under the somewhat new definition of Reversible Ischemic Attacks (RIA): classical Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA) and Stroke with Full Recovery (SFR), in which a complete recovery took place over a longer period, on the average 3 weeks. 2) SFR constitutes the 34.31% of the total cases with transient ischemic episodes. In the carotid district the onset was more frequently gradual in SFR than in TIA and aphasia more frequent in TIA than in SFR. Multiple attacks prevailed in TIA over the SFR group. The definition of transient attack due to ischemia is discussed. 3) Completed strokes occurred in 11 cases (11.7%) with RIA. Hypertension and cardiac disease were significantly frequent in cases with subsequent stroke. The conclusion was reached that TIA is a symptom, not a pathological state, and TIA should be considered an important symptom but not a specific harbinger of completed stroke.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Choreic dyskinesia and GABA - pharmaco-clinical approach. Preliminary note].

The effects of Baclofen, a gabamimetic drug, have been studied in 4 patients affected by Huntington's Chorea. The biochemical bases of Chorea are discussed in relation to the HVA modifications in the cerebrospinal fluid induced by the drug. Some interesting data on the extrapyramidal physiology may be achieved with further investigations in a greater group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Late chronic dyskinesia from neuroleptic drugs (CSF and pharmacological data) (author's transl)].

CSF values of dopamine and serotonine metabolites (homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid) have been studied in 4 patients suffering from late dyskinesia due to neuroleptics. Trazodone (which acts on all monoaminergic systems, namely noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotoninergic) induced a marked clinical improvement associated with CSF HVA increase and 5-HIAA decrease. The Authors suggest that involuntary movements could be due to an impairment of 5-HT e DA link.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Trazodone by intravenous infusion in depressions secondary to organic disease.

16 patients with organic depression were treated with low doses of trazodone (100 mg/day) by i.v. infusion. This drug was shown to have a marked antidepressant and anxiolytic action and did not produce any significant side-effects. The authors suggest that on the basis of the diminished 24-hour urinary excretion of 5-HIAA, trazodone seems to have an antiserotonin action at low doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Levodopa and Huntington's chorea.

Two patients with Huntington's chorea are reported whose psychiatric and neurological symptoms greatly improved after treatment with L-dopa. In both cases the basal values of CSF HVA were markedly decreased, being increased by the treatment with L-dopa.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Cerebrospinal fluid metabolism of biogenic amines in Huntington chorea].

CSF metabolites of dopamine (HVA), norepinephrine (MHPG) and serotonine (5HIAA) in 9 patients affected by Huntington's Chorea before and after therapy with phenotiazine derivatives (Fluphenazine) have been studied. A close relationship seems to exist between therapeutical results and CSF HVA modifications: improvement of choreatic movements is associated with marked increase in CSF HVA values. Biochemical bases of Huntington's Chorea are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of 99mTc-HM-PAO parameters with SPECT for improved evaluation of blood flow in cerebral lesions.

A method for investigating the linearity between blood flow and distribution of 99mTc-HM-PAO uptake in patients undergoing single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is presented. This method, based on particular elaboration techniques of sequential multiple acquisitions, provides a local index: cumulative transit time (CTT) related to all factors, other than blood flow, affecting 99mTc-HM-PAO uptake. Because a correct qualitative blood flow estimation is based on the uniformity of the above factors, the occurrence of a change of this index indicates a nonlinear relation between blood flow and 99mTc-HM-PAO uptake distributions. It was shown that although linearity between blood flow and 99mTc-HM-PAO uptake may be questionable, a qualitative assessment of blood flow was correct in 100% of ischemic patients. In nonischemic patients this percentage fell to 60%.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional circulation time images in the diagnosis of cerebral lesions by angio CT.

An application of angio CT as an adjunct to contrast enhancement evaluation of cerebral lesions is presented. We performed rapid sequential scanning following intravenous bolus injection of an iodinated contrast medium, analyzed the time contrast curves and generated a functional circulation time image. This was accomplished by calculating on a pixel-by-pixel basis the first mathematical moment of the monitored time-density curves about injection time which corresponds to regional arm brain circulation time (rABCT). This method increased the rate of detection of cerebral lesions by contrast enhancement from 30 to 90%.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional perfusion and blood-brain barrier permeability images in the diagnosis of cerebral tumors by Angio CT.

We performed rapid sequential CT scanning following iv injection of a bolus of contrast medium and generated three functional images relating to intravascular circulation time (rABCT), vascular volume (Vv) density and blood-brain barrier (BBB) unidirectional constant uptake rate (Ki), respectively. This was accomplished by calculating the first mathematical moment of the monitored time-density curves about the injection time and from the multiple time graph analysis described by Patlack and co-workers. A satisfactory resolution was achieved, allowing separate appreciation of changes in rABCT both in large vessels and in tissue small vessels. Combined evaluation of rABCT and Vv images allowed us to differentiate between tumors.

Blood Volume↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of ovarian stimulation on corpus luteum function and embryonic implantation.

The luteal phase has been found to be defective in virtually all the stimulation protocols used in in-vitro fertilization (IVF), indicating that common mechanisms might be involved despite the use of different drugs. A normal luteal phase is characterised by a normal hormonal environment, normal progesterone secretion by the corpus luteum and adequate endometrial secretory transformation. Luteinizing hormone supports the corpus luteum and luteal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels have been found to be reduced in human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG), gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-agonist/HMG and GnRH-antagonist/HMG protocols, probably leading to an insufficient corpus luteum function. Supraphysiological steroid serum concentrations routinely observed in stimulated cycles may adversely affect LH secretion and induce a luteal-phase defect. In turn, these high steroid serum concentrations may advance early luteal-phase endometrial development leading to embryo-endometrial asynchrony and decreased pregnancy rates in IVF cycles.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗